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Vipin K. Chawla , Ranjana Yadav , C. N. Pandey , R. K. Jain , A. K. Dixit

Abstract

Lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins were produced by substituting phenol with rice straw lignin in various percentages. Wood adhesive is certainly the most widely explored avenue of lignin utilization. Phenol was replaced by various percentages of lignin to keep the phenolic to formalin weight ratio constant to 1:1.8. 10%, 20% and 30% replacement of phenol by lignin were adopted in making lignin phenol formaldehyde resin (LPF Resin). The plywood panels of 4 mm thick, 30 × 30cm were made and the panels were subjected to test as per IS: 848:2006, specification for synthetic resin adhesives for plywood (Phenolic and Amino plastics). The results indicated that rice straw lignin was a feasible replacement for up to 30% of the phenol in PF resins.

Keywords

Rice Straw Lignin, Adhesive, Plywood

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Ranjana Yadav ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, IPIRTI Centre Mohali, IN

Abstract

The aim of this work was to develop a Modified Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin by partially replacing phenol with starch. Starch-phenol-formaldehyde (SPF) resins were produced by substituting phenol with starch in various percentages. Phenol was replaced by various percentages of starch to keep the phenolic to formalin weight ratio constant to 1:1.6. In the present study 10%, 20% and 30% replacement of phenol by starch were adopted in making SPF. The plywood panels of 4 mm thick, 30cm × 30cm were made and the panels were subjected to test for BWP grade as per IS: 848-2006, Specification of synthetic resin and adhesive for plywood (phenolic and amino plastic resin). The results indicated that the starch was a feasible replacement for up to 30% of the phenol in PF resins for poplar and silver oak species.

Keywords

Starch, Knife Test, Adhesive, Plywood.

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Brajpal Singh ¹, S. C. Khurana ², Manish Kumar ³, Neelam Yadav ⁴, Ranjana Yadav ⁵, Renu Yadav ⁶

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, R.S.G.U. College, Pukhrayan, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Chemistry, D.V. (P.G.) College, Orai (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Chemistry, C.C.S. (P.G.) College, Heonra, Etawah (U.P.), IN
4 Department of Zoology, D.A.V. P.G. College, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
5 Department of Zoology, Nehru Degree College, CBR, Kannauj (U.P.), IN
6 Department of Zoology, C.C.S. (P.G.) College, Heonra, Etawah (U.P.), IN

Abstract

A laboratory study was analyzed to observe the ground water quality of residential areas (Higher Income Group, Minimum Income Group, Lower Income Group, Juggi Jhopari, and Industrial Area) of Kanpur metro by examining the chemical parameter like calcium (Ca⁺²), magnesium (Mg⁺²), sulphate (SO₄^-2), chloride (Cl^-), fluoride (F^-) and nitrate (NO₃^-) as per the method assessment of ground water quality described in Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and WHO. The result revealed that much variation was observed during October to April, most parameters decreased during summer and increase during the rainy season and then began to decrease again in winter followed by summer. HIG groundwater appeared to be the best ground water available in Kanpur metro.

Keywords

Ground Water, Chemical Parameters, Residential Areas, Kanpur City, Pollution.

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Brajpal Singh ¹, S. C. Khurana ², Manish Kumar ³, Neelam Yadav ⁴, Renu Yadav ⁵, Ranjana Yadav ⁶

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, R.S.G.U. College, Pukhrayan, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Chemistry, D.V. (P.G.) College, Orai (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Chemistry, C.C.S. (P.G.) College, Heonra, Etawah (U.P.), IN
4 Department of Zoology, D.A.V.P.G. College, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
5 Department of Zoology, C.C.S. (P.G.) College, Heonra, Etawah (U.P.), IN
6 Department of Zoology, Nehru Degree College, CBR, Kannauj (U.P.), IN

Abstract

This paper presents the distribution of heavy metals profile in ground water system during rainy season. In this study, five residential areas (Higher Income Group I-V, Minimum Income Group I-V, Lower Income Group I-V, Juggi Jhopari I-V, and Industrial Area I-V) were chosen and ground water samples were collected to determine the concentrations of heavy metals such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni). In this study, most of the heavy metals concentrations were exceeded to the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) as specified in the WHO standard for drinking water. These results played an important role in order to determine and visualize the location. Hence, these results can help the local authorities to take an action in terms of remediation purpose.

Keywords

Heavy Metals, Ground Water, Pollution, Polluted Water.

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Manish Kumar ¹, Padma S. Vankar ², Neelam Yadav ³, Ranjana Yadav ⁴, Renu Yadav ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, C.C.S. P.G. College, Heorna, Etawah (U.P.), IN
2 F.E.A.T. Lab-I.I.T., Kanpur (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Zoology, C.C.S. P.G. College, Heorna, Ethawah (U.P.), IN
4 N.D. College, Chhibramau (U.P.), IN
5 Department of Zoology, C.C.S. P.G. College, Heorna, Etawah (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Three neem based pesticides viz., Neem Plus, Neemark and Nimba at all the concentrations tested (0.5-2.5%) exhibited feeding effect on lemon butterfly, Papilio demoleus Linn., Feeding deterrency of neem based pesticides increased with increase in the concentration. Among the neem based pesticides tested, azadirachtin rich Neemark exhibited maximum efficacy followed by Nimba and Neem Plus.

Keywords

Papilio demoleus Larvae, Pesticides, Neem, Antifeeding, Azadirachtin.

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Manish Kumar ¹, Padma S. Vankar ², Neelam Yadav ³, Ranjana Yadav ⁴, Renu Yadav ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, C.C.S. P.G. College, Heorna, Etawah (U.P.), IN
2 F.E.A.T. Lab-I.I.T., Kanpur (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Zoology, C.C.S. P.G. College, Heorna, Etawah (U.P.), IN
4 N.D. College, Chhibramau (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Laboratory studies on the antifeeding effect of azadirachtin on the Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fab. showed that neem based pesticide may be efficacious for the control of this insect. Based on the laboratory studies commercial neem pesticides, Nimba, Neemark and Neem Plus against Spodoptera litura Fab. Azadirachtin-rich Neemark proved very effective at deterring feeding of the Spodoptera litura.

Keywords

Neem, Azadirachtin, Pesticides, Spodoptera litura Fab., Neemark.

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Neelam Yadav ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Ranjana Yadav ², Renu Yadav ³, Manish Kumar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, D.A.V. College, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Zoology, N.D. College, Chhibramau (U.P.), IN
3 Department of Zoology, C.C.S. (P.G.) College, Heonra, Etawah (U.P.), IN
4 Department of Chemistry, C.C.S. (P.G.) College, Heonra, Etawah (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Investigation were carried out to scrutinize the effect of different neem based pesticides, viz., Neemazal, Bioneem, Neemgold, Nimbicidine and Achook on germination of cabbage seeds at different concentrations. The effectiveness of the experimental pesticides in respect of seed germination could be arranged in following descending order. Nimbicidine > Bioneem > Neemgold > Neemazal > Achook As regard the phytotoxic effect of neem-based pesticides due to seed treatment, it was found that no such symptom like chlorosis, yellowing, curling or burning of the leaves or other plant parts appeared. This clearly demonstrates that the tested neem based pesticides can safely be used for treating seeds of these crops except Achook.

Keywords

Neem Based Pesticides, Germination, Phytotoxic Effect.

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