Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Work-Life Balance Among Women Anganwadi Workers in Bengaluru


Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Post Graduate, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru - 560 029, India
2 Research Scholar (Corresponding Author), Post Graduate, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru - 560 029, India
3 Associate Professor, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru - 560 029, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Over the past few years, work–life balance has evolved into a matter of significant concern. Both men and women strive to achieve a steady professional and personal life. In reality, women are more prone to experiencing such challenges. The paper attempted to understand work-life balance among Anganwadi workers (women-dominant centres). The research focused on the impact of job satisfaction, work overburden, workplace support, family support, and dependent care on the work-life balance of Anganwadi workers. For the purpose of the study, a structured questionnaire was administered to 467 participants. Statistical technique used for the study was regression model. The results indicated that workplace support and family support had a positive impact on the work–life balance among Anganwadi workers. The findings also suggested that work overburden and dependent care had a negative impact on work-life balance. The results also contradicted the hypotheses by portraying that job satisfaction was not a significant factor that impacted the work-life balance among Anganwadi workers. However, many other variables such as emotional intelligence, job autonomy, turnover intention, absenteeism, and work engagement - that could potentially impact work-life balance - were not taken into consideration.

Keywords

Anganwadi Workers, Structural Equation Modeling, Validity And Reliability, Women Workers, Work–Life Balance.

JEL Classification Codes : I31, J28, M12, M54.

Paper Submission Date: September 30, 2019; Paper Sent Back for Revision: February 18, 2020; Paper Acceptance Date: February 25, 2020.

User
Subscription Login to verify subscription
Notifications
Font Size

  • Adame, C., Caplliure, E. M., & Miquel, M. J. (2016). Work-life balance and firms : A matter of women ? Journal of Business Research, 69(4), 1379 –1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.111
  • Agha, K., Azmi, F. T., & Irfan, A. (2017). Work-life balance and job satisfaction: An empirical study focusing on higher education teachers in Oman. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 7(3), 164-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijssh.2017.v7.813
  • Almeida, D. M., Maggs, J. L., & Galambos, N. L. (1993). Wives’ employment hours and spousal participation in family work. Journal of Family Psychology, 7(2), 233-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/08933200.7.2.233
  • Anuradha, & Pandey, M. (2015). A review of work-life balance practices prevalent in public sector undertakings in India. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 8(2), 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2015/v8i2/61402
  • Aryee, S., Srinivas, E. S., & Tan, H. H. (2005). Rhythms of life: Antecedents and outcomes of work-family balance in employed parents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), 132–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/00219010.90.1.132
  • Baral, R., & Bhargava, S. (2011). HR interventions for work-life balance : Evidences from organisations in India. International Journal of Business, Management and Social Sciences, 2(1), 33-42.
  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238-246.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588-606.
  • Beutell, N. J., & Schneer, J. A. (2014). Work-family conflict and synergy among Hispanics. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(6), 705-735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JMP-11-2012-0342
  • Biswas, K., & Hassan, K. (2009). A test of association between working hour and work family conflict : A glimpse on Dhaka’s female white collar professionals. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(5), 27-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v4n5p27
  • Blanco, M., & Pacheco, E. (2009). Aging and the family-work link: A comparative analysis of two generations of Mexican women (1936-1938 and 1951-1953). Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 40(2), 143-166.
  • Bollen, K. A. (1989). A new incremental fit index for general structural equation models. Social Methods & Research, 17(3), 303-316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124189017003004
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Cardenas, R. A., Major, D. A., & Bernas, K. H. (2004). Exploring work and family distractions: Antecedents and outcomes. International Journal of Stress Management, 11(4), 346-365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.11.4.346
  • Carmines, E. G., & Zeller, R. A. (1979). Quantitative applications in the social sciences: Reliability and validity assessment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Chalawadi, C. I. (2014). A study on work life balance and women. Sumedha Journal of Management, 3(2), 80-91.
  • Chandel, K., & Kaur, R. (2015). Exploring various contributors of work-life balance as a panacea for occupational stress. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 8(1),9-20 . http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2015/v8i1/61247
  • Chawla, D., & Sondhi, N. (2011). Assessing work-life balance among Indian women professionals. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 47(2), 341-352.
  • Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295-336). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Cooke, F. L., & Jing, X. (2009). Work-life balance in China: Sources of conflicts and coping strategies. NHRD Network Journal, 2(6), 18-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974173920090603
  • Devi, S. V. R., & Kanagalakshmi, L. (2015). Factors influencing work life balance of women employees in information technology companies. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 17(6), 01-04. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/487X-17620104
  • Duarte, P. A. O., & Raposo, L. B. (2010). A PLS model to study brand preference: An application to the mobile phone market. In, V. Esposito Vinzi, W. Chin, J. Henseler, and H. Wang (eds.), Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 449-450). Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer.
  • Edralin, D. M. (2013). Work and life harmony : An exploratory case study of EntrePinays. DLSU Business and Economics Review, 22(2), 15-36.
  • Erdwins, C. J., Buffardi, L. C., Casper, W. J., & O’Brien, A. S. (2001). The relationship of women’s role strain to social support, role satisfaction, and self-efficacy. Family Relations, 50(3), 230-238.
  • Felstead, A., Jewson, N., Phizacklea, A., & Walters, S. (2002). Opportunities to work at home in the context of worklife balance. Human Resource Management Journal, 12(1), 54-76.
  • Fernando, L. S. R., & Umma, M. A. S. (2016). The factors affecting work life balance of married working women: With special reference to bank of Ceylon Head Office. Retrieved from http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/2463
  • Ford, M. T., Heinen, B. A., & Langkamer, K. L. (2007). Work and family satisfaction and conflict : A meta-analysis of cross-domain relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 57-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/00219010.92.1.57
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  • Gordon, J. R., & Whelan-Berry, K. S. (2004). It takes two to tango: An empirical study of perceived spousal/partner support for working women. Women in Management Review, 19(5), 260-273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649420410545980
  • Hair, Jr., J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
  • Hall, D. T., & Richter, J. (2011). Balancing work life and home life: What can organizations do to help? Academy of Management Executive, 2(3), 213-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ame.1988.4277258
  • Hashmi, A., Malik, M., & Hussain, A. (2016). Work-life balance and its impact on job satisfaction among pharmacists: A literature review. International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences, 4(1), 29-36.
  • Higgins, C., Duxbury, L., & Johnson, K. L. (2000). Part-time work for women : Does it really help balance work and family ? Human Resource Management, 39(1), 17-32. 3.0.CO;2-Y target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099050X(200021)39:1<17::AID-HRM3>3.0.CO;2-Y
  • Hobson, C. J., Delunas, L., & Kesic, D. (2001). Compelling evidence of the need for corporate work/life balance initiatives: Results from a national survey of stressful life-events. Journal of Employment Counseling, 38(1), 38-44.
  • Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195-204.
  • James, F., & Sudha, S. (2017). Moderating effect of work place support on the social life of night shift employees. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 10(6), 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2017/v10i6/115375
  • Jnaneswar, K. (2016). Relationship between work-life balance, turnover intention, and organizational support for work-life balance: A study in the IT industry in Kerala. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 9(5), 33-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2016/v9i5/92569
  • Kala, K., Akbar Jan, N., Subramani, A. K., & Banureka, R. (2017). Upshot of occupational stress on work life balance of employees working in information technology organizations in Chennai. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 10(7), 50-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2017/v10i7/116494
  • Karatepe, O. M., & Bekteshi, L. (2008). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family facilitation and family-work facilitation among frontline hotel employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27(4), 517-528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2007.09.004
  • Kumar, K., & Chaturvedi, R. (2017). Work-life balance and job satisfaction from the perspective of multiple job holding women : Comparative analysis of generational cohorts. International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 6(5), 32-40.
  • Lakshminarayanan, S., Pai, Y. P., & Ramaprasad, B. S. (2016). Managerial competencies, self efficacy, and job performance : A path analytic approach. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 9(10), 7-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2016/v9i10/103068
  • Madipelli, S., Sarma, V. S. V., & Chinnappaiah, Y. (2013). Factors causing work life imbalance among working women-A study on school teachers. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 48(4), 621-633.
  • Maharshi, N., & Chaturvedi, R. (2015). A study of factors-affecting work-life balance of women employees working in public and private sector banks of Rajasthan. Asia Pacific Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 4(1), 93-108.
  • Marcinkus, W. C., Whelan-Berry, K. S., & Gordon, J. R. (2007). The relationship of social support to the work-family balance and work outcomes of midlife women. Women in Management Review, 22(2), 86-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649420710732060
  • Marsh, H. W., & Hocevar, D. (1985). Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: First- and higher order factor models and their invariance across groups. Psychological Bulletin, 97(3), 562-582.
  • Mathew, R. V, & Panchanatham, N. (2011). An exploratory study on the work-life balance of women entrepreneurs in South India. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 6(2), 77-105.
  • McCarthy, A., Cleveland, J. N., Hunter, S., Darcy, C., & Grady, G. (2013). Employee work-life balance outcomes in Ireland: A multilevel investigation of supervisory support and perceived organizational support.International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(6), 1257–1276. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.709189
  • Mehta, P., & Kundnani, N. (2015). Work-life balance at a glance-A synthetic review. Journal of Business Management & Social Sciences Research, 4(1), 49-53.
  • Metz, I. (2005). Advancing the careers of women with children. Career Development International, 10(3), 228-245. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430510598346
  • Mittal, K., Singh, K., & Sharma, G. (2017). Work-life balance and employee health: A cross-sectional analysis of manufacturing and service sectors. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 10(7), 34-49. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2017/v10i7/116493
  • Muthu Kumarasamy, M. A. P., Pangil, F., & Faizal Mohd Isa, M. (2015). Individual, organizational and environmental factors affecting work-life balance. Asian Social Science, 11(25), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n25p111
  • Namayandeh, H., Yaacob, S. N., & Juhari, R. (2010). The influences of work support and family support on work–family conflict (W-FC) among married female nurses in Shiraz-Iran. Journal of American Science, 6(12), 534-540. https://doi.org/10.5539/ach.v2n2p165
  • Nasurdin, A. M., & Driscoll, M. P. O. (2011). Work overload, parental demand, perceived organizational support, family support, and work-family conflict among New Zealand and Malaysian academics. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 40(3), 38-48.
  • Ninan, N., Chacko Roy, J., & Rani Thomas, M. (2019). Benefits of cross-training: Scale development and validity. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 12(6), 41-56. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2019/v12i6/144935
  • Omar, M. K., Mohd, I. H., & Ariffin, M. S. (2015). Workload, role conflict and work-life balance among employees of an enforcement agency in Malaysia. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 8(2), 52-57.
  • Pandu, A. A., Balu, A., & Poorani, K. (2013). Assessing work-life balance among IT & ITeS women professionals. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 48(4), 611-620.
  • Pareek, P., & Bagrecha, C. (2017). A thematic analysis of the challenges and work-life balance of women entrepreneurs working in small-scale industries. Vision, 21(4), 461-472. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262917739181
  • Rajak, R., & Chandra, B. (2017). A qualitative analysis on integrated approach towards teachers’ burnout and work engagement in Indian HEIs. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 10(7) 24-33. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2017/v10i7/116492
  • Rama Swathi, R. S. V, & Das Mohapatra, A. K. (2015). Work–life balance: Evolution and models-a study in the Indian context. International Journal of Science and Research, 6(5), 1910-1914.
  • Roos, E., Lahelma, E., & Rahkonen, O. (2006). Work–family conflicts and drinking behaviours among employed women and men. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 83(1), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.10.009
  • Ross, J. P., Intindola, M. L., & Boje, D. M. (2016). It was the best of times; it was the worst of times: The expiration of work–life balance. Journal of Management Inquiry, 26 (2), 202–215. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056492616675414
  • Satpal, Rathee, R., & Rajain, P. (2014). Women entrepreneurship : Challenges in the present technological era. International Journal of Advance Industrial Engineering, 2(2), 54-57.
  • Suresh, G., Sunil, M. P., & Khanna, A. (2019). Mobile banking technology adoption model: Revisiting the TAM approach. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical & Control System, 11(04), 1407-1415.
  • Swarnalatha, T. (2013). An empirical analysis of work–life balance on women employees: A study with reference to banking sector at Chennai (Doctoral dissertation). Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.
  • Uddin, M., & Manir Chowdhury, M. (2015). An investigation into the issues of work-life balance of women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 17(4), 07-17.
  • Valk, R., & Srinivasan, V. (2011). Work–family balance of Indian women software professionals : A qualitative study. IIMB Management Review, 23(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2010.10.010
  • Vijayalakshmi, K. (2012). Satisfaction with work–life balance: A study of women police personnel in Hyderabad. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 5(8), 4–10. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2012/v5i8/60238

Abstract Views: 171

PDF Views: 0




  • Work-Life Balance Among Women Anganwadi Workers in Bengaluru

Abstract Views: 171  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Sarayu Sudhindra
Research Scholar, Post Graduate, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru - 560 029, India
G. Vasanth Kumar
Research Scholar (Corresponding Author), Post Graduate, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru - 560 029, India
B. Valarmathi
Associate Professor, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru - 560 029, India

Abstract


Over the past few years, work–life balance has evolved into a matter of significant concern. Both men and women strive to achieve a steady professional and personal life. In reality, women are more prone to experiencing such challenges. The paper attempted to understand work-life balance among Anganwadi workers (women-dominant centres). The research focused on the impact of job satisfaction, work overburden, workplace support, family support, and dependent care on the work-life balance of Anganwadi workers. For the purpose of the study, a structured questionnaire was administered to 467 participants. Statistical technique used for the study was regression model. The results indicated that workplace support and family support had a positive impact on the work–life balance among Anganwadi workers. The findings also suggested that work overburden and dependent care had a negative impact on work-life balance. The results also contradicted the hypotheses by portraying that job satisfaction was not a significant factor that impacted the work-life balance among Anganwadi workers. However, many other variables such as emotional intelligence, job autonomy, turnover intention, absenteeism, and work engagement - that could potentially impact work-life balance - were not taken into consideration.

Keywords


Anganwadi Workers, Structural Equation Modeling, Validity And Reliability, Women Workers, Work–Life Balance.

JEL Classification Codes : I31, J28, M12, M54.

Paper Submission Date: September 30, 2019; Paper Sent Back for Revision: February 18, 2020; Paper Acceptance Date: February 25, 2020.


References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom%2F2020%2Fv13i3%2F151177