Coumarins as Potential Anticoagulant Agents

Major classes of plant metabolites that display a diversity of bioactivities are the Coumarin derivatives. At present, majority of the clinical anti-coagulant agents are coumarins, namely dicoumarol, acenocoumarol and warfarin. The victims who consume coumarins are antidotes should be kept under observation for unfavorable reaction. Phenprocoumon and warfarin, the Vitamin K adversaries, are the front-line oral anti-coagulants for prime and peripheral inhibition of cerebral embolism in victims with atrial fibrillation. Vitamin K adversaries have the capacity of reducing the risk of stroke exceptionally, but their usage is curbed due to some major disadvantages, such as the risk of intracranial and gastrointestinal bleeding, the requirement for systematic laboratory tests for therapy adjustment, interactions with a number of drugs and nutrients, and narrow therapeutic window. At present, latest oral anti-coagulants, namely direct factor Xa inhibitors (e.g., apixaban, rivaroxaban) and direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., dabigatran), are evolved and tried out in clinical experiments. For the inhibition of cerebral embolism in victims with atrial fibrillation, Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran are currently validated. The role of blood clotting in challenging areas such as the therapeutic potentials of influence over coagulation and the pathogenesis of illness of uncertain etiology shows its biologic and pathologic importance. With growing tempo, acquiring from numerous disciplines – physical, biochemical, physiologic, biochemical, pathologic and clinical, progression has happened swiftly. Adequate proficiency has become handy for over 2 decades in order to grant comprehensive therapeutic requisition. Extensive usage of anti-coagulants and the possibility of their augmentation as vascular and thrombo-embolic sickness have been becoming important as serious medical problems, thereby making re-examination of ample guiding essentials needful.