Informatics Publishing Limited

Tara Singh

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

Tara Singh

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

Tara Singh

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

Tara Singh

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

Tara Singh

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

Tarun Mishra ¹, Naveen ¹, Indramani L. Singh ¹, Tara Singh ¹, Trayambak Tiwari ¹

Affiliations
1 Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In daily life we usually scan the environment in terms of critical events over non-critical events. The ability to detect and maintain attention for extended periods of time is referred as sustained attention or vigilance. The present study examined the effect of visual warning cue on sustained attention task performance. Twenty undergraduate students of Banaras Hindu University were randomly assigned mto two different experimental conditions. A 2 (warning cue: No warning, warning cue) x 4 (Block: 10 minute each) mixed factorial design with repeated measure on last factor was used. Super Lab software was used to design and conduct successive go/no-go visual sustained attention task. Reaction time, correct detection and incorrect detection were recorded as dependent measures. Findings revealed that participants took less time to respond, when warning cue was preceded the target. However, rate of correct detection and false alarm scores did not differ significantly under both conditions. Real world application of this research includes traffic system, system that requires operators to sustain attention to complex tasks while receiving and responding to warning.

Keywords

Attention, Vigilance, Warning Cue, Reaction Time, Correct Detection, Incorrect Detection.

Full Text

     

Mohammad Ayoob ¹, Tara Singh ¹, Maryam Jan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, IN
2 Department of Distance Education, University of Kashmir, Kashmir, IN

Abstract

No previous studies have examining gender difference in acculturative stress and coping among college students in within country context. The present study explored gender difference in acculturative stress and coping among Kashmiri college students who migrated to Bhopal, Central India for receiving education. The sample consists of 219 college students (male = 52.10%, female = 47.90%; mean age = 23.30 years, SD = 1.70) completed self reported measures of acculturative stress and coping. The finding of the study revealed that female participants reported higher acculturative stress in comparison to their male counterparts. There were gender differences in reported coping strategies. Focused on the positive coping and tension reduction coping was the most frequently used coping strategies for male students, whereas for female students, self-blame coping was most frequently employed coping strategy.  Implications for reducing the effect of acculturative stress among Kashmiri college students and future research directions are discussed. 

Keywords

gender, Acculturative Stress, Coping.

Full Text

     

Mohammad Ayoob Lone ¹, Tara Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Govt. Degree College Boys Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pardesh, IN

Abstract

This study examined the relationship of acculturative stress and coping strategies in a sample of 219 Kashmiri college students (52.10% male; 47.90% female; mean age = 23.30 years, SD = 1.70) who migrated to Bhopal for study purpose. Measures used were Social, Attitudinal, Familial and Environmental Scale and Ways of Coping Questionnaire. One way analysis of variance revealed significant difference between coping behavior of participants with three levels of acculturative stress in terms of problem-focused coping, wishful thinking and self-blame coping. Result of regression analysis showed that acculturative stress was positively related to different coping strategies. Implications for reducing the effect of acculturative stress among Kashmiri college students and future research directions are discussed.

Keywords

Acculturative Stress, Coping Strategies, Students.

Full Text

     

Tara Singh ¹, Karandeep Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

A lot of technologies revolution are driving rapid increase in data generation and data gathering. This is why big data is today's buzzword in every science and engineering domain. Big Data is similar to small data but bigger in size. Big data is not being greater than certain number of petabytes or terabytes. This can be assumed technology expands over time and data set size which is assumed as Big Data will also increases. Data is increasing day by day exponentially so today data is increased beyond the storage capacity of traditional databases. To process and analyze such datasets which cannot be stored in traditional databases Big Data tool like Hadoop is used. This paper will discuss the introduction, characteristics and various tools used to process and analyze big data.

Keywords

Big Data, Data Types, Volume, Velocity, Traditional Data, Sources, Hadoop, MapReduce, HDFS, Tools.

Full Text

   

Vatsal P. Pandey ¹, Tara Singh ¹, S. K. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Science Lab, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Hypothyroidism has been associated with various neuropsychological issues that range from general mental dysfunction to specific cognitive domains such as memory, working memory, attention, visuospatial functions and language. These neuropsychological issues or deficits are found, in some cases, reversible while in some cases permanent, the current article reviewed various studies which have taken up these issues. The article starts with a brief introduction which throws light on endocrinological underpinnings of the thyroid gland with a brief reference to symptoms, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of thyroid hypo-function. Later, the article gives an overview of the prevalent research methodology used in this area of research. Further, the article discusses various types of neurocognitive deficits present in thyroid hypo-function followed by a discussion on their reversibility pattern. Following this, the article discusses the impact of thyroid hormone on brain and makes an attempt to delineate neuroanatomical correlates of thyroid hypo-function and neurocognitive deficits. Lastly, the article discusses how mood can be a potential confounder while establishing an association between neurocognitive deficits and thyroid hypo-function. The article concludes by discussing various limitations seen in the studies reviewed and identifies prospective areas for further research.

Keywords

Hypothyroidism, Cognitive Deficit, Reversibihty, Thyroid and Brain.

Full Text

     

Chandani Mehta ¹, Tara Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Global epidemic of obesity is one of the largest public health problems in the world. Obesity is related to a number of co-morbid conditions which lead to disability and early death. Failure to self-regulation, such as to make plans, choose from alternatives, control impulses, inhibit unwanted thoughts and regulate social behaviour, is considered as an important cause of obesity and related co-morbid conditions. The present study sought to examine the relationships of self- regulation skills, general health and weight conditions. Participants (Obese=29, Overweight=29, Normal weight=28) were administered the Self Regulation Scale (SRS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) to assess level of their self-regulatory skills and general health problems of people with different weight conditions. Results indicated that participants with higher weight conditions scored significantly lower on self-regulation and reported poor health. Also, obese participants displayed relative deficit in self regulation compared to overweight and normal weight participants. Overall findings revealed crucial role of Body Mass Index (BMI) in both self regulation skills and co-morbid psychological problems.

Keywords

Psychological Problems, Self-Regulation, Obesity.

Full Text

     

Pooja Rai ¹, Tara Singh ¹, Indramani L. Singh ¹, Trayambak Tiwari ¹

Affiliations
1 Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Human brain aging is a complex process, involving changes in anatomy, physiology and cognition. The process which actively suppresses task-irrelevant response for task-appropriate responses is referred as response inhibition. Older adults have particular deficiencies in the inhibitory attentional control mechanisms that serve to prevent or stop the processing of task-irrelevant stimuli (i.e., distraction). The present study examined differences in the performance of the young and older adults on tasks evaluating response inhibition by using a distracter-response binding flanker task. The sample comprised of 10 young (Age range: 18-35 years) and 10 older adults (Age range: 55-65 years) and the responses of the participants were taken across congruent and incongruent conditions. Results were discussed in terms of accuracy and reaction time measures for young and older adults. ANOVA was performed to investigate whether there was a significant difference in response inhibition between young and older adults.

Keywords

Age-Related Decline, Accuracy, Response Inhibition, Reaction Time.

Full Text

     

Chandani Mehta ¹, Tara Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The number of people around the world with greater than their ideal body weight is increasing. The notion of perfect body that media has been portraying for the past 4 decades is in contradiction with the epidemic of overweight and obesity globally. The presence of an imbalanced diet and sedentary life-style promotes overweight and obesity alongside with numerous other factors. Role of self-regulation, in this regard, is of great importance. An important cause of obesity is poor self regulation. Self-regulation enables people to make plans, choose from alternatives, control impulses, inhibit unwanted thoughts and regulate social behaviour. It has been found that due to low self regulation obese people face problem in controlling eating behaviour which results in overeating as well as high energy intake and less energy expenditure leading to excess weight gain. Although many proposals for this phenomenon have been put forth by the researchers, the underlying relationship between obesity and self regulation is not yet clear. Understanding this interaction of obesity and self regulation should help prevent and treat obesity.

Keywords

Self-Regulation, Obesity, Overweight.

Full Text

     

Priyesh Kumar Singh ¹, Tara Singh ², I. L. Singh ², V. N. Mishra ³

Affiliations
1 Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are epilepsy like episodes which have an emotional rather than organic origin and thought to reflect emotional disturbance. Research on etiology of PNES suggests the role of multiple psychiatric and neurological factors. However, the psychopathology of PNES is poorly understood. Some studies have suggested a number of psychological disorders which has overlapping symptoms with PNES. Conversion disorder, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression to name a few, are the common co-morbid condition with PNES. Present study aimed at examining and comparing various psychiatric problems among PNES, epileptic and healthy control. For this purpose 60 participants, PNES (n=20), epilepsy (n=20), and healthy control (n=20) were recruited from department of neurology of Sir Sunder Lal hospital. Participants were administered with Symptoms Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) and responses were obtained on three administrations, each with PNES, epileptic and healthy control separately. Results revealed statistically higher level of psychiatric problem among PNES individuals in comparison to epilepsy and healthy control. It was concluded that psychiatric problem are more prevalent among PNES patients and health professionals should consider the psychiatric dimension during diagnosis and treatment of PNES.

Keywords

Etiology, Seizures, Psychiatric Disorders, Epilepsy, Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures.

Full Text

     

Priyesh Kumar Singh ¹, Tara Singh ¹, Vijay Nath Mishra ², Ranjeet Kumar Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Institute of Medical Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are episodes of altered movement, sensation or experience which are similar to epilepsy but caused by psychological process and not associated with abnormal discharges in the brain. Because of its somatic and psychiatric manifestation it neither falls in medical nor in mental health domain. Mostly, PNES are trequently misdiagnosed as epileptic seizures which risks patient's life. The global prevalence of PNES is estimated to about 2-33%/100,000 per year. Moreover, patient referred to epilepsy care unit of which 5 to 33% are PNES, 10 to 40% (PNES) of refractory seizures, among which mostly are women (75%) with age range of 20 to 30 years. Diagnosis of PNES is complicated by possible co-morbidity with epilepsy and other somatic co-morbidities like chronic pain, headache, sleep disturbances, asthma, obesity and other psychiatric disorders. The gold standard to diagnose patient of PNES is video-encephalography (V-EEG) although it has pitfalls. No single mechanism of event or contributing factor has been identified to be necessary to explain PNES, usually it is assumed as an unintentional manifestation of emotional distress which can be explained on the basis of neurophysiological, psychological and social base. Till now no accepted protocol for the treatment of PNES exists because of varied underlying mechanism that have triggered PNES and which do exist is not for long period and ditfers individually. The future suggested treatment intervention should include these three arms i.e. neurological, cognitive- behavioural andpsychopharmacological intervention.

Keywords

Etiology, Seizures, Psychiatric, Epilepsy.

Full Text

     

Vishal Yadav ¹, Tarun Mishra ¹, Trayambak Tiwari ¹, Tara Singh ¹, Indramani L. Singh ¹, Anju Lata Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Vasanta Kanya Mahavidhyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IN

Abstract

The present study was intended to explore the effect of time durations on time perception using prospective judgment of time paradigm. The dual task paradigm was used for the study. The primary task was intended to estimate elapsed time while performing the executive task and secondary task was design to measure executive performance. A reproduction method was used to estimate the time judgment of the participants. Thirty five students from Banaras Hindu University were taken as participants with age ranged from of 20 to 26 years (21.51 years, SD=1.50). Ratio and Absolute error was derived from observed reproduction of time and considered as dependent measure. The findings reveled that Accuracy of time estimation is better under short time duration in comparison to medium and long time duration. Further, it was also found that participants underestimated the period of time-on- task more under longer duration condition in comparison to medium and short time duration of executive task.

Keywords

Time Perception, Prospective Judgment, Reproduction, Duration, Executive Task.

Full Text

     

Pooja Rai , Indramani L. Singh ¹, Tara Singh ¹, Trayambak Tiwari ², Deepika Joshi ³

Affiliations
1 Professor, Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, IN
3 Professor, Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, IN

Abstract

Context: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by degeneration of the dopaminesynthesizing cells of the mesostriatal-mesocortical neuronal pathway,which affects motor pathway in basal ganglia (BG). Neuropsychological studies showed that degeneration of dopamine neuroreceptor also affects nigrostriatal and mesocortical limbic system which is associated with emotional processing in PD. However, very few studies have identified deficit in selective attention in patients with PD patients except in patients with PD-MCI (PD-Mild Cognitive Impairment) or PD-D (PD-Dementia). Thus, the present study examined the effect of emotion on attentional processing in PD and matched control. Emotional flanker task was designed by using pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) based on their normative valence ratings. Results revealed that attentional processing of emotional images were slower in PD patients in comparison to matched healthy control.

Keywords

Attention, Emotion, Parkinson.

Full Text