Journal of Biological Control

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Evaluation of Bio-Agents, Synthetic Insecticides and Organic Amendment Against the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Spp. in Cardamom [Elettaria Cardamomum


Affiliations
1 Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, KAU, Idukki – 685553, Kerala, India
2 Department of Nematology, CoA, Vellayani, Thiruvanathapuram – 695522, Kerala, India
3 Department of Agrl. Entomology, CoA, Vellanikkara, Thrissur – 680656, Kerala, India
 

Investigations were made to study the effects of three nemato-pathogenic fungi viz. Purpureocillium lilacinum, P. lilacinum + neem cake, Pochonia chlamydosporia and Trichoderma sp. as well as two synthetic insecticides (cartap hydrochloride and carbosulfan) against the Root-knot Nematodes (RKN) of cardamom at the farmers’ fields in three locations of Idukki district, Kerala, India during 2016- 2019. Results revealed that the combined application of P. lilacinum with neem cake gave maximum reduction of typical symptoms of infestation like the leaf narrowing (6.42%) and root knot formation (1.32 nos.) followed by P. chlamydosporia with 8.04% narrowed leaves and 1.83 root knots. The application of P. lilacinum and neem cake in combination (0.82 kg/plant and 2.99) followed by P. chlamydosporia (0.71 kg/plant and 2.71 recorded highest yield and Benefit Cost Ratio, respectively). Bio-control agents are therefore efficient and environmentally safer for managing the RKN in cardamom. Future studies can be directed to focus on the compatibility and efficiency enhancement of these bio-agents with organic amendments.

Keywords

Bio-agents, cardamom, Root Knot Nematode, insecticides and organic amendments, management.
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  • Evaluation of Bio-Agents, Synthetic Insecticides and Organic Amendment Against the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Spp. in Cardamom [Elettaria Cardamomum

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Authors

T. SATHYAN
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, KAU, Idukki – 685553, Kerala, India
M. K. DHANYA
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, KAU, Idukki – 685553, Kerala, India
M. MURUGAN
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, KAU, Idukki – 685553, Kerala, India
K. ASHOKKUMAR
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, KAU, Idukki – 685553, Kerala, India
T. S. ASWATHY
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, KAU, Idukki – 685553, Kerala, India
R. NARAYANA
Department of Nematology, CoA, Vellayani, Thiruvanathapuram – 695522, Kerala, India
K.B. DEEPTHY
Department of Agrl. Entomology, CoA, Vellanikkara, Thrissur – 680656, Kerala, India

Abstract


Investigations were made to study the effects of three nemato-pathogenic fungi viz. Purpureocillium lilacinum, P. lilacinum + neem cake, Pochonia chlamydosporia and Trichoderma sp. as well as two synthetic insecticides (cartap hydrochloride and carbosulfan) against the Root-knot Nematodes (RKN) of cardamom at the farmers’ fields in three locations of Idukki district, Kerala, India during 2016- 2019. Results revealed that the combined application of P. lilacinum with neem cake gave maximum reduction of typical symptoms of infestation like the leaf narrowing (6.42%) and root knot formation (1.32 nos.) followed by P. chlamydosporia with 8.04% narrowed leaves and 1.83 root knots. The application of P. lilacinum and neem cake in combination (0.82 kg/plant and 2.99) followed by P. chlamydosporia (0.71 kg/plant and 2.71 recorded highest yield and Benefit Cost Ratio, respectively). Bio-control agents are therefore efficient and environmentally safer for managing the RKN in cardamom. Future studies can be directed to focus on the compatibility and efficiency enhancement of these bio-agents with organic amendments.

Keywords


Bio-agents, cardamom, Root Knot Nematode, insecticides and organic amendments, management.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc%2F2021%2F26772