Informatics Publishing Limited

C. Latha ¹, C. J. Anu ¹, V. J. Ajaykumar ¹, B. Sunil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur-680651, Kerala, IN

Abstract

Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium in meat and meat products using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
Materials and Methods: The assay combined an enrichment step in tryptic soy broth with yeast extract formulated for the simultaneous growth of target pathogens, DNA isolation and multiplex PCR. A total of 1134 samples including beef (n=349), chicken (n=325), pork (n=310), chevon (n=50), and meat products (n=100) were collected from different parts of Kerala, India. All the samples were subjected to multiplex PCR analysis and culture-based detection for the four pathogens in parallel.
Results: Overall occurrence of L. monocytogenes was 0.08 % by cultural method. However, no L. monocytogenes was obtained by multiplex PCR method. Yersinia enterocolitica was obtained from beef and pork samples. A high prevalence of S. aureus (46.7%) was found in all types of meat samples tested. None of the samples was positive for S. Typhimurium.
Conclusion: Multiplex PCR assay used in this study can detect more than one pathogen simultaneously by amplifying more than one target gene in a single reaction, which can save time and labor cost.

Keywords

Food Borne Pathogens, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevalence.

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S. B. Narayanan ¹, V. J. Ajaykumar ¹, Bhanu Rekha ¹, Nithya Quintoil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Street food is a major attraction for tourists and natives of Puducherry and its popularity can be attributed to its variety and affordability. This study was undertaken to assess the critical control points for the street food available in Puducherry. Information was collected by interview and observation. Thirty outlets were visited and information on demographic data on vendors and hygienic practices during the production and dispensing of food items was collected. Drinking water and hand wash samples of vendors were collected and subjected to microbial analysis. It was found that 26.7 per cent were not aware of licensing and only one respondent had FSSAI registration. Raw leafy vegetables were not washed by 56.7 per cent vendors. Most of vendors (93.3 %) were handling food and collecting cash at same time, 70 per cent without washing hands in between. Same person handled food and waste at 73.3 per cent of shops, half of them only washed hands in between. Presence of coliforms were detected in 40 per cent of the drinking water samples and 100 per cent of hand wash water samples, indicating gross contamination. Results of study indicated that, handling of cash and food without washing hands in between, handling food as well as waste by same person at a time, less availability of quality water and use of unwashed raw leafy vegetables as critical control points of street food hygiene in Puducherry. The results show the need for bringing street food vendors together at different points in city so that availability of quality water and proper waste disposal can be ensured to improve the quality of street food. Also training these vendors in hygienic food preparation and handling is a must to overcome the lacunae in their existing knowledge level. Strict implementation of licensing for street food in Puducherry is essential to ensure food safety in street foods.

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