Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Vidya Bhagat ¹, Sheila Menon ²

Affiliations
1 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MY
2 London College of Clinical Hypnosis Asia, MY

Abstract

The anxiety can impact students negatively or positively. It is normal to have anxiety for students in universities when they confront various demands of the university as well as personal life. The students who face a high level of anxiety can get negatively impacted on their physical, emotional; cognitive functioning results in poor academic performance. Reviewed articles had explored a high levels of anxiety among university students also the usefulness of self-hypnosis in the management of anxiety. The aim of this study is to notify the high level of anxiety amongst university students impacting educational performance. To conceptualize the benefits of self-hypnosis in managing student’s anxiety levels. This literature review was completed using electronic databases. The study had analysed 50 articles from the years 1960 to 2018. The reviewed articles were regarding anxiety it’s negative and positive correlates and its impact on educational performance. Current study concludes high level anxiety among student’s impacts student’s educational performance; its important conceptualizing and understanding this fact by the students themselves, academicians and educationalists in the universities. The study also suggests that introducing interventional programmes in the university should be practiced to promote overall health and emotional wellbeing among the student population. Self-hypnosis training would be helpful for the students which they can make use when they get over anxious.

Keywords

High Anxiety, Educational Performance, Self-Hypnosis.

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Vidya Bhagat ¹, Nordin Bin Simbak ¹, Sheila Menon ²

Affiliations
1 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MY
2 London College of Clinical Hypnosis Asia, MY

Abstract

Adolescence characterized the highest rate of neurodevelopment; their levels of cognitive, social and emotional capacities relatively at the peak. Transiting from childhood to adulthood intensively preparing for the responsibilities of adulthood is challenging for adolescents. It is a period of stress and storms the pressures of modern day life can affect a child’s mental and emotional wellbeing. Thus, there is a need for parental awareness regarding various biological and psychological factors involved in their adaption process. The current review study aims to explore different aspects of an adaption process and need for parental awareness. This literature review was completed using electronic databases. The current study had analyzed 70 articles from the years 1933 to 2018. Reviewed articles had explored an adolescent behavior from different a perspective and also learned the need for parental awareness to stand beside adolescents to promote their identity formation process. The study concludes in its place of stigmatizing adolescents are weird conceptualize the wonderful part of them. Further, the study suggests that governmental and non-governmental organizations conduct should conduct awareness programs for the parents and teachers, and educators to promote adolescent health and wellbeing. The current review study had analyzed that weirdness and wonderfulness in adolescents’ behavior. Further study concludes parents and teachers should be aware of these lifespan developmental facts that adolescents’ undergo. Developing awareness among parents and educators can change their perspective towards adolescence. Parents and teachers need to conceptualize wonderful qualities in adolescents like neuronal plasticity, ability to flex, quick learning and adaptability may help to mend adolescents to grow as a healthy adult.

Keywords

Adolescence, Adaption Process, Identity Formation, Parental Awareness.

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Myat Moe Thwe Aung ¹, San San Oo ¹, Azmi Bin Hassan ¹, Safiya Binti Amaran ¹, Megat Mustaqim Bin Megat Iskandar ¹, Aniza Binti Abd Aziz ¹, Rahmah Binti Mohd Amin ¹, Tengku Mohammad Ariff Bin Raja Hussin ¹, Vidya Bhagat ¹

Affiliations
1 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MY

Abstract

Introduction: The smoking is social malice causing ill health in smokers its prevalence commonly associated with social and demographic factors associated with smoking, specifically people’s knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Purpose of this study is to explore the factors associated with the prevalence of smoking among the respondents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional community study involving 349 eligible residents aged 15 years and above in Kampung Gong Penaga sub-urban village in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Data were obtained via face-to-face interviews using a standardized, self-administered questionnaire. Multiple logistics regression with forwarding likelihood ratio method was applied to explore the factors associated with the prevalence of smoking among the respondents. Results: The overall prevalence of smoking was 27.2% (95% CI: 22.5, 31.9). The respondents’ knowledge score was ranged from 14 to 57 with mean score of 47.15 (6.89) meanwhile the attitude score was ranged from 50 to 133 with mean score of 102.13 (11.93) regarding tobacco smoking and its effect on health issues. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed being male (p <0.001), being employed (p =0.025), having smokers in the family (p =0.002), having colleague or friend smokers (p <0.001) and total attitude score were found to be significant associated with prevalence of smoking among the respondents. Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking among Malaysians aged 15 years and over, remains high despite the implementation of several anti-smoking measures over the past decades. Tobacco smoking and its effect on health among Malaysian residents were directly influenced by overall attitude and their peers and their family smoking behaviours. Having knowledge does not appear to be related to smoking behaviours. Thus the study recommends health care providers, and authorities should program their preventive measures that focus on attitudinal change among smokers which promote anti-smoking activities and curb this social malaise

Keywords

Tobacco, Smoking. Knowledge, Attitude, Other Factors.

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Sanusi Sani ¹, Zayyanu Shitu ², Faatimah Bah ², Tijjani Salihu Shinkafi ³, San San Oo ⁴, Zaw Aung ⁴, Vidya Bhagat

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, IN
2 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, Kuala Terengganu, MY
3 Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, NG
4 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kota Campus, Kuala Terengganu, MY

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is disease of global concern. There were almost 4000 million diabetic people in 2013, and they number is expected to be up to 592 million in the next two decades. DM causes various caridovascular complications. In additiion to that, in some patients, it may lead to ocular damage, kidney diseases, nerve damage and many more complications. This review highlighs the magnitude DM, its pathopysiotholgy and complications associated with patients with DM. It also give a picture of how dietary management as well as physical activities can help in the management of body gluecose. The paper highlights the pharmacological therapy of DM using different pharmacological drug classes. In addition, it also highlights how fixed dose combination of antidiabetic medication offer a means of simplifying dosing and timing schedules for number of medications, improve efficacy, lowers risk of adverse effect and are cost effective. In conclusion this paper highlights how a collaborative effort of a diabetologists, a dietician and a pharmacologist can have an effective management of DM in patients.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Fixed-dose Combination, Pharmacotherapy.

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Myat San Yi ¹, Khin Than Yee ¹, San San Oo ², Vidya Bhagat ², Soe Lwin ¹, Mi Mi Khaing ¹, Thidar Soe ¹, Myat Moe Thwe Aung ², San Thitsa Aung ²

Affiliations
1 Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, MY
2 University Sultan Zainal Abidin Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MY

Abstract

Bedside teaching is one of the most important modality of clinical teaching method in the presence of a patient which delivers practical essentials to the budding doctors. It emphasis on training medical students, residents and internes in history taking and physical examination skills which play a vital role in getting the diagnosis. Indeed, medicine is learned by the bedside teaching rather than classroom teaching stated by an eminent personality Sir William Osler. In the past few decades the significance of the bedside teaching is gradually fading off with the advancement in the medical technology. Most educators were confused about role of bedside teaching; number of researches is popping up with this regard. The aim of the current study was to determine how the first clinical year students perceive and reflect on bedside teaching method in their first encounter and to identify the different attitudes towards learning. It was a cross-sectional, questionnaire based study. One hundred and two, year three medical students of first clinical year from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), chosen for the study using convenience sampling method. The study showed that the students were satisfied in most of the categories of BST. The study explored students expectations like “to get more information over the topic as much as possible” and can assess their preference such as “if know the topic beforehand”, “more interactive” and “delivered take home message”. The negative feedback like ‘stressful’ and ‘boring’ also helped the teachers how to engage the learners during the BST. This study will help to assess the satisfaction of students or the most important stakeholders of our university regarding their learning process. This feedback from the students supports the effort to improve in teaching method so that teachers can produce best professionals in the field. It is a beneficial and reliable study in terms of perspectives in developing the best teaching methods.

Keywords

Bedside Teaching, Feedback, Medical Students, Satisfaction.

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Sheila Menon ¹, Vidya Bhagat ²

Affiliations
1 London College of Clinical Hypnosis Asia, LSCCH Asia, 807 Block B Phileo Damansara 1, Jalan Damansara, Section 16/11 Petaling Jaya Selangor 46350, MY
2 A.J. Institute of Hospital Management, Mangalore Rajeev Gandhi University., IN

Abstract

There is a growing incidence of suicides in young people and it is now one of the leading causes of death among youth around the globe. The resulting trend of young avoidable deaths affects psychosocial and socio-economic factors worldwide requiring a renewed focus from a public mental health perspective. There is a need for insights and better understanding that can shed light on the risk factors that contributing to suicidal behaviour in youth. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the most important risk factors affecting young people during the latter part of childhood and adolescents and advancement in preventive and interventions. Review study is processed through scoping previous literature PubMed, CrossRef, Google Scholar, and PMC free articles ranging from 2010 to 2022. The overviewed evidences on suicidal risk among young youth\adolescents abled the researchers of this study to conceptualize and get insightful information’s suicidal risk amongst youth\adolescents in different perspectives, taking a background of socio-cultural, gender, age, mental disorders, personality traits, incidence of earlier suicide attempts, familial relationships, genetic, and neuropsychological factors which together produce an intolerable psychosocial distress in youth/adolescents that lead to suicidal behaviours. Further, analysis intellectualized with advancement in prevention and intervention that are helpful in reducing suicidal behaviours in this vulnerable group. It is only by straightening out the information and understanding suicidal behaviours with multifaceted interchangeable factors and walk hand in hand with advancement in prevention and interventions strategies that would reduce this behavioural malaise.

Keywords

Public mental health, Suicide, Youth, Risk factors, Prevention.

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