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Nisha, R.
- Fitness Trade-offs in Parasitoid-host System: With Special Reference to Acerophagus papayae Noyes on Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara De Willink
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Authors
R. Nisha
1,
J. S. Kennedy
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, T.N., IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, T.N., IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 7, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 275-280Abstract
Development and parasitic potential of Acerophagus papayae Noyes on the papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink from different host plants like papaya, cotton, mulberry, tapioca, brinjal and hibiscus were studied. The development time of parasitoid, A. papayae in the current study was shortest in mealybugs reared from papaya (10.9 days), followed by cotton (11.8 days), mulberry (12.4 days), brinjal (13.1 days), hibiscus (14.1 days) and recorded 16.3 days of development in tapioca reared papaya mealybug. The parasitisation rate was found to be highest in second instar than third instar and adult female mealybugs from host crop papaya viz., 87.5 per cent followed by cotton (84.2 %), mulberry (80.8 %), brinjal (80.0 %) and potato sprouts (75.8 %) and recorded lowest parasitisation rate in tapioca (67.5%). The parasitization level of parasitoid, A. papayae was maximum in papaya and minimum in tapioca due to the host plant induced changes in the mealybug. The development time was inversely correlated with the parasitic potential and so there was a trade-off between the development and parasitic potential of parasitoid.Keywords
Fitness Trade-offs, Parasitoid, Acerophagus papayae, Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus- Development of Improved Intercultural Hoe
Abstract Views :257 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, BENGALURU (KARNATAKA), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, BENGALURU (KARNATAKA), IN
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, BENGALURU (KARNATAKA), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, BENGALURU (KARNATAKA), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 9, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 118-120Abstract
The interculturing operation breaks the upper surface of the soil, upischolar_maining the weeds, aerating the soil, making good mulch, so moisture inside properly retained from evaporation. In the animal-drawn hoe, the implement draft and the capacity of the animals to provide the required power will also affect performance, as will ergonomic considerations related to the comfort of the operator. A intercultural hoe could be easily handled, light, strong, durable, cheap, adjustable for different crops and can be easily manufactured locally. The present bullock hoe consists occupied the space coverage of width 95 cm, total height of 102 cm, three number of tynes and angle 41°. The shape of blade is rectangular and beam length of 236 cm. The field capacity of the implement was noted to be 0.27 hectares per hour which included the turning losses, the field capacity was found to be 0.17 hectares per hour for the area of 10×20 m2, which gives the field efficiency of 81.43 per cent.Keywords
Field, Implement, Hoe, Bullock, Blade.References
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- Brain, G. S. (2000). Elements of design and evaluation of animal drawn weeders, A resource book of Animal traction network for eastern and southern Africa.Silsoe research institute, technical centre for agricultural and rural cooperation Wageningen.
- Cutler, Karan (2002). Essential tools: Equipment and Supplies for Home Gardeners.Brooklyn Botanic Garden. p.16. ISBN 9781889538501. Retrieved 14 June 2015, NEW YORK, U.S.A.
- How to use a Grub Hoe (2015). Easy digging: Productive Tools for Garden and Farm. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
- Sharma, A.R., Toor, A.S. and Sur, H.S. (2000). Effect of interculture operations and scheduling of atrazine application on weed control and productivity of rain fed groundnut in Shiwalik foothills of Punjab. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 70 (1):757-761.
- Singh,S., Singh, R.S. and Singh, S.P. (2014). Farm power availability on Indian farms. Agric.Engg. Today, 38(4):44-52.
- Teasdale, J. R. and Mohler, C.L. (2000). The quantitative relationship between weed emergence and the physical properties of mulches.Weed Sci., 48:385–392.
- Tharp, B.E. and Kells, J. J. (2001). Effect of glufosinateresistant corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on light interception, corn yield, and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) growth. Weed Technol., 15:413–418.
- Tollenaar, M. and Bruulsema, T.W. (1988). Efficiency of maize dry matter production during periods of complete leaf area expansion. Agron. J., 80:580–585.
- Truman, C.C., Reeves, D.W., Shaw, J. N., Motta, A.C., Burmester, C. H., Raper, R. L. and Schwab (2003). Tillage impacts on soil property, runoff and soil loss variations from a Rhodic Paleudult under simulated rainfall. J. Soil Water Conserv., 58:258–267.
- Westgate, M. E., Forcella, F., Reicosky, D.C. and Somsen, J. ( 1997). Rapid canopy closure for maize production in the northern US corn belt: radiation-use efficiency and grain yield. Field Crops Res., 49:249–258.
- Widdicombe, W. D. and Thelen, K.D. (2002). Row width and plant density effects on corn grain production in the Northern Corn Belt. Agron. J., 94:1020–1023.
- Effect of Tomatine on Termitomyces Fungus in Termitaria of Subterranean Termites Odontotermes wallonensis Wasmann
Abstract Views :161 |
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Authors
R. Nisha
1,
D. S. Rajavel
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Crop Protection, Imayam Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Kannanur, Thuraiyur, Trichy (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Tuticorin (T.N.), IN
1 Department of Crop Protection, Imayam Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Kannanur, Thuraiyur, Trichy (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Tuticorin (T.N.), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 9, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 26-29Abstract
Tomatine is a glycoalkaloid found in the stems and leaves of tomato plants, which has fungicidal properties. This laboratory studies were carried out to find out the efficacy of tomatine on the Termitomyces fungus found in the termitaria of O. wallonensis, it was applied through Difco media for fungal growth. The overall period of observations (15 days) revealed that tomatine 1000 ppm effectively reduced the mean diameter growth of fungus (1.41 cm) followed by tomatine 900 ppm (1.52 cm). The fungal growth of fungus in the standard check carbendazim 500 ppm was 1.32 cm whereas it was 8.17 cm in untreated check. The highest suppression of fungus was noticed in carbendazim 500 ppm (84.59 %) which was on par with tomatine 1000 ppm (83.44 %). Tomatine 900 ppm was also suppressed the fungus effectively at 82.08 per cent. The least mean per cent suppression (68.37 %) was noticed in the lower concentration of tomatine 600 ppm. The per cent suppression of fungal growth was decreased from 5th day to 15th day of observation. This study was supported by many earlier contributions. Finally the result was concluded that tomatine could be used as a termiticide to control fungus growing termites.Keywords
Tomatine, Subterranean Termites, Termitaria, Termitomyces.- Effect of Tomatine on Termites Odontotermes wallonensis (Wasmann) vis-a-vis Antifeedant and Repellent Activity
Abstract Views :177 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
R. Nisha
1,
D. S. Rajavel
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Crop Protection, Imayam Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Kannanur, Thuraiyur, Trichy (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Tuticorin (T.N.), IN
1 Department of Crop Protection, Imayam Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Kannanur, Thuraiyur, Trichy (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Tuticorin (T.N.), IN