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K. P. Tiwari , V. Parthasarathy

Abstract

An investigation with three different methods namely Distance method, Fixed plot and Point sampling method for the estimation of basal area and tree count was made in Sal (Snorea robusta) forests of Doon Valley. The population consisted of Sal trees of 20 cm dhh and above. In distance methods the distance upto 6th to 10th tree from a systematically selected sample point was taken as plot size as against 0.1 ha fixed plot size. The results show that 10th tree method and point sampling method are suitable for such moderately clustered populations.

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K. P. Tiwari , V. Parthasarathy

Abstract

Investigations on optimum plot size for tropical dry deciduous forests of East Karimnagar Division Andhra Pradesh was undertaken with three circular plot sixes of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 ha on 38 plots in each case. Basal area, volume and tree count were obtained for all the three plot sizes and the SE % were compared. It was found that 0.1 ha circular plot size is optimum from all considerations and is recommended for use in similar forest types for forest inventory purposes.

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D. Kilimozhi ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, N. Amuthavalli ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Radiology, Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In the present study, the anti-arthritic effect of oral administration of ethanolic extract of Delonix elata on Freund's adjuvant induced arthritis has been studied in Wistar albino rats. The loss of body weight during the arthritic condition was corrected on treatment with ethanolic extract of Delonix elata at 250 and 500 mg.kg^-1 body weights. The swelling of the paws during the secondary lesions was also markedly reduced on treatment with ethanolic extract of Delonix elata and this results was confirmed using radiographic analysis and the changes in the density of Hind Limb Bone Mass (HLBM) was measured using photodensitometer and aluminium step wedge. The HLBM was significantly reduced on treatment with ethanolic extract (250 and 500 mg·kg^-1 body weight) of Delonix elata and standard drug Indomethacin (10 mg·kg^-1). From the result we observed that the ethanolic extract of Delonix elata possess potent anti-arthritic activity.

Keywords

Delonix elata, Anti-Arthritic, Freund's Complete Adjuvant, Photodensitometer, Aluminium Step Wedge.

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A. Alagu Sundarapandian ¹, S. Palani ¹, R. Paul Lingaprakash ¹, M. Selvam ¹, V. Parthasarathy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai – 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech Multitech, Avadi, Chennai – 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Gear measurement is an important as well as critical step and it is done in bench centers by using instruments which have a gear with mandrel. However, this method is found to be time consuming. In addition it is very difficult to execute this process without additional man power. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In the existing method of measurement using bench centers includes a surface table which contains head, dead center. In this proposed measuring machine we introduced a digital dial indicator arrangement to measure whole depth of the gears. Findings: It reduces the measuring time as well as man power required. In this proposed research work, an attempt has been made to reduce the time taken in measuring the whole depth, face out and run out in gears from 10 minutes to 7 minutes that is 30% reduction. Application/Improvements: Thus proposed method would be well matches for modern gear manufacturing industries to obtain micron level measurement in terms of time as well as man power consumption.

Keywords

Designing, Gear, Metrology, Precision Measurement

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G. Saravana Kumar ¹, V. Parthasarathy ², E. Praveen Kumar ¹, S. Thiyagarajan ¹, S. Siva Saravana Babu ¹, S. Sudhakar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of CSE, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Among a gamut of evolving domains in medicine exchange of medicinal data and images amid multiple entities constitutes a pivotal aspect for telemedicine. An effective bandwidth allocation and management scheme is essential to accomplish the telemedicine communication requirements. This necessitates the requisite to develop and implement a compression and encryption scheme for medical images. Methods: This paper recapitulates the diverse transformation techniques employed in compression and identifies the constraints associated with the techniques. This paper summarizes the comparison of encryption methods such as Rivest Cipher 4(RC4), Rivest Cipher 2(RC2) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) in terms of time consumed to complete encryption and decryption operations. Findings: This paper considers Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Compression Ratio (CR) as performance measures and establishes the proposed algorithms's effectiveness over Set Partitioning Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT). Application: This algorithm can be utilized for medical image compression, transfer and archiving operations.

Keywords

Compression Ratio (CR), Data Encryption Standard (DES), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Rivest Cipher 4(RC4), Rivest Cipher (RC2), Set Partitioning Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT)

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G. Saravana Kumar ¹, V. Parthasarathy ², E. Praveen Kumar ¹, S. Thiyagarajan ¹, S. Siva Saravana Babu ¹, S. Sudhakar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai - 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of CSE, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai - 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: In multimedia data communication environment a trade-off shall be opted between power, spectrum needs and wireless channel capacity in Global System for Mobile, Long Term Evaluation, and Wireless Local Area Networks applications. Multi-Input Multi-Output antenna elements display a high degree of similarity and it leads to efficacy reduction in multi user milieu. Methods: This paper investigates and presents a condensed 2-port coax fed multiband MIMO antenna for 4G applications. The proposed MIMO antenna possesses dimensions of 45mm×50mm×0.4mm³ and comprises two layers, a rectangular patch, a pair of small-N shaped strips, two G-shaped monopole structures and L-shaped slots. An array of three resonant frequencies is opted for exciting the proposed design with the values of 1.8GHz, 2.5GHz and 5GHz. The methodology exhibits an adaptable frequency selecting with the ability to neutralize the impact of the other frequency. Findings: The implemented design accomplishes a high efficiency rates for LTE-Advanced, WiMAX and Wi-Fi applications 71.80%, 72.28% and 85.74%. Applications/Improvements: Fabrication with a suitable FR4 substrate material is used in the design of the coax fed multiband MIMO antenna. For future enhancements, the radiation pattern and reflection coefficient of an antenna shall be assessed.

Keywords

Global System for Mobile, Multi-Input Multi-Output Antenna, Long Term Evaluation, Wireless Local Area Networks

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N. J. Merlin ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, R. Manavalan ¹, P. Devi ², R. Meera ²

Affiliations
1 Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai-625107, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a pivotal defense against the occurrence of cancer and is essential to metazoans in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Apoptosis exhibits a distinctive phenotype and involves elimination of potentially deleterious cells. Many diseases have been associated with aberrantly regulated apoptotic cell death, ultimately leading to inhibition of apoptosis and propagation of diseases such as cancer. This review highlights the significance of apoptosis, molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and various methods of causing cell death.

Keywords

Apoptosis, Programmed Cell Death, Significance, Mechanisms, Caspases, Bcl-2 Family.

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D. Kilimozhi ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, R. Manavalan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present work was carried out to analyse the active constituents present in the ethanolic extract of Delonix elata (L.)  Gamble (Family:Caesalpiniaceae) and Clerodendrum phlomidis.L, (Family:Verbenaceae) by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty two compounds were identified in ethanolic extract of Delonix elata and twenty three compounds were identified in ethanolic extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis. The prevailing compound in Delonix elata was identified as Hexadecenoic acid, Z-11-(22.37%) and the prevailing compound in Clerodendrum phlomidis was identified as n-Hexadecanoic acid (28.7%). The identity and quantity of the measured active principles was correlated with the therapeutic effects of the studied herbs.

Keywords

Delonix elata, Clerodendrum phlomidis, GC-MS, Hexadecenoic Acid, Z-11-, N-Hexadecanoic Acid.

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N. J. Merlin ¹, V. Parthasarathy ¹, R. Manavalan ¹, P. Devi ², R. Meera ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, K. M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai-625107, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K. M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai-625107, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the anti inflammatory, anti bacterial and anti fungal activity of of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract obtained from Gmelina asiatica. All the extracts were prepared from aerial parts of Gmelina asiatica by hot percolation method in soxhlet apparatus. All extracts of Gmelina asiatica were tested for antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The Antibacterial and Anti fungal effect produced by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract were comparable to that of Amikacin and Griseofulvin. The Chloroform extract was found to be more effective and showed Anti bacterial and antifungal activity against the entire organism tested. All the extracts at dose concentration (500 mg/kg) were screened for antimicrobial activity. The ethanolic extract of Gmelina asiatica at (250 and 500 mg/kg) concentrations exhibited anti inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced rat paw oedema, histamine induced odema, dextran induced odema and cotton pellet induced granuloma method, and the results are compared to that of standard drug Indomethacin. The results were found to be significiant (P<0.001) when compared to control.

Keywords

Gmelina asiatica, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Indomethacin, Antimicrobial Activity, Amikacin, Anti Fungal Activity, Griseofulvin.

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