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Rakesh Kumar , Mehtab Parveen , Anil Kumar , Waseem Rizvi

Abstract

Objective: To screen the potential antifilarial activity of petroleum and alcoholic extracts prepared from fruit of Diospyros montana. Materials and Methods: In vitro study was carried out to see the effect of extracts on both the whole worm(w.w). preparation and nerve muscle (n.m) preparation of Setaria cervi, on the survival of microfilariae. Results: Petroleum extract produced initial stimulation followed by reversible paralysis in whole worm The initial stimulation is not seen with petroleum extract on nerve muscle preparation. The alcoholic extract caused reversible paralysis in whole worm whereas irreversible in nerve muscle preparation. Conclusion: Fruit of D. montana was found to possess potential antifilarial activity.

Keywords

Antifilarial, Screening, Diospyros Montana, Setaria

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Sangeeta P. Bhat ¹, Waseem Rizvi ¹, Anil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, IN

Abstract

Our objective was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cuminum cyminum L. (C.cyminum) seeds. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C.cyminum seeds were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. Acute toxicity study was performed as per OECD-425 Guidelines and doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of each extract were selected. Swiss Albino mice were used for Acetic-acid induced writhing method and Wistar Albino rats for Eddy's hot plate, Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and Cotton-pellet granuloma methods. The animals were divided into 6 groups (n=6). Group 1 (Distilled water), Group 2 (Standard drug), Group 3 (Aqueous, low dose), Group 4 (Aqueous, high dose), Group 5 (Ethanolic, low dose) and Group 6 (Ethanolic, high dose). Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was analyzed using ANOVA with post-hoc Dunnett's test. Both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed highly significant analgesic activity in Acetic-acid induced writhing, while the ethanolic extracts, were effective only in Eddy's hot plate method. Both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and Cotton-pellet granuloma models when compared to the control group. In conclusion, the aqueous extracts of C.cyminum seeds show predominantly anti-inflammatory activity while the ethanolic extracts show predominantly analgesic activity. However, further evaluation is required for analysis of phytochemical constituents involved in its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

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Waseem Rizvi , Anil Kumar , Rakesh Kumar , Nakhat Haider

Abstract

The aqueous extract of Bark of Plumeria. alba was tested for its effect on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm (w.w) preparation and nerve muscle (n.m) complex of Setaria cervi a cattle filarial parasite, and on the survival of microfilariae . The aqueous extract could inhibit the spontaneous movements of S.cervi , characterized by initial stimulation followed by reversible paralysis. The concentration required to produce similar effect on nerve muscle complex was less as compared to the whole worm. The lethal concentration 50 (LC ₅₀ ) and lethal concentration 90 (LC ₉₀ ) for aqueous extract were 80 ng/ml and 105 ng/ml respectively.

Keywords

Plumeria alba, Antifilarial Activity.

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