Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Lab–Built Semi-Automated Stop–Flow System for Spectrophotometric Phosphate Determination in Different Water Samples


Affiliations
1 Marine Chemistry Department, Marine Science Center, University of Basra, Iraq
2 Chemistry Department, Education College for Pure Sciences, University of Basra, Iraq
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


A lab built semi-automated stopped-flow system was employed for spectrophotometric determination of phosphate in different water samples. The construction system consists made software programs. The first one was UNO type used to control and manipulates a home-made injection-pump stepper-motor type to control the reaction-time in the flow cell. The other one was Mega type and which was used as data-logger to manipulate and recording the results as stopped-flow peaks by using Microsoft Excel 2010 program. The linearity was up to 2 μg/ml with regression coefficient of 0.9960. The detection limit was 0.05 μg/ml and the samples can be analyzed at rate exceeding 45 samples/h.

Keywords

Stopped-Flow, Arduino, Uno, Mega, Phosphate, Injection Pump.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Al-Sowdani, K. H. and N.A.H. Al-Bahaly, Determination of some Nutrients By Home-made Ion Chromatography, IJSR,, (2016), 11.
  • Al-Sowdani, K.H. and Y.S. Al-Jorani, Determination of phosphate levels in the southern part of Al-Hammar marsh water by flow injection analysis, Mesopot. J. Mar. Sci., (2010): 25 (1):99–109.
  • Banzi, M., Getting Started with Arduino, O’Reilly, Sebastopol, (2008).
  • Blum, R., Sams Teach Yourself Arduino™ Programming in 24 Hours, Sams, Indiana, (2015).
  • Christian, G., P. K. Dasgupta, K. A. Schug, Analytical Chemistry,7th Ed, WILEY, (2014).
  • Estela, J. M., V. Cerd`a, Flow analysis techniques for phosphorus: an overview, Talanta, (2005);66: 307–331.
  • Gomez-Hens, A., D. Perez-Bendito, The stopped-flow Review technique in analytical chemistry, Acta, (1991); 242:141-117.
  • Monk, S., 30 Arduino Projects for the Evil Genius, McGrau Hill, New York, (2010).
  • Oxer, J., H. B. Mor, Practical Arduino: Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware, Technology in Action,(2009).
  • Grasshoff K., K. Kremlingl, M. Ehrhardt, Methods of seawater analysis, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,(1999).
  • Walkowiak, M., A. Nehring, Using Chem Duino, Excel, and PowerPoint as Tools for Real-Time Measurement Representation in Class, J. Chem. Educ.,(2016); 93 (4):778–780.
  • Worsfold, P., I. McKelvie, P. Monbetc, Determination of phosphorus in natural waters: A historical review, Acta, (2016);918:8-20.

Abstract Views: 248

PDF Views: 0




  • Lab–Built Semi-Automated Stop–Flow System for Spectrophotometric Phosphate Determination in Different Water Samples

Abstract Views: 248  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Mohammad Th. K. Al-Balaawi
Marine Chemistry Department, Marine Science Center, University of Basra, Iraq
K. H. Al-Sowdani
Chemistry Department, Education College for Pure Sciences, University of Basra, Iraq

Abstract


A lab built semi-automated stopped-flow system was employed for spectrophotometric determination of phosphate in different water samples. The construction system consists made software programs. The first one was UNO type used to control and manipulates a home-made injection-pump stepper-motor type to control the reaction-time in the flow cell. The other one was Mega type and which was used as data-logger to manipulate and recording the results as stopped-flow peaks by using Microsoft Excel 2010 program. The linearity was up to 2 μg/ml with regression coefficient of 0.9960. The detection limit was 0.05 μg/ml and the samples can be analyzed at rate exceeding 45 samples/h.

Keywords


Stopped-Flow, Arduino, Uno, Mega, Phosphate, Injection Pump.

References