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Prabhakar, M.
- Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of the Parasitoid, Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on Mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley in Cotton Based Cropping Systems and Associated Weed Flora
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad, 500059, Andhra Pradesh, IN
1 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad, 500059, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 198-202Abstract
The mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, a polyphagous pest with a wide host range is of recent occurrence on Bt cotton in all the three major cotton growing zones in India. The first perceptible appearance of the pest on cotton in Warangal district of Andhra Pradesh was noticed in Kharif 2008. P. solenopsis was recorded on several plants other than cotton which include cultivated crops and weed hosts. The mealybug population is naturally regulated by Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). This paper reports the dynamics of this key parasitoid in a spatio-temporal perspective. Monitoring of the parasitoid on P. solenopsis occurring on weed hosts found on field bunds, crop fallows, barren lands, roadsides and village backyards indicated its activity on eight weed hosts late in the cotton growing season of 2009. During the year 2010, its activity started early in the season on few weed hosts while many more supported parasitization late in the season. Parasitoid activity was higher (11.3 to 15.3%) initially on the key hosts (Corchorus olitorius L., Abutilon indicum L., and Sida acuta Burm. F.) early in the season (August) which later shifted gradually to the main host (cotton) during the later part of the season. Cropping system and spatial perspective indicated that cotton fields adjacent to roadside and crop fallows supported higher parasitization during September (8.3 - 9.1%) and cotton fields adjacent to barren lands in December (13.3%). These findings have implications for the management of P. solenopsis mealybug on cotton from an agro eco-system perspective.Keywords
Phenacoccus solenopsis, Aenasius bambawalei, Gossypium hirsutum, Cotton, Mealybug, Parasitoid, Alternate Hosts, Weed Flora, Cropping Systems, Diversity.Full Text
References
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- Nagrare, V. S., Kranthi, S., Biradar, V. K., Zade, N. N., Sangode, V., Kakde, G., Shukla, R. M., Shivare, D., Khadi B. M. and Kranthi, K. R. 2009. Widespread infestation of the exotic mealybug species, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), on cotton in India. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 99: 537–541
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- New Record of Hexamermis dactylocercus Poinar Jr. and Linares (Nematoda: Mermithidae) Parasitizing Red Hairy Caterpillar, Amsacta albistriga (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) from India
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PDF Views:127
Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad 500 059, Andhra Pradesh, IN
1 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad 500 059, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 24, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 285-287Abstract
Natural parasitism of the red hairy caterpillar, Amsacta albistriga (Walker) by a mermithid nematode, Hexamermis dactylocercus Poinar Jr. and Linares is reported for the first time. Higher parasitisation by H. dactylocercus was recorded during epidemic outbreak of A. albistriga during 2007 (28.5%) and in 2008 (6.5%) when the pest incidence was relatively lower due to late onset of monsoon. The mermithid activity was associated with high rainfall in both the years. Seasonal dynamics of H. dactylocercus is discussed.Keywords
Nematode, Mermithid, Hexamermis dactylocercus, Red Hairy Caterpillar, Amsacta albistriga.Full Text
- Granulovirus of Semilooper, Achaea janata L. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Its Bioefficacy and Safety in Mammalian Toxicity Tests
Abstract Views :256 |
PDF Views:121
Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad, 500 059, Andhra Pradesh, IN
1 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad, 500 059, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 27, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 99–104Abstract
Bio-efficacy of granulovirus (GV) infecting the semilooper, Achaea janata L., a serious defoliating pest of castor bean, Ricinus communis L., was established through leaf disc bioassays. Ovoid occlusion bodies (OB) of A. janata GV (AjGV) measuring 480±20.9 by 240±13.7 nm contained a singly embedded nucleocapsid. Estimated molecular weight of viral genomic DNA obtained with three restriction enzymes was in the range of 124 and 127 kb with a mean of 125.7±0.9 kb. Estimated median lethal concentration (LC50) of AjGV mother culture to second instar larvae was 2.2±0.21×106 OB/ml or 85.4±9.7 OB/mm2 leaf, while for the formulation it was 3.1±0.89×106 OB/ml or 123.3±35.1 OB/mm2 leaf. Kaplan-Meier survival estimate of median lethal time (LT50) for second instars was 7 days at 5×108 OB/ml concentration and 12 days at 5×106 OB/ml. AjGV mother culture and formulation were found to be non-toxic in all the mandatory mammalian toxicity tests. This study fulfills the key data requirements on identification of the AjGV Hyderabad isolate, its bio-efficacy and safety in mammalian toxicity tests.Keywords
Granulovirus, Baculovirus, Bioassay, Achaea janata, Ricinus communis.Full Text
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