Informatics Publishing Limited

Igbekele O.J ¹, Zhimwang J. T. ², Ogherohwo E. P. ¹, Kwaha B.J. ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, University of Jos, NG
2 Department of Physics, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NG

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of altitude and weather conditions on the performance of cellular networks through a detailed analysis of empirical data. The study examines multiple parameters including threshold levels, fade margins, download speeds, packet loss percentages, and mobile Signal Quality Index (SQI) under varying altitudes and weather scenarios. Altitude variations are explored in relation to signal propagation and quality, revealing nuanced effects on fade margins and signal strength. Weather conditions, particularly rainy weather, are shown to significantly impact quality of service, leading to decreased download speeds, higher packet loss rates, and reduced mobile SQI. The findings highlight the importance of fade margins in ensuring reliable communication, with higher values indicating greater resilience to signal degradation. Despite variations in altitude and weather, mobile SQI remains relatively stable, suggesting that the network maintains acceptable service quality levels for users. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between environmental factors and cellular network performance, providing valuable insights for network operators and engineers in optimizing network design and maintenance strategies. Further research in this area could focus on developing predictive models to anticipate network performance based on altitude and weather forecasts, ultimately enhancing user experience and service reliability in diverse geographic regions.

Keywords

Altitude, Weather conditions, Cellular network, Quality of Service, Download speeds, Packet loss, Mobile Signal Quality Index (SQI), Rain attenuation and Network optimization

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Ojoba C.K. ¹, Zhimwang J. T. ², Ogherohwo E. P. ³, ENAIBE E. ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, College of Education Warri, NG
2 Department of Physics, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NG
3 Department of Physics, University of Jos, NG
4 Department of Physics, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, NG

Abstract

This study explores the impact of elevation angle on Cross Polarization Discrimination (XPD) in telecommunication systems, as evidenced by data collected under varying rain conditions. The study examines XPD values at elevation angles of 40⁰ and 60⁰ degrees across different rain classifications and intensities. Analysis of the data reveals that increasing the elevation angle generally leads to improvements in XPD, indicating enhanced discrimination against cross-polarized interference and improved signal quality. Notably, significant improvements in XPD are observed in conditions of widespread rain at higher elevation angles. However, the effectiveness of elevating antennas in mitigating interference diminishes as rain intensity increases, particularly in extreme cloudburst scenarios. The findings underscore the importance of considering elevation angle in antenna placement and system design to optimize XPD and ensure reliable communication performance, especially in adverse weather conditions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between elevation angle and XPD, offering valuable insights for the design and optimization of telecommunication networks.

Keywords

Elevation angle, Cross Polarization Discrimination (XPD), Telecommunication systems, Signal quality, Interference mitigation and rain rate

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