Informatics Publishing Limited

Sunil Singh ¹, Nitin Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN

Abstract

By the using of MCML circuits, a 4 GB/s clock non-sequential phase detector circuit is designed in a 0.35μm CMOS technology. The power dissipation of proposed phase detector is much smaller than the conventional complementary pass transistor logic (CPL) phase detector. The implemented MCML phase detector consumes 0.7688nW when operating upto 4GHz clock frequency with 3.3V supply voltage. The conventional CPL phase detector consumes 4.7856nW when operating upto 2GHz clock frequency. The modified phase detector can be used in high speed and low power consumption applications.

Keywords

MCML, Phase Locked Loop, Power Consumption, VCO

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Jyoti Rai ¹, Sunil Singh ¹, Inamullah ¹, Nisha Choudhary ¹, Surabhi Sharma ¹, Hemendra Gautam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly (U.P.)

Abstract

A new stability indicating absorption ratio method was developed and validated for the determination of Esomeprazole magnesium (ESO) and Domperidone (DOM) in capsule dosage form. The maximum wavelength (&#955; max) was found to be 299nm for ESO and 287nm for DOM. The iso-absorptive point of both the drug was found to be 290 nm. The linearity range was found to be 1-6 μg ml<SUP>-1</SUP>(r<SUP>2</SUP>= 0.998) and 5-30 &#181;g ml<SUP>-1</SUP>(r<SUP>2</SUP>= 0.999) for ESO and DOM respectively. The value of limit of detection and limit of quantification was 0.116&#181;gml<SUP>-1</SUP> and 0.386&#181;gml-1 for ESO and 0.657&#181;gml<SUP>-1</SUP> and 2.18&#181;gml<SUP>-1</SUP> for DOM respectively. Forced degradations were carried out under acid, base, thermal, photolytic and oxidative stress conditions. The method was satisfactorily validated as per ICH guideline. The result of study showed that the proposed spectrophotometric method is useful for the routine determination of ESO and DOM in its combined pharmaceutical dosage form.

Keywords

Esomeprazole Magnesium, Domperidone, Spectrophotometric Method, Forced Degradation Studies, Absorption Ratio Method

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Nisha Choudhary ¹, Inamullah ¹, Sunil Singh ¹, Jyoti Rai ¹, Surabhi Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University. Bareilly (U.P.)

Abstract

An accurate, specific and precise new Absorption Ratio method was developed for the simultaneous determination of Lansoprazole and Naproxen. The method involved Q-absorption analysis based on the measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths, i. e max of Lansoprazole (284nm) and for Naproxen was (271nm) and Iso-absorptive point of both drugs (275nm). The linearity was found to be 10-35&#181;g/ml (r2 =0·999) for NAP and 5-30&#181;g/ml (r 2 =0·998) for LAN. Validation was performed as ICH guidelines for Linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. The limit of quantification of NAP was found to be 0·15&#181;g/ml and for LAN was 1·7&#181;g/ml. The limit of detection of NAP was found to be 0·04&#181;g/ml and for LAN was 0·5&#181;g/ml. The indicating proposed spectrophotometric method was accurate and precise for estimation of NAP and LAN in tablet dosage form

Keywords

Lansoprazole, Naproxen, Iso-absorptive Point

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Haribansh Narayan Singh ¹, Shivangi Saxena ², Sunil Singh ³, Ajit Kumar Yadav ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, U.P., IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, U.P., IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, U.P, IN

Abstract

Pulsatile drug delivery systems are developed to deliver drug in a programmed manner according to circadian behavior of diseases resulting in improved therapeutic efficacy as well as patient compliance These systems are designed for diseases showing chronopharmacological behavior and where the drug dose is required for extended day time or night time activity or for the drugs having high first pass effect or having site specific absorption in GIT, or for drugs with high risk of toxicity. Diseases wherein Pulsatile drug delivery system are likely to be successful for diseases such as asthma, peptic ulcer, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. The current article focuses on the review of literature concerning the disease requiring Pulsatile drug delivery system and the drugs used in the pulsatile formulations to target diseases.

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Shruti Srivastava ¹, Jatin Jaiswal ¹, Hemendra Gautam ², Sunil Singh ³, Surabhi Sharma ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly, IN

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Medicinal plants play a vital role for the development of new drugs. The extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and the crude drug itself are being used as an anti-ulcer, aphrodisiac, menorrhagic, oral contraceptive, laxative, antifertility, anti-implantation, abortifacient, epilepsy, leprosy, bronchial catarrh and diabetes.

Aim of the study

To establish authenticity, possible to help and distinguish the drug from other species by preliminary pharmacognostical screening of Hibiscus rosasinensis leaves

Material and methods

The plant was extracted with different solvents and the extracts were subjected to different qualitative chemical tests.

Results

The presence of various phytoconstituents was observed during the test such as glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponin and carbohydrates were present in the extracts.

Conclusion

We believe that The investigation carried out by us led to certain findings about the phytochemical features which no doubt can be proved beneficial and serve as scientific background for further isolation steps to obtain the lead compound.

Keywords

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Extraction, Phytochemical Analysis, Maceration.

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Sunil Singh ¹, Nitin Dubey ¹, D. K. Jain ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Pharmacy, IPS Academy, Rajendar Nagar, Indore [Madhya Pradesh], IN

Abstract

Atorvastatin [R-(R*,R*)]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-β, δ-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenyl amino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrole 1-heptanoic acid an Anti-hyperlipidemia and Clopidogrel (2-Chloro phenyl, 6-7 dihydro4H thieno [3,2-c]pyridine-5-yl)acetic acid is an Anti-platelet drug and Aspirin (2-Acetoxy benzoic acid) an NSAIDs. This paper presents two methods i.e. first derivative spectrophotometery and multicomponent spectrophotometery for simultaneous estimation of these three drugs combination in pharmaceutical formulations. The first derivative amplitudes at 276, 226 and 222 nm were utilized for simultaneous estimations. The multicomponent amplitudes at 247, 220 and 235 nm were utilizatied. Proper selection of wavelength for estimations of one drug by other in derivative spectra and multicomponent lead to successful development of methods for simultaneous estimation. The results of analysis were validated statistically that included parameters such as precision, LOD, LOQ, recovery and robustness. Both methods were simple, economical, accurate, reproducible and precise.

Keywords

Simultaneous Determination, Derivative Spectroscopy, Multicomponent Method.

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Sunil Singh ¹, Jay Ram Patel ¹, Sarita Kare ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oriental College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, M.P., IN

Abstract

A simple, accurate, sensitive and precise Ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Piroxicam in tablet dosage form. The solutions of standard and sample were prepared in methanol. In the UV specrophotometric method, the quantitative determination of the drug was carried at 335 nm and the linearity range was found to be 2-12 μg/ml. The calibration graphs constructed at their wavelength of determination were found to be linear for specrophotometric methods. The proposed methods have been extensively validated statistically that included parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, recovery and robustness. There was no significant difference between the performance of the proposed method regarding the mean values and standard deviations. The described methods can be readily utilized for analysis of pharmaceutical formulation.

Keywords

Method Development, Validation, Derivative Spectroscopy, Piroxicam.

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Vikas Bhaskar ¹, ukhpal Singh ¹, Surjeet Kumar ¹, Sunil Singh ², Sundram Mishra ², Shyam Sunder ², Soni ²

Affiliations
1 Nursing College, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, Etawah-206130 UP, IN
2 Nursing College, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, Etawah-206130 UP., IN

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Needle pricks injury (NPI) is the most frequent occupational hazard for nurses and other health care workers (HCWs). It is the commonest route by which blood-borne viruses and/ or infections transmit from patients to healthcare workers. Good knowledge and safe injection practices are important concept for ANM’s. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: (1) To assess the level of knowledge on needle prick injury among ANM’s. (2) To assess level of preventive practice on needle prick injury among ANM’s. (3) To find out the association between knowledge and preventive practice of needle prick injury with selected demographic variable. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study adopts quantitative approach and Non-experimental descriptive exploratory design was used to assess the knowledge and preventive practice of ANMs regarding needle prick injury. The population for the study was registered ANM’s working at sub center level in Etawah district. Probability simple random (lottery method) sampling technique is adopted. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: Study observed that knowledge regarding needle prick injury among ANM’s had a wide range i.e. 40% ANM had good knowledge, 50% ANM had average knowledge. ANM’s Practice observation finds out that majority (40%) ANM were belonging to good practice and 46.66% were belonging to average practice. Study find out that that association of knowledge level in ANM worker is significant with age and work experience (p<0.05). Association of preventive practice level in ANM worker was significant with duration of course (p<0.05).

Keywords

Needle Prick injury, ANM’s, health care workers, occupational hazards, preventive practice etc.

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