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Balachander, M.
- ITS Sequencing of Indian Isolates of Lecanicillium Species
Abstract Views :211 |
PDF Views:179
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, HA Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, HA Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 337-341Abstract
The genetic diversity of thirty one isolates of Lecanicillium species isolated from insect hosts from various geographical regions of India were studied. Their phylogenetic relationships were determined using internal transcribed spacer, ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S gene of rRNA sequence. Based on the sequence similarity of ITS region and construction of subsequent phylogenetic analysis (neighbour-joining method), 15 isolates were grouped as Lecanicillium lecanii, 11 isolates as L. attenuatum, 3 isolates as L. longisporum and 2 isolates as L. muscarium.Keywords
ITS Region, Phylogenetic Analysis, Lecanicillium sp.Full Text
References
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- Chitinase Activity and Virulence of Different Isolates of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium Spp
Abstract Views :286 |
PDF Views:128
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 223-228Abstract
In order to identify promising isolates with higher chitinase activity, 122 entomofungal isolates comprising of Beauveria bassiana (58), Metarhizium anisopliae (33), Lecanicillium lecanii (15), Lecanicillium attenuatum (11), L. longisporum (3) and L. muscarium (2) isolated from different insect hosts/soils of India were studied. The partially purified proteins from the isolates were subjected to chitinase activity and were estimated by measuring the release of reducing saccharides (one NAGA Unit) from colloidal chitin spectrophotometrically at 582 nm (A582). Forty nine isolates of B. bassiana showed chitinase activity ranging from 21 to 182 μg/ml, with the highest enzyme activity by the isolate PDBC-Bb-5a. Thirty three isolates of M. anisopliae exhibited chitinase activity ranging from 23 to 144 μg/ml and the highest (144 μg/ml) was by the isolate Ma-4. Among the 15 isolates of L. lecanii tested, three isolates viz., Vl-7, Vl-24a, Vl-25a had high chitinase activities ranging between 100 and 126μg/ml. Vl-22 isolate of L. attenuatum, Vl-24 of L. longisporum and Vl-8 of L. muscarium showed higher activities (90, 110 and 117μg/ml respectively). Bioassay studies with these isolates on cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora in glass house indicated higher nymphal mycosis ranging from 72.3-83.0%.Keywords
Entomopathogenic Fungi, Chitinase Activity, NAGA Unit, Cowpea Aphid, Aphis craccivora, Virulence.Full Text
References
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- Havukkala, I., Mitamura, C., Hara, S., Hirayae, K., Nishizawa, Y. and Hibi, T. 1993. Induction and purification of Beauveria bassiana chitinolytic enzymes. Journal Invertebrate Pathology, 61: 97– 102.
- Hepburn, H. R. 1985. Structure of the integument. In Kerbut, G.A. and Gilbert, L.I, (eds) Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Volume, 3, pp. 1–58. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK. Krieger de Moraes, C., Schrank, A. and Vainstein, M. H., 2003. Regulation of extracellular chitinase and proteases in the entomopathogen and acaricide Metarhizium anisopliae. Current Microbiology, 46: 205–210.
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- St. Leger, R. J., Cooper, R. M. and Charnley, A. K. 1991. Characterization of chitinase and chitobiase produced by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 58:415–426.
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- Variability in Foraging Behaviour, Thermal Requirement and Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Sod Webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Abstract Views :296 |
PDF Views:153
Authors
M. Nagesh
1,
M. Balachander
1,
T. M. Shivalingaswamy
1,
J. Patil
1,
A. N. Shylesha
1,
A. Raghavendra
1
Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore − 560 024, Karnataka, IN
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore − 560 024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 36-47Abstract
Variability in virulence among entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis indica, H. bacteriophora and Steinernema abbasi, was studied for lethality, foraging behaviour in response to host volatiles, thermal requirements (degree-days), recyclability, persistence and field efficacy against Turfgrass Sod Webworm (TSW), Herpetogramma phaeopteralis. Comparatively, lethal concentration and time were lowest for H. indica against TSW. Recyclability of EPN ranged from 3.42 × 105 to 4.23 × 105 IJs g1 of TSW. H. bacteriophora recorded highest movement rate on agar (0.38–0.78cm) and sand-agar (0.45–0.56cm), followed by S. abbasi, and H. indica. Responding to TSW volatiles, S. abbasi recorded maximum movement, H. bacteriophora, moderate, and H. indica, lowest. Heterorhabditis indica (with nictitation); S. abbasi and H. bacteriophora (without nictitation) were ambusher and cruiser, respectively. S. abbasi preferred warmer temperatures (30–33°C), H. bacteriophora, moderate (24–27°C), and H. indica, a wider range (24–30°C), for virulence based on thermal requirement. In field, EPNs were comparable to chlorpyriphos against TSW. We demonstrated the complementarity of thermal preferences of EPNs and insect pest was critical besides attributes like foraging behaviour, recyclability, persistence, and lethality values for their success in the field.Keywords
Degree-Days, Foraging, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis, Heterorhabditis indica, H. bacteriophora, Sod Webworm, Steinernema abbasi, Thermal Requirement, Turfgrass, Virulence, Variability.Full Text
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