Informatics Publishing Limited

Sila Tripati ¹, R. Mani Murali ¹, Jaya Kumar Seelam ¹, Atula Kumar Pradhan ², Rudra Prasad Behera ¹, Richa Choudhury ¹

Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 MGM Museum, Civil Lines, Raipur 492 001, IN

Abstract

The history of Odisha, lying on the east coast of India, is well documented from the Stone Age onwards. The evidences suggest that the ports of Odisha had contacts with the Arabs, Mediterranean countries and South Asia, as well as Southeast Asian countries. Khalkattapatna, a medieval port located on the banks of River Kushabhadra was discovered by archaeological excavations which suggest that between the 13th and 15th centuries it flourished and had contacts with Arabia and China, in addition to other countries. During recent explorations, a number of terracotta ring wells, stamped pottery, Chinese and celadon ware sherds, bricks and brickbats, and terracotta beads were found on the riverbank and in the waters of River Kushabhadra because of erosion of the north bank of the river. Remote sensing images of this region from 1977 to 2014 were analysed to delineate the river mouth and its course. Google Earth images of 2003 and 2011 were also referred to for an understanding of the migration of the northern bank of River Kushabhadra. This note describes the present state of the Khalkattapatna port, causes of erosion, change of north bank of the river course and its consequences.

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Pradeep Kumar Yadav ¹, Richa Choudhury ², Anoop Kumar Verma ³, Mousami Singh ⁴, Raja Rupani ⁵, Sangeeta Kumari ⁴, Rajiv Ratan Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Senior Resident, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, IN
2 Associate Professor, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, IN
3 Professor, King George’s Medical Universities, Lucknow, UP, IN
4 Assistant Professor, King George’s Medical Universities, Lucknow, UP, IN
5 Associate Professor, King George’s Medical Universities, Lucknow, UP, IN

Abstract

Background: Fatal burns and related injuries are major cause of death and disability. There are certain pathological changes such as lungs shows necrotizing pneumonia, congestion of alveolar walls, capillary proliferation, intra alveolar oedema, giant epithelial cells Objective: To study on the cause of death due to burn cases and histopathological changes in north Indian setting. Method: This was a cross-sectional study. All autopsies with history of burn injury were studied to find out the significant histopathological change in lung. Cases was thoroughly studied using specially designed proforma that included demographic profile of deceased, history from relatives, police & hospital records, autopsy findings. Results: The most common cause of death due to burn injury was found to be Sepsis (48.2%) and neurogenic shock (29.5%). On histopathological examination, Congestion in trachea was present in majority 434 (78.9%) cases while Tracheal soot particles were present in only 40 (7.3%) cases. Specimens of 375 cases were available for histopathology out of which 52 (13.9%) specimens were autolyzed. Changes suggestive of Pneumonia (50.1%), Congestion (83.7%), alveolar and interstitial haemorrhage (63.2%) were present in majority of the cases while changes suggestive of alveolar interstitial edema (64.3%), alveolar wall disruption (66.1%), inflammatory cells (55.5%), hyaline membrane (79.7%) and Fibrin strands (79.7) were absent in majority of cases. Capillary dilatation was present in 39.2%. Conclusion: In the present study, an important observation in burn deaths is the Sepsis and Neurogenic shock. Congestion in trachea was most common on histopathological change.

Keywords

Fatal burns, Cause of death, Histopathological change

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