Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Work-Life Balance and Its Relation to Demographic Factors: A Study of Police Personnel of Himachal Pradesh


Affiliations
1 Himachal Pradesh University Business School, Himachal Pradesh, India
2 HPUBS, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between demographic factors and work-life balance (WLB) among police personnel of Himachal Pradesh. The study further examines differences in work-life balance of police personnel at varied levels of demographic factors. The demographic factors considered in the present study are age, gender and marital status. This study was conducted through the sample of 781 Non Gazetted Police Officers (NGOs) of Grade-II employed in Himachal Pradesh. The collected data has been analyzed with the help of SPSS 21. The study found that the demographic factors like age and gender has a significant relationship with work-life balance of police personnel. Police personnel of the lower age group face more difficulty in balancing the demands of work and other domains of life in comparison to police personnel of higher age group. No difference was found between married and unmarried police personnel with regard to work-personal life balance. Work interference with personal life was found less in case of male police personnel (WIPL, M=27.50) than female police personnel (WIPL, M=25.61).

Keywords

Demographic Factors, Police Personnel, Work-Life Balance, Work-Family Conflict.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Adam, S. (2008). Work-Family conflict among female and male physicians in Hungary: Prevalence, stressors predictors, and potential consequences on physicians. Doctoral thesis, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Retrieved from http://www.eaph.eu/pdf/WorkFamily+Conflict+among+Female+and+Male+Physicians+in+Hungary(2008).pdf
  • Anitha, R., & Muralidharan, D. (2014). A study on the indolence of demographic and work related aspects on the work life balance of marketing professional. Global Journal for Research Analysis, 3(11), 100–102.
  • Aryee, S., Luk, V., Leung, A., & Lo, S. (1999). Role stressors, interrole conflict and well being: the moderating influence of spousal support and coping behaviors among employed parents in Hong Kong. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54, 259–278.
  • Benjamin, O. A., & Samson, B. S. (2014). The impact of demographic factors on family interference with work and work interference with family and life satisfaction. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 3(4), 31–38.
  • Bird, S. R. (2006). Theorizing masculinities: Recent trends in the social sciences, Gender Studies. Journal of Eastern Europe, 14(1), 1–21.
  • Brough, P., & Kelling, A. (2002). Women, work & well-being: The influence of work-family and family-work conflict. The New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 31(1), 29–39.
  • Carr, J. C., Boyar, S. L., & Gregory, B. T. (2008). The moderating effect of work-family centrality on work family conflict, organizational attitudes, and turnover behavior. Journal of Management, 34(2), 244–262.
  • Commonwealth Human Right Initiative Report. (2014). Police organizations in India. New Delhi: CHRI.
  • Crompton, R., & Lyonette, C. (2006). Work-life balance in Europe. Acta Sociologica, 49(4), 379–393.
  • Dadehbeigi, M., Ershadi, S., & Shirmohammadi, M. (n.d.). Correlates and predictors of work-family conflict. Retrieved 27 July 2017 from http://www.ufhrd.co.uk/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/5_4.pdf
  • Delina, G., & Raya, R. P. (2013). A study on work-life balance in working women. International Journal of Commerce, Business and Management, 2(5), 274– 282.
  • Dex, S., & Scheibl, F. (2001). Flexible and familyfriendly working arrangements in UK-based SMEs’: Business cases. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 39(3), 411–431.
  • Eikhof, D. R., Warhurst, C., & Haunschild, A. (2007). Introduction: What work? What life? What balance critical reflections on the work life balance debate? Employee Relation, 29(4), 325–333.
  • Emslie, C., & Hunt, K. (2009). ‘Live to Work’ or ‘Work to Live’? A qualitative study of gender and work-life balance among men and women in mid-life. Gender, Work and Organization, 16(1), 151–172.
  • Frone, M. R. (2003). Work-family balance. In J. C. Quick, & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational healthpsychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Frone, M. R., & Yardley, J. K. (1996). Workplace familysupportive programmes: Predictors of employed parents’ importance ratings. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 69(4), 351–356.
  • Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992a). Prevalence of work-family conflict: Are work and family boundaries asymmetrically permeable? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 723–729.
  • Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992b). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 65–78.
  • Fu, C. K., & Shaffer, M. A. (2001). The tug of work and family. Personnel Review, 30(5), 502–522.
  • Fub, I., Nubling, M., Hasselhorn, H., Schwappach, D., & Rieger, M. A. (2008). Working conditions and work family conflict in German hospital physicians: Psychological and organizational predictors and consequences. BMC Public Health, 8, 353. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-353.
  • Guest, D. (2002). Perspectives on the study of work life balance. Social Science Information, 255.
  • Higgins, C., Duxbury, L., & Lee, C. (1994). Impact of life cycle stage and gender on the ability to balance work and family responsibilities. Family Relations, 43, 144–150.
  • Hsieh, Y., Pearson, T., Chang, H., & Uen, J. (2005). Spillover between work and personal life balance for lodging managers. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 3(2), 61–83.
  • Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric assessment of an instrument designed to measurework life balance. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 13(1), 85–91
  • Hyman, J., Baldry, C., Scholarios, D., & Bunzel, D. (2003). Work-life imbalance in the new service sector economy. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41(2), 215–239.
  • Kinnunen, U., & Mauno, S. (1998). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict among employed women and men in Finland. Human Relations, 51(2), 157–177.
  • Mjoli, T., Dywili, M., & Dodd, N. (2013). Demographic determinants of work-family conflict among female factory workers in South Africa. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 1(1), 39–41.
  • Ngo, H., & Lui, S. (1999). Gender differences in outcomes of work family conflict: The case of Hong Kong managers. Sociological Focus, 32(3), 303–316.
  • Panisoara, G., & Serbana, M. (2013). Marital status and work-life balance. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 78, 21–25.
  • Rabl, T., & Kuhlmann, T. M. (2009). Work-life balance and demographic change: Relationships with age and age discrimination. Zeitschrift fur Personalpsychologie (Journal of Personal Psychology), 8, 88–99.
  • Rajadhyaksha, U., & Velgach, S. (2009). Gender, gender role ideology and work-family conflict in India. Academy of Management, Chicago, IL, USA. Retrieved 7 October 2016 from http://www.workfamilyconflict.ca/cms/documents/38/GRI_paper-AOM2009.pdf
  • Ramadoss, K., & Rajadhyaksha, U. (2012). Gender differences in commitment to roles, work-family conflict and social support. Journal of Social Science, 33(2), 227–233.
  • Richert-Kazmierska, A., & Stankiewicz, K. (2016). Work– life balance: Does age matter? Work, 55, 679–688.
  • Riley, D. (2012). Work and family interface: wellbeing and the role of resilience and work-life balance (Doctoral Dissertation, The University of Waikato, New Zealand).
  • Rotondo, D. M., Carlson, D. S., & Kincaid, J. F. (2003). Coping with multiple dimensions of work-family conflict. Personnel Review, 32(3), 275–296.
  • Sharma, S., & Parmar, J. S. (2015). Demographic variables & its relationship to work life balance – A study of doctors in government hospitals of Himachal Pradesh. Gyan Management, 9(2), 46–60.
  • Thriveni, K. K., & Rama, D. V. (2012). Impact of demographic variables on work-life balance of women employees (with special reference to Bangalore City). International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 1(6), 226–229.
  • Tuffin, R., & Baladi, Y (2001). Flexible Working Practices in the Police Service. Police Research Series, Paper 147.
  • Visser, F., & Williams, L. (2006). Work-life balance: Rhetoric versus reality. London: Work Foundation.
  • Warrier, U. (2013). A study on work-life balance as a function of demographic variables at an IT company in Bangalore. Journal of Organisation & Human Behaviour, 2(3), 40–48.
  • Waumsley, J., Houston, D., & Marks, G. (2010). What about Us? Measuring the work-life balance of people who do not have children. Review of European Studies, 2(2), 3–17.
  • Welford, R. (2008). Work life balance in Hong Kong: Survey results. Retrieved 6 July 2015 from http://www.csr-asia.com/upload/WLB%202008%20Final.pdf
  • Wesley, J. R., & Muthuswamy, P. R. (2005). Work-family conflict in India: An empirical study. SCMS Journal of Indian Management, 95–102.
  • Williams, K. J., & Alliger, G. M. (1994). Role stressors, mood spillover, and perceptions of work-family conflict in employed parents. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 837–868.
  • Yawalkar, V. V., & Sonawane, D. M. (2016). A study of work-life balance; challenges before Jalgaon Police Department. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 6(1), 82–84.
  • Yawalkar, V. V., & Sonawane, M. A. (2017). Impact of demographic variables on work-life balance of police personnel: With reference to Jalgaon Police Department. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management (IJSEM), 2(9), 29–32.

Abstract Views: 280

PDF Views: 0




  • Work-Life Balance and Its Relation to Demographic Factors: A Study of Police Personnel of Himachal Pradesh

Abstract Views: 280  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Poonam Kaushal
Himachal Pradesh University Business School, Himachal Pradesh, India
Jai Singh Parmar
HPUBS, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract


The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between demographic factors and work-life balance (WLB) among police personnel of Himachal Pradesh. The study further examines differences in work-life balance of police personnel at varied levels of demographic factors. The demographic factors considered in the present study are age, gender and marital status. This study was conducted through the sample of 781 Non Gazetted Police Officers (NGOs) of Grade-II employed in Himachal Pradesh. The collected data has been analyzed with the help of SPSS 21. The study found that the demographic factors like age and gender has a significant relationship with work-life balance of police personnel. Police personnel of the lower age group face more difficulty in balancing the demands of work and other domains of life in comparison to police personnel of higher age group. No difference was found between married and unmarried police personnel with regard to work-personal life balance. Work interference with personal life was found less in case of male police personnel (WIPL, M=27.50) than female police personnel (WIPL, M=25.61).

Keywords


Demographic Factors, Police Personnel, Work-Life Balance, Work-Family Conflict.

References