P. Nahar ¹, P. Yadav ¹, M. Kulye ¹, A. Hadapad ¹, M. Hassani ², U. Tuort ², S. Keller ³, A. G. Chandele ⁴, B. Thomas ², M. V. Deshpande ¹

Affiliations
1 Biochemical Sciences Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, IN
2 Atlas Agro Binzstr., 18 CH-8045, Zurich, CH
3 Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture, FAL Postfach 8046, Zurich Rcckenholz, CH
4 Department of Entomology. College of Agriculture, Pune 411 005,, IN

Abstract

The effectiveness of oil-based conidia formulations of indigenous fungal isolates Metarhizillm anisopliae M34412, Beallveria bassiana 83301 and Nomuraea rileyi N812 were evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) infestation on pigeon pea under field conditions. The M. allisopliae M34412 conidia in the oil formulation (7:3, diesel: Sunflower oil) were found to be most effective in controlling H. armigera. The results were compared with other control agents such as, endosulfan and HaNPV (H. armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus). The per cent efficacies were, .W. anisopliae,/i> 66.74, endosulfan 62.58, N. rileyi 60.88 and HaNPV 55.58. B. bassiana preparation was found to be relatively less effective (51.25% efficacy). The effectiveness of all the control agents based on per cent pod damage and yield has also been discussed.

Keywords

Beauveria bassiana, Helicoverpa amligera, Metarlzizium anisopliae, Nomuraea Rileyi, Indigenous Fungal Isolates.

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R. S. Patil ¹, A. M. Deshpande ¹, A. A. Natu ¹, P. Nahar ², M. Chitnis ¹, V. Ghormade ¹, R. S. Laxman ¹, S. Rokade ¹, M. V. Deshpande ¹

Affiliations
1 Biochemical Sciences Division, National Chemical Laboratory Pune 411008, Maharashtra, IN
2 Biochemical Sciences Division, National Chemical Laboratory Pune411008, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

A combined effect of mycolytic enzyme mixture and the cell wall chitin metabolism inhibitors to control the growth of a ischolar_main infecting fungus, Sclerotium rolfsii on peanut was studied. Around 10 microbial cultures were screened for their potential to produce extracellularly cell wall synthesis inhibitors, using hyphal tip bursting test with different fungi. Most of them exhibited significant in vitro inhibition of enzymes viz., chitin synthase, endo-chitinase or N-acetylglucosaminidase activities. In a pot experiment, irrigation with crude culture filtrate of Bacillus sp. 102 (1 mg·50ml^-1) which showed hyphal tip bursting in all the test fungi inhibited 70 percent growth of S. rolfsii. Daily irrigation with the mycolytic enzyme preparation of Myrothecium verrucaria diluted to give chitinase activity (0.04 U. 50 ml^-1) inhibited 40 per cent growth of S. rolfsii. The mixture of two viz. M. verrucaria and Bacillus sp. 102 culture filtrates, controlled 80 per cent S. rolfsii infection of peanut seeds. Further fractionation of the inhibitor mixture was also carried out using (60-120 mesh) silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC. The results with respect to the hyphal tip bursting and enzyme inhibition have been discussed.

Keywords

Bacillus Sp., Chitin Metabolism Inhibitor, Chitinase,. Myrothecium verrucaria, Sclerotium rolfsii.

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