Spectrophotometric Quantification of Biotin in Drug Formulations Utilizing Pd(ii) Promoted Ligand Substitution Approach in Micellar Medium

A spectrophotometric approach that is straightforward, efficient, highly sensitive, and precise has been devised for quantifying biotin in both its pure state and pharmaceutical samples. Analysis of biotin in biological and pharmaceutical samples is essential for therapeutic evaluation and patient follow-up bioavailability. Several methods for determining this drug have drawbacks including specialized equipment that many quality control laboratories and universities in developing countries lack. The methodology relies on the inhibitory approach of biotin on the Pd(II) promoted ligand substitution (LS) reaction involving phenylhydrazine (PHZ) and hexacyanoferrate(II). The process entails replacing cyanide in [Fe(CN)₆]^4- with PHZ, triggering the development of a complex [Fe(CN)₅PHZ]^3-. The complex demonstrates a significant level of absorption at a specific wavelength of 488 nm. The established limit of detection for biotin is 0.117 μg mL⁻¹. Experiments on recovery are conducted to confirm the precision and accuracy of biotin quantification. The suggested approach has been effectively utilized for the examination of biotin in pristine samples and various medications, demonstrating remarkable levels of precision and accuracy. The outcomes show good agreement when compared to the findings of the official analytical method. The excipients typically employed in medicines do not exhibit any interference with the suggested methodology. This methodology is highly effective for accurately determining trace levels of different drugs and biological molecules that can significantly impede the catalytic efficiency of Pd(II).