Indian Journal of Chemical Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Catalytic Cracking of Gas Oil Derived from Heavy Crude Oil over Biochar-Based Catalyst


Affiliations
1 Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering-31200, Hatay, Turkey
 

In this study, the main target is to obtain high grade light commercial motor fuels from the catalytic cracking of the gas oil fraction by using a modified green catalyst biochar. For this aim, initially the biochar has been impregnated with the spent pickling liquor to acquire a catalyst being strong cracking activity under certain conditions. By using of the catalyst activated via the spent pickling liquor, the catalytic cracking runs have been carried out on the gas oil at different catalyst additive rates in ranging from 5 wt.% to 20 wt.% to obtain light liquid hydrocarbon fractions at the temperature of 500° C and heating rate of 10 °C/min. The n-pentane soluble fraction of the catalytic cracking liquid obtained from the use of activated char catalyst at additive rate of 20 wt.% has a low sulphur content and also consisted of short straight chain paraffinic hydrocarbons with carbon number of C13, C17, and C18 compared to those of the thermal and non-activated catalyst. Consequently, the activated catalyst has a considerable potential as a green catalyst with low cost for the converting of heavy hydrocarbons into light and more valuable hydrocarbons.

Keywords

Biochar, Catalytic Cracking, Gas Oil, Green Catalyst, Motor Fuel.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Muraza O & Galadima A, Fuel, 157 (2015) 219.

  • Chen Q, Zhu Y, Wang M, Ren G, Liu Q, Xu Z & Sun D, Colloids Surf A, 560 (2019) 252.

  • Chao K, Chen Y, Li J, Zhang X & Dong B, Fuel Process Technol, 104 (2012) 174.

  • Da Silva A S V, Weinschutz R, Yamamoto C I & Jr Luz L F, Fuel, 106 (2013) 632.

  • Lee J, Kim K H & Kwon EE, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev, 77 (2017) 70.

  • Qian K, Kumar A, Zhang H, Bellmer D & Huhnke R, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev, 42 (2015) 1055.

  • Xiong X, Yu IKM, Cao L, Tsang D C W, Zhang S & Ok Y S, Bioresource Technol, 246 (2017) 254.

  • Shen Y, Zhao P, Shao Q, Ma D, Takahashi F & Yoshikawa K, Applied Catal B, 152 (2014) 140.

  • Nguyen H K, Pham V V & Do H T, Catal Lett, 146 (2016) 2381.

  • Yan Q, Wan C, Liu J, Gao J, Yu F, Zhang J & Cai Z, Green Chem, 15 (2013) 1631.

  • Cheng F & Li X, Catalysts, 8 (2018) 346.

  • Duman G & Yanık J, Internat J Hydrogen Energy, 42 (2017) 17000.

  • Kar Y, Biomass and Bioenergy, 119 (2018) 473.

  • ŞenelGöksu D & Kar Y, Energy Sources Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, 40 (2018) 2678.

  • Wang S, Shan R, Gu J, Zhang J, Yuan H & Chen Y, Fuel, 279 (2020) 118494.

  • Dai L, Zeng Z, Tian X, Jiang L, Yu Z, Wu Q, Wang Y, Liu Y & Ruan R, J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 143 (2019) 104691.

  • Lin B, Huang Q, Yang Y & Chi Y, J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 139 (2019) 308.

  • Kar Y, Energy Sources Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 40 (2018) 2812.

  • Son E B, Poo K M, Chang J S & Chae K J, Science of the Total Environment, 615 (2018) 161.

  • Ahmed M B, Zhou J L, Ngo H H, Guo W & Chen M, Bioresource Technol, 214 (2016) 836.

  • He R, Peng Z, Lyu H, Huang H, Nan Q & Tang J, Science of the Total Environment, 612 (2018) 1177.

  • Hu X, Ding Z, Zimmerman A R, Wang S & Gao B. Water Research, 68 (2015) 206.

  • Lu P, Huang Q, Chi Y & Yan J, J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 127 (2017) 47.

  • Zhou X, Zhou J, Liu Y, Guo J, Ren J & Zhou F, Fuel, 233 (2018) 469.

  • Yang K, Peng H, Wen Y & Li N, Appl Surf Sci, 256 (2010) 3093.

  • Chen B, Chen Z & Lv S, Bioresource Technol, 102 (2011) 716.

  • Zhou L, Yang H, Wu H, Wang M & Cheng D, Fuel Process Technol, 106 (2013) 385.

  • Shamsaee B H, Mehri F, Rowshanzamir S, Ghamati M & Behrouzifar A, Sep Purif Technol, 212 (2019) 505.

  • Aguado J, Serrano D P, San Miguel G, Castro M C & Madrid S, J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 79 (2007) 415.

  • Muenpol S & Jitkarnka S, J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 117 (2016) 147.

  • Hughey C A, Hendrickson C L, Rodgers R P & Marshall A G. Energy Fuels, 15 (2001) 1186.

  • Solak A & Rutkowski P, Waste Management, 34 (2014) 504.

  • Zhang Z, Chang H, Gao T, Lan T, Zhang J, Sun M, Xu L & Ma X, J Anal Appl Pyrolysis, 139 (2019) 31.

  • Ayanoğlu A & Yumrutaş R, Energy, 103 (2016) 456.

  • Vempatapu B P, Tripathi D, Kumar J & Kanaujia P K, SN Appl Sci, 1 (2019) 1.


Abstract Views: 113

PDF Views: 54




  • Catalytic Cracking of Gas Oil Derived from Heavy Crude Oil over Biochar-Based Catalyst

Abstract Views: 113  |  PDF Views: 54

Authors

Yakup Kar
Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering-31200, Hatay, Turkey
Onur Eser Kök
Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering-31200, Hatay, Turkey

Abstract


In this study, the main target is to obtain high grade light commercial motor fuels from the catalytic cracking of the gas oil fraction by using a modified green catalyst biochar. For this aim, initially the biochar has been impregnated with the spent pickling liquor to acquire a catalyst being strong cracking activity under certain conditions. By using of the catalyst activated via the spent pickling liquor, the catalytic cracking runs have been carried out on the gas oil at different catalyst additive rates in ranging from 5 wt.% to 20 wt.% to obtain light liquid hydrocarbon fractions at the temperature of 500° C and heating rate of 10 °C/min. The n-pentane soluble fraction of the catalytic cracking liquid obtained from the use of activated char catalyst at additive rate of 20 wt.% has a low sulphur content and also consisted of short straight chain paraffinic hydrocarbons with carbon number of C13, C17, and C18 compared to those of the thermal and non-activated catalyst. Consequently, the activated catalyst has a considerable potential as a green catalyst with low cost for the converting of heavy hydrocarbons into light and more valuable hydrocarbons.

Keywords


Biochar, Catalytic Cracking, Gas Oil, Green Catalyst, Motor Fuel.

References