A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Ramesh Babu, S.
- Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday, 1834) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Emerging as a Common Natural Parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Indian Maize Fields
Authors
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560024, Karnataka, IN
2 Agricultural Research Station, MPUAT, Borwat Farm, Banswara – 327001, Rajasthan, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 193-196Abstract
Field surveys conducted during 2018-2019 in the maize fields infested with Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and Meghalaya revealed that Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was the common gregarious larval parasitoid in the maize fields parasitizing S. frugiperda. This is the first report of C. ruficrus parasitizing S. frugiperda in India, earlier reports being from Trinidad and Tobago. The present study (using integrated approach) provides morphological and molecular identification details along with host data, cocoon characters and geographical distribution of C. ruficrus.
Keywords
Fall Army Worm, Larval Parasitoid.References
- Ashmead WH. 1900. Notes on some New Zealand and Australian parasitic Hymenoptera with description of new genera and new species. Proc Linn Soc NSW 25: 327-360. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12157
- Ashmead WH. 1904. Descriptions of new genera and species of Hymenoptera from the Philippine Islands. Proc USNM 28(1387): 127−158. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.28-1387.127
- CABI 2019. Invasive species compendium. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/29810 (accessed on 21/8/2019).
- Cameron P. 1911. On a collection of parasitic Hymenoptera (chiefly bred) made by Mr. W.W.Froggatt, F.L.S., in New South Wales, with descriptions of new genera and species. Part i. Proc Linn Soc NSW 36: 333−346. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21902
- Folmer O, Black M, Hoeh W, Lutz R, Vrijenhoek R. 1994. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol. 3: 294−299. PMid: 7881515.
- Gupta A, Fernández-Triana, JL. 2014. Diversity, host association, and cocoon variability of reared Indian Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zootaxa 3800(1): 001-101. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3800.1.1 PMid:24870869
- Gupta A, Venkatesan T, More RP. 2016. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Reared Parasitoid Wasps of the Genus Glyptapanteles Ashmead 1904 (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) Associated with Lepidoptera in India. Plos One 11(3): e0150765. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150765 PMid:26942740 PMCid:PMC4778878
- Haliday AH. 1834. Essay on parasitic Hymenoptera. Entomol Mag. 2(3): 225−259.
- Ramasubramanian T, Singaravelu B, Appunu C. 2016. Training Manual on techniques in insect molecular biology and toxicology. ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 100p.
- Shylesha AN, Jalali SK, Gupta A, Varshney R, Venkatesan T, Shetty P, Ojha R, Ganiger PC, Navik,O, Subaharan K, Bakthavatsalam N, Ballal CR. 2018. Studies on new invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its natural enemies. J Biol Control 32(3): 1−7. https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2018/21707
- Viereck HL. 1913 Descriptions of ten new genera and twentythree new species of Ichneumonflies. Proc USNM 44: 555−568. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.1968.555
- Wilkinson DS. 1928. A revision of the Indo-Australian species of the genus Apanteles (Hym. Bracon.). Part II. Bull Entomol Res. 19: 109-146. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300020393
- Yu DSK, van Achterberg C, Horstmann K. 2016.Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive. http://www.taxapad.com, Nepean, Ontario.
- Report of a Mermithid Nematode Infecting Amyna axis, Chrysodeixisspp. and Spodoptera Spp. from India
Authors
1 Agriculture Research Station, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Banswara - 327001, Rajasthan, IN
2 Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA Campus, New Delhi - 110012, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 217-221Abstract
Amyna axis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), Chrysodeixis spp. (C. acuta and C. eriosoma) and Spodoptera spp. (S. exigua and S. litura) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are important polyphagous insect-pests of leguminous crops. A mermithid (Nematoda: Mermithidae) nematode was found parasitizing the larval stages of these insects in the western Indian state of Rajasthan. Morphological and molecular analysis suggests that the nematode might be a species of the genus Hexamermis. The average length of post-parasitic nematode juveniles was 15 cm, and the average greatest body width was 1.5 mm. The vulva was median (V% = 48) without vulval flap. Approximately 100-125 μm long caudal appendages were present on tail. The cross-section revealed the presence of six hypodermal chords at the mid body region, and stichosome was present. The 18S rDNA sequence showed 99% similarity to mermithid nematode. A phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences of mermithids resulted in identification of a new clade “Lineage 3” which included representatives of Mermis sp., Isomermis sp., Limnomermis sp., and Pheromermis sp. This is the first report of natural mermithid parasitism of A. axis and Chrysodeixis spp. along with its molecular characterization.
Keywords
Amyna Axis, Chrysodeixis, Hexamermis, Mermithid, Soybean, SpodopteraReferences
- Bhatnagar V, Pawar CS, Jadhav DR, Davies JC. 1985. Mermithid nematodes as parasites of Heliothis spp. and other crop pests in Andhra Pradesh, India. Proc Indian Acad Sci Animal Sci. 94: 509–515. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03186360
- Bik HM, Lambshead PJD, Thomas WK, Lunt DH. 2010. Moving towards a complete molecular framework of the Nematoda: a focus on the Enoplida and early-branching clades. BMC Evol Biol. 10: 353. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-353 PMid:21073704 PMCid:PMC2995457
- Devasahayam S, Abdulla-Koya KM. 1994. Seasonal incidence of Hexamermis sp. (Dor., Mermithidae) parasitising larvae of top shoot borer Cydia hemidoxa Meyr. (Lep., Tortricidae) on black pepper. J Appl Entomol. 117: 31–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1994.tb00704.x
- Floyd R, Abebe E, Papert A, Blaxter M. 2002. Molecular barcodes for soil nematode identification. Molecular Ecol. 11: 839– 850. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01485.x PMid:11972769
- Gill AK, Arora R, Jindal V. 2015. Beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hubner): A newly emerging pest of Egyptian clover in Punjab. Range Manag Agroforestry 36: 170–174.
- Kamminga KL, Davis JA, Stock SP, Richter AR. 2012. First report of a mermithid nematode infecting Piezodorus guildinii and Acrosternum hilare (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the United States. Fla Entomol. 95: 214–217. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.095.0137
- Kaya HK, Stock SP. 1997. Techniques in insect nematology, pp. 281-324. In: Lacey L (Ed.). Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. London, UK. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012432555-5/50016-6
- Larose C, Schwander T. 2016. Nematode endoparasites do not codiversify with their stick insect hosts. Ecol Evol. 6: 5446–5458. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2264 PMid:27551395 PMCid:PMC4984516
- Meena AK, Nagar R, Swaminathan R. 2016. Occurrence of genus Amyna (Noctuidae: Bagisarinae) among the semilooper complex infesting soybean at Udaipur. J Entomol Zool Stud. 5: 949–953.
- Nickle W. 1981. Mermithid parasites of agricultural pest insects. J Nematol. 13: 262–266. PMid:19300760 PMCid:PMC2618092
- Petersen JJ. 1985. Nematodes as biological control agents: Part I. Mermithidae. Adv Parasitol. 24: 307–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(08)60565-5
- Platzer A, Platzer EG. 1985. Permeability of the body wall of Romanomermis culicivorax to Lanthanum. J Nematol. 17: 261–269. PMid:19294092 PMCid:PMC2618473
- Poinar GO Jr. 1975. Entomogenous nematodes: A Manual and Host List of Insect-nematode Associations. Brill, Leiden. 317 pp. PMid:19308185 PMCid:PMC2620133
- Poinar GO Jr., Mondet B, Gouteux JP, Laveissiere C. 1981. Hexamermis glossinae sp. nov. (Nematoda: Mermithidae), a parasite of tse-tse flies in West Africa. Can J Zool. 59: 858–861. https://doi.org/10.1139/z81122
- Poinar GO Jr., Chang P. 1985. Hexamermis cathetospiculae n. sp. (Mermithidae: Nematoda), a parasite of the rice stemborer, Tryporyza incertulus (Wlk.) (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) in Malaysia. J Nematol. 17: 360–363. PMid:19294107 PMCid:PMC2618465
- Rahaman PF, Sharma SB, Wightman JA. 2000. A review of insect-parasitic nematodes research in India: 1927–1997. Int J Pest Manage. 46: 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/096708700227543
- Rubstov IA. 1976. Mermithids (Nematoda, Mermithidae) – parasites of insects from Mongolia. pp. 596–614. In: Insects of Mongolia. Part 4. (Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ed.) . Nauka, Leningrad.
- Singh OP, Singh KJ. 1991. Economic threshold level for green semilooper, Chrysodeixis acuta (Walker) on soybean. Trop Pest Manage. 37: 399–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670879109371624
- St-Onge M, Larue B, Charpentier G. 2008. A molecular revision of the taxonomic status of mermithid parasites of black flies from Quebec (Canada). J Invertebr Pathol. 98: 299–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2008.04.001 PMid:18511068
- Stubbins FL, Agudelo P, Reay-Jones FP, Greene JK. 2015. First report of a mermithid nematode infecting the invasive Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) in the United States. J Invertebr Pathol. 127: 35–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2015.02.008 PMid:25731127
- Subbotin SA, Waeyenberge L, Moens M. 2000. Identification of cyst-forming nematodes of the genus Heterodera (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) based on the ribosomal DNA-RFLPs. Nematology 2: 153–164. https://doi.org/10.1163/156854100509042
- Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. 2013. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol. 30: 2725– 2729. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197 PMid:24132122 PMCid:PMC3840312
- Tripodi AD, Strange JP. 2018. Rarely reported, widely distributed, and unexpectedly diverse: molecular characterization of mermithid nematodes (Nematoda: Mermithidae) infecting bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) in the USA. Parasitology 145: 15581563. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182018000410
- Villemant C, Zuccon D, Rome Q, Muller F, Poinar Jr. GO, Justine J. 2015. Can parasites halt the invader? Mermithid nematodes parasitizing the yellow-legged Asian hornet in France. Peer J. 3: e947. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.947 PMid:26038716 PMCid:PMC4451032
- Yoder M, De Ley IT, King IW, Mundo-Ocampo M, Mann J, Blaxter M, Poiras L, De Ley P. 2006. DESS: a versatile solution for preserving morphology and extractable DNA of nematodes. Nematology 8: 367–376. https:// doi.org/10.1163/156854106778493448