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Asmita Dhyani ¹, Ritu Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, G.b. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Present study assessed the difference in the temperament of adolescents being brought up in foster home and biological nuclear families. SOS Children's Village was the purposively selected foster home for the present study. The sample for the present study comprised of forty five (45) 14-18 year old adolescents from SOS Bhimtal and an equivalent number of respondents from biological nuclear families of Bhimtal itself, thus, making a total of 90 respondents for the present study. Temperament of the adolescents was assessed by administering Dimensions of Temperament Scale by Chadha and Chandan (2005). Results revealed that boys, irrespective of their type of family, were significantly more aggressive and impulsive than their counterparts whereas, girls from both the families were significantly more warm and tolerant than the boys. Comparison of temperament of respondents across their type of family revealed that respondents from foster home were significantly more secretive, responsible, tolerant and tough-minded than their counterparts. On the other hand, respondents from the biological nuclear families were significantly more placid, sociable, reflective and cooperative than those being brought up in the foster home.

Keywords

Temperament, Adolescence, Foster Home, Biological Family; Nuclear Family

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Laitonjam Valentina ¹, Ritu Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, G.b. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to assess the guidence needs of senior secondary school adolescents of Imphal district, Manipur across their family income. For the present study, 30 schools were randomly drawn from a total of 60 schools situated in Imphal East and Imphal West. From the selected schools, 25 per cent of the total adolescents studying in its standard XI were randomly selected as respondents making a total of 651 respondents. The total sample consisted of 272 boys and 379 girls. Selfstructured performa and Guidance Needs Inventory developed by Grewal (1982) were used for the present study. Results revealed that respondents irrespective of their family income exhibited extreme need for guidence in physical, educational and vocational guidence. Least need was exhibited for psychological guidence. Respondents hailing from middle and high class families placed vocational guidence needs on top priority followed by their educational guidence needs. In contrast, among those from low class families, educational guidence needs were rated first and then vocational guidence needs. Interestingly, psychological guidence needs is the last preferred need among the respondents from all the categories. Family income had no significant influence on the guidence needs of respondents and the latter was found to be independent of family income.

Keywords

Guidance Needs, Adolescence, Family Income

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Rajeev Kumar ¹, Nripendra Singh ¹, Ritu Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Pharmacy, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, IN
2 Dept. of Pharmaceutics, R.R.S College of Pharmacy, Amethi, Sultanpur, U.P., IN

Abstract

Biodegradable polymers are a newly emerging field. Biodegradable polymers are useful for various applications in medical, agriculture, drug release and packaging fields.Biodegradable polymers have received much more attention in the last decades due their potential applications in the fields related to environmental protection and the maintenance of physical health. At present only few groups of the mentioned biopolymers are of market importance. The main reason is their price level, which is not yet competitive. The future of each biopolymer is dependent not only on its competitiveness but also on the society ability to pay for it. The future outlook for development in the field of biopolymers materials is promising.To improve the properties of biodegradable polymers, a lot of methods have been developed, such as random and block copolymerization or grafting. These methods improve both the biodegradation rate and the mechanical properties of the final products. Physical blending is another route to prepare biodegradable materials with different morphologies and physical characteristics.To provide added value to biodegradable polymers, some advanced technologies have been applied.

Keywords

Biodegradable Polymers, Biodegradation and Bioerosion, Polyesters, Polyamides, Designing of Biodegradable Polymers Etc.

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Rashmi Upreti ¹, Ritu Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Home Science, P.A.U., Ludhiana, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A.&T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Most of the mobile phones nowadays are addressed as 'smartphone', as they offer more advanced computing power and connectivity than a contemporary mobile phone. Mental health experts are coming the term "smartphone slaves" for those persons who under goes behavioural changes that come with excessive usage of smartphones. In coming years, this addiction is likely to be growing even more common because of the rising demand and access of the smartphones. Surveysanddatareportmgaclearpicturethat smartphones are overpowering man and hence man is day by day becoming slaves of these smartphones. Youths are more susceptible of this addiction, and this addiction in turn harms their health, psychology, communication skills etc. Smartphones excessive usage affecting the face to face communication, replacing the relationships and hence affecting the family functioning. Literature reveals that gender of user has great impact over the usage of smartphones and its selection. Gender is associated with mobile phone involvement. Family support is very much fruitM to fight against the slavery, so, as much as possible keep the addicted person busy and involve them in household activities. Smartphone is an important and useful invention of science, without which it would be hard to survive. So, preventive steps should be taken and phone should be use with in limits.

Keywords

Adolescents, Cell Phones, Gender, Phantom Vibration Syndrome, Smartphone Addiction Therapy.

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Rashmi Upreti ¹, Ritu Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), IN

Abstract

The present research study was aimed at assessing and comparing the type and level of coping strategies among the parents of 150 intellectually disabled children, who were selected from 3 RCI (Rehabilitation Council of India) recognized special schools of Delhi across child’s degree of intellectual disability. Sample was drawn randomly in equal proportions from three categories of intellectual disability namely mild, moderate and severe. The coping strategies of parents were assessed using Family Interview for Stress and Coping in Mental Retardation (Section-II) developed by NIMHANS. The findings of the present study revealed that parents having children with severe intellectual disability had low expectations, more negative attitudes towards child management and rearing practices as compare to parents with mildly and moderately disabled children. Coping strategies among these components were decreasing with the severity of child’s intellectual disability. Overall it was observed that families of mildly challenged children were comparatively better coped up.

Keywords

Attitudes, Expectations, Low Income and Middle Income Families, Mental Retardation, Mental Challenge.

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Kusha Pant ¹, Ritu Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Study, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U. S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Human Development and Family Study, College of Home Science G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U. S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN

Abstract

The present research study was carried out to explore and compare the level of social and emotional maturity of adolescents across occupation of fathers. The sample was comprised of randomly selected 277 students studying in class XI at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. Social Maturity Scale by Rao (1986), Emotional Maturity Scale by Singh and Bharagava (2006) and a self-designed questionnaire were employed to collect data. The result of the study highlighted the significant influence of fathers’ occupation on social and emotional maturity of adolescents. Adolescents of class 1 and class 2 service holders were identified to possess significantly higher level of social and emotional maturity than those of class 3 and class 4 service holders. The findings revealed the importance of father’s occupation in one’s life as adolescents of higher service class were found significantly more personally, inter-personally and socially adequate; emotionally stable and progressive; socially adjusted and independent than their counterparts. Hence, the study suggests that occupational level of father plays an authoritative role in grooming the maturity of an adolescent.

Keywords

Personal Adequacy, Inter-Personal Adequacy, Emotional Progression, Personality Integration, Social Adequacy, Attachment.

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Rashmi Upreti ¹, Ritu Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN
2 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN

Abstract

The present study assessed and compared the type and level of coping stress by the parents of 150 mentally challenged children. The sample for the present study comprised of mothers and fathers of 150 mentally challenged children drawn randomly in equal proportions from two social classes under study viz. LIG and MIG across the three levels of mental retardation. The type and levels of coping stress by parents were assessed using Family Interview for Stress and Coping in Mental Retardation (Part II) developed by NIMHANS. The study revealed that social class had an impact on the level of coping. MIG mothers and fathers were observed to be better coped up. They were found to be more aware regarding child’s condition, adopting better child rearing practices and also had more expectations and better attitudes towards the child’s condition. Interestingly, the predominant reason was better educational level and financial status of MIG families as compared to the LIG.

Keywords

Family Stress, Mental Disability, Mental Retardation, Economic Class, Social Support.

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Kusha Pant ¹, Ritu Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

India has experienced rapid growth and development in the past years. The role played by women in the socio-economic growth of families and the country is significantly visible. Starting from giving birth to a child till holding hands of elders when they need it the most, are two most grateful roles every woman performs to maintain the social health of the family. This article is an effort to emphasize the key role of women in conserving the social health of family. Some guidelines for women to enhance the social health of their loved ones have also been included.

Keywords

Women, Social Health,Family.

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Ritu Singh ¹, Kusha Pant ¹, Amit K. Mishra ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Uttarakhand, IN
2 Amity School of Business, Amity University, Noida, Utter Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Domestic violence refers to violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation. In India, one out of every fourth Indian women is a victim of domestic violence at some point of her life or the other. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (2005) has been passed under Indian Constitution which ensures protection of women against violence of any kind occurring within the family and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. On the face of it, the law appears to be a “shield” or blessing for Indian women who are into abusive or violent relationships. However, another disturbing fact is that at times, women themselves have played an unpleasant and catalytic role in perpetrating violence against another woman like daughter-in-law, mother-in-law or female domestic helps. Second issue is that if it's male dominated society in some parts of India it's also female dominated in few other parts of it. Thirdly, nowadays, males and females both are equally involved in different crimes in the country like theft, murder, abduction etc. In light of all these facts, it can be said that if in most instances domestic violence is perpetrated by man in some instances it can be vice versa too. Instances exist whereby protective legal provisions for the benefit of women have been subjected to distortion and misuse and women have used PWDVA as “weapon” to wreak petty revenge and to settle scores. Deep scrutiny of PWDVA projects that “it” in an attempt towards “women and children welfare”, has granted Indian women an unconditional legal supremacy over men and created a society where men are deprived of their rights of “welfare”. The bottom-line therefore, is the fair incantation of legal provisions and their objective and honest implementation. The responsibility of this lies on the shoulders of we educated and elite group of the society.

Keywords

Marriage, Abuse, Domestic Violence, Women.

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Arti Kumari ¹, Ritu Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies Collage of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttrakhand, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed to decide the effect the birth orders on adolescent's personality among adolescents. The sample for the present study consisted of students is selected from the nearest Schools and colleges of Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. This is selected from all the four groups in every 40 respondents according to parent's employment of G.B.P.U.A&T Pantnagar University. For measurement of adolescent's personality used Multi-Dimensional Assessment of Personality Scale by Vohra (1993). Analysis of data was done by using, mean and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The study revealed that Respondent showed a high significant difference in all the domains of adolescent's personality in the families except in maturity. The domains academic achievement, competition, creativity, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism, innovation, maturity, mental health, morality, self-control, sensitivity, social sufficiency, social warmth and tension with birth order of class I and class II has high level of significant difference as compared to class III and class IV Whereas, adaptability, boldness and leadership among the number of siblings of class III and class IV have a high level of significant difference with respect to birth order. It is recognized by the result that the level of adolescent personality have been affected by the birth order.

Keywords

Adolescents', Birth Order, Adolescent Personality.

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Arti Kumari ¹, Ritu Singh ¹, Manisha Mehra ¹, Amit Kr. Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies Collage of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttrakhand, IN

Abstract

The present study investigated parent-adolescent interaction in families from four different social classes (Class I, Class II, Class III, and Class IV) of G.B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. Families falling under social class I of the university had parent(s) working as Professor and Associate Professor in the university; those falling under social class II had parent(s) working as Assistant Professor or equivalent and Doctor in the university; those falling under social class III had parent(s) working as Accountant, Supervisor, Lab Technician and Clerk in the university and those falling under social class IV had parent(s) working as Attendant, Driver, Peon, CRC laborer, Gardner and Sweeper. Forty adolescents were randomly selected as respondents from each social class of families making a total of 160 adolescent respondents for the present study.Parent-adolescent interaction was assessed through adolescents' perception on it using standardized PCR scale. In the present study it was seen that adolescents from social class I and social class II perceived their parents, both mothers and fathers to be significantly more protecting; demanding; symbolically punitive; symbolic and object reward giving than those from social class III and social class IV On the contrary, adolescents from social class III and social class IV reported their parents, both mothers and fathers to be significantly more rejecting, practicing object punishment, neglecting and indifferent than those belonging to social class I and social class II. Hence, higher the social class of a family, higher or better is the education and economic level of the parents and thereby significantly better is the parent-adolescent interaction.

Keywords

Demanding, Object Reward, Protecting, Symbolically Punishing.

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Arti Kumari ¹, Ritu Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies Collage of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttrakhand, IN

Abstract

The research has been carried out to study the influence of presence of siblings on adolescent personality. The sample of the study comprised of 160 adolescents studying in class 7th to 9th selected purposively from the schools located in Udhamsingh Pantnagar, Uttrakhand. Multi-Dimensional Assessment of Personality Scale by Vohra (1993) and self designed questionnaires were employed to collect the requisite data. The study revealed that adolescents' personality was also seen to differ significantly with their influence of presence of siblings. The domains of personality that is academic achievement, competition, creativity, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism, innovation, maturity, mental health, morality, self-control, sensitivity, social sufficiency, social warmth and tension among class I and class II high significant difference as compared to class III and IV Whereas, adaptability, boldness and leadership among number of siblings of class III and class IV have high level of significant difference with all the classifiednumber of siblings.

Keywords

Adolescents', Sibling, Personality.

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Arti Kumari ¹, Ritu Singh ¹, Manisha Mehra ¹, Amit Kr. Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A.T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

The present study examined differences in the personality of adolescents across their number of siblings. The adolescents for the present study were drawn from four different social classes (Class I, Class II, Class III, & Class IV) of families working in G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. Families falling under social class I of the university had parent(s) working as Professor and Associate Professor in the university; those falling under social class II had parent(s) working as Assistant Professor or equivalent and Doctor in the university; those falling under social class III had parent(s) working as Accountant, Supervisor, Lab Technician and Clerk in the university and those falling under social class IV had parent(s) working as Attendant, Driver, Peon, CRC laborer, Gardner and Sweeper. Forty adolescents were randomly selected as respondents from each social class of families making a total of 160 respondents for the present study. Multi-Dimensional Assessment of Personality Scale was administered to adolescents to assess their personality. The study revealed that be it any family social class, adolescents' personality differs significantly with the number of siblings they have. Adolescents with one or no sibling, irrespective of their family social class, were seen to have significantly higher academic achievement, leadership, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism, innovation, maturity, mental health, morality, self control, self sufficiency, sensitivity, social warmth and tension in comparison adolescents having more siblings. Whereas, adolescents with two or more number of siblings exhibited significantly higher adaptability and competition than adolescents with one or no sibling.

Keywords

Adaptability, General Ability, Innovation, Self Sufficiency.

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Babita Ramdev ¹, Dinesh Kumar Sharma Sharma ², Sangita R. Sharma ³, Sapna Bansal ¹, T. Venugopal ⁴, Ritu Singh ⁴

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Department of E.N.T.GMC, Patiala,, IN
3 ENT Consultant, Department of Anaesthesia, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, IN
4 Post Graduate Student, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Attenuation of stress response during laryngoscopy and intubation has been one of the major concerns of the anaesthetist. Various techniques have been used to suppress this response like deepening the level of anaesthesia and various drugs like β blockers,local anaestheticsetc. In this study Esmolol was used to suppress the stress response. Material and Method: 60 patients undergoing elective ENT surgery under general anaesthesia of ASA grade I and II were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each. Group I (n=30)-Control –no drug was given. Group II (n=30)-patients received pretreatment with Injection Esmolol 0.5mg/kg. Results: The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed with student t-test and Chi square test using ANOVA (analysis of variance). Conclusion: Esmolol attenuates the stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation in the form of increase in pulse rate and blood pressure and that esmolol given 3 minutes before induction provides stable cardiovascular conditions as compared to the control group and attenutates the pressor response but does not obliterate it completely.

Keywords

Esmolol, Stress Response, Laryngoscopy, Intubation.

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Ritu Singh ¹, Karuna Singh ¹, Manjeet Singh Nain ²

Affiliations
1 Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201 301, India, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN

Abstract

The study was aimed at making the pearl millet available in ready-to-eat form to people with some enhanced nutritional and storage properties. A bar was developed through popping processing using pearl millet as main ingredient. It was formulated using dry raw materials (popped pearl millet, popped amaranth, puffed bengal gram, flax seeds, sunflower seeds and raisins), and agglutinative ingredients (sugar and carboxy methyl cellulose). The developed bar was evaluated for proximate composition, nutritional quality, as well as change in moisture, water activity (aw), free fatty acids and peroxide value, textural and sensory attributes, and total microbial load during storage under ambient conditions (25 ± 28.0°C and 65 ± 10% RH) after packaging in high density poly ethylene and metalized-polyester polyethylene pouches for 3 months. The developed bar was found to have 10.84% protein, 4.39% fat and 6.45% dietary fibre. The minerals and vitamins like calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc estimated, were: 58.70, 215.65, 3.17 and 5.13 mg/ 100 g respectively. The metallized pouch film was found suitable for packing popped pearl millet bars with respect to its stability and acceptability, and the product remained chemically and microbiologically safe and stable during entire storage. The development of composite bar using low cost, locally available ingredients were nutri dense and a convenient snack for children and adults.

Keywords

Free Fatty Acid, Nutritional Analysis, Peroxide Value, Popped Pearl Millet Bar, Sensory Evaluation, Storage.

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