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Ahmed, Mukhtiar
- Review on Non-cross-layer Mobility and Time Delaying Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Departement of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing, UTM, MY
2 Departement of Information Technology, Faculty of Science, QUEST, Nawabshah, Sindh, PK
1 Departement of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing, UTM, MY
2 Departement of Information Technology, Faculty of Science, QUEST, Nawabshah, Sindh, PK
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 44 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: To study the analysis of non-cross-layer and time-delaying routing protocols for underwater wireless sensor networks which help the researchers for further research in field of proposed routing protocols. Methods/Analysis: This review article focuses the advantages and limitations, analytical and numerical simulation methods for non-cross-layer mobility-based and non-cross-layer time delaying routing protocols. Findings: The non-cross-layer mobility-based routing protocols focus the movement of the node in underwater 3D environment where as time delaying routing protocols focuses the routing link quality. The novelty in this review article is based on its unique classification; analytical method of analysis and unique numerical simulation method based on theoretical perspective. The outcome of this review may lead to a better approach as compared to existing reviews. Applications/Improvements: Through proposed routing protocols we can extract valuable information from the bottom of the sea like information for minerals such as nickel, copper, gold, silver etc.Keywords
Mobility, Non-cross-layer, Routing Protocols, Time-delaying, Underwater.Full Text
- M2DFR:Multi-Layer Multipath Data Forwarding Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
Abstract Views :525 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Quaid-e-Awam University, Engineering, Science and Technology, Sindh, PK
1 Quaid-e-Awam University, Engineering, Science and Technology, Sindh, PK
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 12, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 1-6Abstract
Objectives: To design and develop the Multi-layer Multipath Data Forwarding Routing (M2DFR) protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network which controls the water depth, node mobility and can enhance the overall performance. Method/Analysis: M2DFR is based on three phases, one is design of architecture under which the deployment of the nodes are shown, second is the initialization phase which develops the multipath route selection mechanism between seabed source nodes to ordinary nodes which are deployed in the lower depth to upper layer, Acoustic Powerful Nodes (APNs) deployed in upper depth in fixed way in layers to surface sink nodes which are deployed on water surface, the route selection for multipath is based on RREQ/RREP through Weight Calculation Mechanism (WCM). Third phase focuses the data forwarding phase under which the shortest WCM is selected and from this route packets are forwarded from source nodes to sink nodes. Findings: Most of the existing protocols are unable to overcome the problem of water depth controlling, uncontrolled node mobility. Applications/Improvements: M2DFR is designed to extract the information from the bottom of the sea with its applications like: gold, oil/gas and minerals. The improved performance of M2DFR is measured with CBE2R and EMGGR.Full Text
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