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Das, Sourav
- High Cadmium Contamination at the Gateway to Sundarban Ecosystem Driven by Kolkata Metropolitan Sewage in India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, IN
1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 386-391Abstract
Cr, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cu, Co and Fe content in the surface sediments was studied at three sites along a 20 km stretch on the Bidyadhari River (situated at the gateway to Indian Sundarban mangrove ecosystem) starting from the sewage outfall zone of the Kolkata metropolis (northern limit of Sundarban) during the dry (March) and wet (August) seasons in the year 2011. The concentration levels of the heavy metals (mg kg-1) were in the following order: Fe (30399 ± 3679) > Cr (68.16 ± 39.28) > Zn (61.33 ± 10.47) > Ni (32.50 ± 4.79) > Cu (27.67 ± 6.59) > Pb (19.69 ± 5.20) > Co (15.23 ± 4.39) > Cd (1.70 ± 0.63). Computation of pollution load index comprising all the heavy metals was found higher during the wet season, mainly due to the enhanced surface run-off led by monsoonal rain. Concentrations of Cr and Co were found higher than the world average in a few cases (especially during wet season); however, computation of pollution indices like contamination factors, enrichment ratio and geoaccumulation index exhibited extremely high Cd contamination in all the sites and during both seasons.Keywords
Cadmium, Contamination, Heavy Metals, Metropolitan Sewage, Pollution Load Index.Full Text
References
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- Comparing the Spatio-Temporal Variability of Remotely Sensed Oceanographic Parameters between the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal throughout a Decade
Abstract Views :246 |
PDF Views:99
Authors
Sourav Das
1,
Abhra Chanda
1,
Suparna Dey
1,
Sanjibani Banerjee
1,
Anirban Mukhopadhyay
1,
Anirban Akhand
1,
Amit Ghosh
1,
Subhajit Ghosh
1,
Sugata Hazra
1,
D. Mitra
2,
Aneesh A. Lotliker
3,
K. H. Rao
4,
S. B. Choudhury
4,
V. K. Dadhwal
4
Affiliations
1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, IN
2 Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, 4, Kalidas Road, Dehradun 248 001, IN
3 Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 090, IN
4 National Remote Sensing Centre, Balanagar, Hyderabad 500 042, IN
1 School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, IN
2 Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, 4, Kalidas Road, Dehradun 248 001, IN
3 Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 090, IN
4 National Remote Sensing Centre, Balanagar, Hyderabad 500 042, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 627-639Abstract
The spatio-temporal variability of sea-surface temperature (SST), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) was evaluated in the Arabian Sea (ABS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB), from July 2002 to November 2014 by means of remotely sensed monthly composite Aqua MODIS level-3 data having a spatial resolution of 4.63 km. Throughout the time period under consideration, the surface waters of ABS (27.76±1.12°C) were slightly cooler than BoB (28.93±0.76°C); this was observed during all the seasons. On the contrary, the availability of PAR was higher in ABS (45.76±3.41 mol m-2 d-1) compared to BoB (41.75±3.75 mol m-2 d-1), and its spatial dynamics in the two basins was mainly regulated by cloud cover and turbidity of the water column. The magnitude and variability of Chl-a concentration were substantially higher in ABS (0.487±0.984 mg m-3), compared to BoB (0.187±0.243 mg m-3), and spatially higher values were observed near the coastal waters. Both POC and PIC exhibited higher magnitudes in ABS compared to BoB; however, the difference was substantially high in case of POC. None of the parameters showed any significant temporal trend during the 12-year span, except PIC, which exhibited a significant decreasing trend in ABS.Keywords
Marine Ecosystems, Oceanographic Parameters, Remote Sensing, River Basins, Spatio-Temporal Variability.Full Text
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