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R. K. Choudhary , V. K. Garg , K. P. Asathi , Yogesh Patel

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Vinod Kumar Garg , Yogesh Patel

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Yogesh Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Ganj-Basoda, Vidisha M.P., IN

Abstract

A field trial were conducted in two crop seasons (Kharif) during 2005-06 and 2006-07 with american cotton veriety, JK-4 to study the bioefficacy of six insecticides against bollowrms of cotton. A newer insecticides of Avermectine class, Emamectin benzoate 5 WSG @ 9.8 g ai/ha was found most effective spray, giving maximum reduction in population and registered maximum increase in yield over control, net profit and relatively safer against potent predator of cotton bollworms. However, Spinosad 45 SC @ 100 g ai/ha and Lamadahalothrin 5 EC @ 25 g ai/ha were found next effective. The result revealed that Emamectin benzoate 5 WSG 9.8 g ai/ha and Spinosad 45 SC @ 100 g ai/ha were good substitute for conventional insecticides, which can be incorporated in the intergrted pest management strategy to achieve the desired control against cotton bollworms

Keywords

Cotton, Bollworm, Efficacy, Insecticide, Biorational

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Yogesh Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, College of Agriculture, Ganj-Basoda, Vidisha M.P., IN

Abstract

Effect of environmental factors on the population of aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton variety JK-4 were studied during two consecutive cropping seasons of Kharif 2005-06 and 2006-07. The cotton aphid, A. gossipii was first noticed in the 27th SMWi.e. first week of July during both the years of study and remained up 47th SMWi.e. 4th week of November. The peak population 32.33 aphids / 3 leaves was observed during 33rd SMWi.e. 3rd week of August. The correlation study revealed that the aphid population had a significant negative correlation with maximum temperature (r=-0.531) and positive with minimum temperature (r=0.654), morning relative humidity (r=0.665), evening relative humidity (r=0.662) and wind velocity (r=0.654). Further multiple regressions computed for combined effect of eleven environmental factors on aphid population was Y=-31.861 -1.456X1 +1.152X2 +0.557X3 +0.216X4 -0.146X5 +1.106X6 -0.118X7 -0.858X8 +8.314X9 -3.726X10 -4.241X11 (R2=0.907). Path analysis worked out also supported the above findings. The results revealed that cotton aphid population had the positive and highest direct effect on aphid population followed by wind velocity, morning relative humidity, minimum temperature, rainy days and evening relative humidity while spider population, green lacewing population, maximum temperature, and rainy day in a week had negative effect on aphid population.

Keywords

Aphis Gossypii, Gossypium Hirsutum, Population Dynamics, Environmental Factors, Cotton

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P. K. Jaga ¹, Yogesh Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 JNKVV, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Ganjbasoda Dist.-Vodisha-464221 (MP), IN

Abstract

Plants nutrients supply from the chemical fertilizer is the key to increasing agriculture production by enhancing the land productivity. However, the demand-supply gap of fertilizers in India has increased in recent times, thereby leading to increased dependency on imports. India imports which were about 2 million tonnes in early parts of 2000 increased to 10.2 million tonnes of fertilizers in 2008-09.In view of importance of fertilizers in agriculture growth and the possibility of an emerging demand-supply gap, there is need to forecast future demand. The paper begins with an overview of fertilizer consumption trends and then identifies important determined of fertilizers in India in 2020-21. India is the second largest consumption in the world after China, consuming about 26.5 million tonnes. However, average intensity of fertilizer use in India remains much lower than most countries in the world but is highly skewed with wide inter-regional, inter-state and inter-district variations. The results show that non-price factors such as irrigation, high yielding varieties were more important than price factors in influencing demand for fertilizers. Of the two price policy instruments, affordable fertilizers prices and higher agricultural commodity prices, the former is more powerful in influencing fertilizer demand. The paper suggested that in order to ensure self-sufficiency in agricultural production in the country, availability of fertilizers at affordable prices should be prioritized over higher output prices. By 2020 fertilizer demands in the country is projected to increase to about 4106 million tones and is expected to grow at a faster rate in eastern and southern region compared with north and west. To meet the increasing fertilizer requirement of the country a conducive and stable policy environment availability of raw materials capital resources and price incentives will play a critical role.

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Yogesh Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 B.M. College of Agriculture, J.N.Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Khandwa -474002 (M.P.), IN

Abstract

An in vitro studied on the relative susceptibility against Sitophilus oryzae (Lin) was carried out in eighteen verities of wheat. The varieties were screened by no choice and free choice test separately and replicated four times. In free choice test hundred pairs of adults were released in each variety. Number of adult oriented in each variety was counted. Significantly minimum number of adult was oriented in variety HUW-552 (3.1) and significantly higher number in variety HD-2285 (13.6). In no choice test five pairs of adults were inoculated in each variety. Adult emergence, total development period and sex ratio were computed. Total developmental period ranged from 32.2 days in DL- 806 to 37.6 day in Lok-1. The number of adult emerged was significantly ranged from 1.7 (Raj-4000) to 12.0 (PBW-468). The sex ratio male (1): female ranged from 0.75 (Raj-4000) to 1.75 (GW-273). The variety Raj-4000 expressed hindrance to orientation and emergence of pest and took a more time for development of Sitophilus oryzae L and therefore found relatively least susceptible. It was followed by HUW-522 and HI-8381. However, HI-8498 showed relatively susceptible response.

Keywords

Sitophilus oryzae Lin., Susceptibility, Free choice, No choice, Sex ration, Orientation, Emergence, Total developmental period.

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Yogesh Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 B.M. College of Agriculture, J.N.Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Khandwa - 474 002 (M.P.), IN

Abstract

Botanicals, Azadirachta indica A. juss. (neem) leaves and mango ginger (Curcuma amada) rhizome in powder form were applied in three doses at 1,3 and 5 gm/kg grain for testing their efficacy against Sitophilus oryzae under free choice and no choice test. Both the botanical were found effective. Mango ginger rhizome powder was fond most effective, which hinders the orientation of Sitophilus oryzae L and gave maximum mortality and reduced the emergence of the adult beetles.

Keywords

Azadirachta indica, Curcuma amada, Sitophilus Oryzae, Stored wheat

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