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Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

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2022

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Sahidin, I

A Review of Current Treatment for Triple-negative Breast Cancer (Tnbc)

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Authors

Ajeng Diantini ¹, Wahyuni ¹, Mohammad Ghozali ², I Sahidin ³

Affiliations
1 1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor,, ID
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor,, ID
3 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari,, ID

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 15, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 409-418

Abstract

We reviewed about the Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its treatment. We collected credible data from scientific database such as google scholar and Pubmed from published literatures between 2015 to 2020. According the collected literature, TNBC is one of breast cancer type can be found in women with breast cancer. It estimated about 170.000 of TNBC cases worldwide. The ER-/PR-/HER2- TNBC is the character for TNBC, and it has the poorest prognosis among other breast cancer. The risk factor of TNBC is gender, age, breastfeeding status, and special race such as African-American and Hispanic. Besides, the BRCA-1 mutation is related to TNBC. The treatment of TNBC is including surgery and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. The surgery, including BCS (Breast-conserving surgery) or called as lumpectomy and mastectomy; chemotherapy agent sensitive to TBNC, including alkylator agents, anthracyclines, taxanes, platinum-based chemotherapy, vinca alkaloids, and antimetabolites; as well targeted therapy such as PARP1 and PARP2 inhibitor, CDK (Cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor, p%3 inhibitor, CHK1 inhibitor, androgen antagonist, DNMT1 (DNA Methyltransferase 1) inhibitor, Anti-EGFR, PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor, and anti-VEGF. These treatments are used both in early and metastatic stage of TNBC, alone or in combination.

Keywords

Breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer, Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy.

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Effect of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training with Biofeedback on Stress Urinary Incontinence in Females, Kelantan, Malaysia: A Pilot Study

Abstract Views :140 | PDF Views:0

Authors

Mus Ifaya ¹, Ahmad Muhtadi ², Ida Musfiroh ³, I Sahidin ⁴, Amar Ma’ruf ⁵, Syawal Abdurrahman ⁶

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran., IN
2 Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran., IN
4 Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, ID
5 Departemen of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mandala Waluya Kendari High School of Health Science, Southeast Sulawesi, ID
6 Departement of Medical Laboratory Technology, Mandala Waluya Kendari High School of Health Science, Southeast Sulawesi, ID

Source

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 15, No 4 (2022), Pagination: 1837-1842

Abstract

Introduction: Lawsonia inermis L is a medicinal herb from Lythraceae family. This plant is proven to be able to treat various diseases. Lawsonia inermis L is one of the flowering plant of a single species of the genus Lawsonia. This plant contains the main active compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and essential oils. Flavonoids and phenols are the active compounds which most commonly found. Objective : This study aims to determine the quality parameters of the extract which include specific and non-specific parameters, antioxidant activity and total flavonoid content in purified extracts of Lawsonia inermis L. Methodology: The extract was obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol. Purified extract was obtained by separating the chlorophyll and tannins contained in the sample using ethanol and aqudes, then continued by partitioning using ethyl acetate and adding MgSO₄ as a drying agent. The ethyl acetate phase was concentrated using a Rotary Vacuum Evaporator to obtain a purified extract with a reddish black color. Furthermore, the extract was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) using eluent n-hexane: ethyl acetate (1: 1). Result : Specific parameters include organoleptic observations, water-soluble compounds and ethanol-soluble compounds, while non-specific parameters include drying loss, moisture content, total ash content, acid soluble content, specific gravity, microbial contamination, mold/yeast contamination, Pb metal contamination, Cd and As. The antioxidant activity assay used the DPPH method and the IC50 value was 39.07 mg / L, while the total flavonoid test used quercetin as a comparison and the total flavonoid content was 3.29%. Conclusion : The purified extract of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves comply the quality standard of the extract, has very strong antioxidant activity and contains flavonoids.

Keywords

Lawsonia inermis L, Standardization, Radical DPPH, Total Flavonoids.

Full Text

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