Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology)

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Toxicological Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Liver, Kidney and Testis of Indian Catfish Clarias batrachus


Affiliations
1 Department of Bioscience, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
2 Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
3 Department of Zoology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Aquatic organisms come in direct contact with the pesticides that sprayed onto the agricultural lands are washed out by the rain water. Fishes are affected by exposure to these pesticides. The present study was conducted to determine the toxicity of lambda cyhalothrin on the kidney, liver & testis and biochemical, hematological, behavioural parameters of Clarias batrachus. Control group fed with normal diet and kept for 15 and 30 days. The treated groups included normal diet along with 1.33 μg L-1 of Lambda-cyhalothrin for 15 days and 30 days. The treatment group exhibited disrupted shoaling behaviour characterized by irregular, erratic, and darting swimming movements and loss of equilibrium. Administration of lambda cyhalothrin also causes damage to the tissues of the testes, kidney and liver. Marked changes in the histo-architecture of these organs were observed. All these results suggest that the lambda cyhalothrin induced changes in C. batrachus directly or indirectly by modulating the physiological functions in the fishes.

Keywords

Insecticide, Behavioural Studies, Histopathology, Haematology, Enzymology.
User
Subscription Login to verify subscription
Notifications
Font Size

  • Stoytcheva M. Pesticides in the modern world-risks and benefits. Role of Pesticides in Human Life in the Modern Age. Intech open access publisher; 2011.

  • Kumar V, Singh S, Singh J, et al. Potential of plant growth promoting traits by bacteria isolated from heavy metal contaminated soils. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2015b;94:807-814.

  • Singh S, Kashyap N, Singla S, et al. Bioremediation of heavy metals by employing resistant microbial isolates from agricultural soil irrigated with Industrial Waste water. Oriental J Chem 2015;31(1):357-361.

  • Kumar V, Singh S, Manhas A, et al. Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon by using Pseudomonas species isolated from petroleum contaminated soil. Oriental J Chem 2014;30(4):1771-1776.

  • Kumar V, Upadhyay N, Kumar V, et al. A review on sample preparation and chromatographic determination of acephate and methamidophos in different samples. Arab J Chem 2015a doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.12.007.

  • Kumar V, Upadhyay N, Kumar V, et al. Environmental exposure and health risks of the insecticide monocrotophos: a review. J Biodivers Environ Sci 2014;5:111–120.

  • Kumar V, Upadhyay N, Singh S, Singh J, Kaur P Thin-layer chromatography: comparative estimation of soil’s atrazine. Curr World Environ 2013b;8:469–473.

  • Kumar V, Upadhyay N, Wasit AB, et al. Spectroscopic methods for the detection of organophosphate pesticides: a preview. Curr World Environ 2013a;8(2):313–318.

  • Saha S., Kaviraj A. Acute Toxicity of Synthetic Pyrethroid Cypermethrin to Some Freshwater Organisms. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008;80:49-52.

  • Yousef MI. Vitamin E modulates reproductive toxicity of pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin in male rabbits. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48:1152-1159.

  • Chowdhury A, Pradhan S, Saha M, et al. Impact of pesticides on soil microbiological parameters and possible bioremediation strategies. Ind J Microbiol 2008;48:114-127.

  • Piner P, Üner N. Neurotoxic effects of lambda‐cyhalothrin modulated by piperonyl butoxide in the brain of Oreochromis niloticus. Environ Toxicol 2014;29:1275-1282.

  • CDPR, California Department of Pesticide Regulation Pesticide Use Database, 2006.

  • Gunasekaran, K., Sahu, S. S., Vijayakumar, T., Subramanian, S., & Jambulingam, P. Effect of house spraying with lambdacyhalothrin 10 per cent capsule suspension (CS) formulation in comparison with 10 per cent wettable powder (WP) against malaria vector in Malkangiri district, Odisha, India. The Ind J Med Res 2014;140(4):538.

  • Velmurugan, B., Selvanayagam, M., Cengiz, E. I., & Unlu, E. Histopathology of lambda-cyhalothrin on tissues (gill, kidney, liver and intestine) of Cirrhinus mrigala. Environ Toxicol Pharma 2007;24(3):286-291.

  • Kumar A, Sharma B, Pandey RS. Assessment of acute toxicity of λ-cyhalothrin to a freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. Environ Chem Lett 2011;9(1):43-46.

  • Bergmeyer HU, Bernt E. In methods of enzymatic analysis, Bergmeyer HU, Editor. Academic Press Weimheim (NY and London); 1963;1347-1353.

  • Reitman S, Frankel DA. Calorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamate oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. AMJ Clinical Pathol 1957;28:56-63.

  • Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951;193:265-275.

  • Bones RW, Tausky HH. Colorimetric determination of creatinine by the Jaffe reaction. J Biol Chem 1945;158:581-591.

  • Demoute JP. A brief review of the environmental fate and metabolism of pyrethroids. Pest Sci 1989;27:375-385.

  • Khan MZ, Law FCP. Adverse effects of pesticides and related chemicals onenzyme and hormone systems of fish, amphibians and reptiles: a review. Proceed Pak Acad Sci 2005;42:315-323.

  • Chebbi SG, David M. Neurobehavioral responses of the freshwater teleost, cyprinus carpio (linnaeus) under quinalphos intoxication. Biotech Anim Husband 2009;25:241-249.

  • Wedemeyer GA, McLeay DJ, Goodyear CP. Assessing the tolerance of fish and fish populations to environmental stress: the problems and methods of monitoring. Adv Environ Sci Tech 1984;164-195.

  • Omoregie E. Change in the haematology of the Nile tilapia under the influence of crude oil stress. J Environ Sci 1998;1(2):118-123.

  • Agrawal SJ, Srivastava AK, Chaudhary HS. Haemotological effect of nickel toxicity on fresh water teleosts Colisa fasciatus. Acta Pharmcol Toxicol 1979;45:215-217.

  • Mahajan CL, Juneja CJ. Effect of Aldrin on peripheral blood of fish C. punctatus (Bloch). Ind J Env Hlth 1979;21:162-172.

  • Das BK, Mukherjee SC. Toxicity of cypermethrin in Labeo rohita fingerlings: biochemical, enzymatic and haematological consequences. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C Toxicol Pharmacol 2003;134:109-121.

  • Cole GW, Bradley. Hospital admission laboratory profile interpretation. The SGOT and SLDH-SGOT ratio used for the diagnosis of hepatic disease. Hum Pathol 1973;4:85.

  • Oruc, EO, Uner N. Effects of 2,4-Diamin on some parameters of protein and carbohudrates metabolism in the serum, muscle and liver of Cyprinus carpio. Environ Poll 1999;105: 267-272.

  • Sadhu AK, Chowdhury DK, Mukhopadhyay PK. Relationship between serum enzymes, histological features and enzymes in hepatopancreas after sublethal exposure to malathion and phosphamidon in the murrel Channa striatus (BL.). Int J Environ Stud 1985;24:35-41.

  • Al-Attar AM. Biochemical effects of short-term cadmium exposure on the freshwater fish, Oreochromis niloticus. J Biol Sci 2005;5:260-265.

  • Prasunpriya ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). Toxicological Profile for Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids. Report dated September; 2003.

  • Harper AJ, Rodwell VM, Meyer PA. Review of physiological chemistry, 16th ed. Large Medical Pub. Los. Actor., California; 1977.

  • Ivanova-Chemishanska L, Izmirova N. 35S-cysteine incorporation into protein synthesis of the liver and testes in subacute oral poisoning with zineb, maneb and mancozeb]. Problemi na khigienata 1976;3:19-24.

  • Gill TS, Pande, J, Tewari, H. Sublethal effects of an organophosphorus insecticide on certain metabolite levels in a freshwater fish, Puntius conchonius Hamilton. Peptic Biochem Physiol 1990;36:290-299.

  • Yadav RP, Singh D, Singh SK, Singh A. Metabolic changes in Freshwater Fish Channa punctatus due to stem-bark extract of Croton tiglium. Pak J Biol Sci 2003;6:1223-1228.

  • Kumar, A., Rai DK, Sharma B, et al. λ-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin induced in-vivoalterations in the activity of acetylcholinesterase in a freshwater fish, Channa punctatus ( Bloch). Pest Biochem Physiol 2009;93:96–99.

  • Binukumar BK, Gill KD. Cellular and Molecular mechanisms of dichlorvos neurotoxicity: Cholinergic, noncholinergic, cell signaling, gene expression and therapeutic aspects. Ind J Exp Biol 2010;48:697-709.

  • Lakkawar AW, Chattopadhyay SK, Somvanshi R. Experimental cypermethrin toxicity in rabbits - a clinical and patho-anatomical study. Med Vet Entomol 2004;85: 187-191.

  • Gopinath G, Mahapatra AK, Nayar U, et al.Transplantation of embryonic neocortex in the caudate-putamen of adult rat. Ind J Med Res 1987;86:246-252.

  • Tayebati SK, Di Tullio MA, Ricci A, Amenta F. Influence of dermal exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin on rat brain microanatomy and cholinergic/dopaminergic neurochemistry. Behav Brain Res 2009;1301:180-188.

  • Bahmanpour S, Khooshnood MJ, Kazerroni H, et al. Toxicological effects of amitriptyline on sex hormone level of male rats. Toxicol Lett 2008;180:S127.


Abstract Views: 854

PDF Views: 0




  • Toxicological Effects of Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Liver, Kidney and Testis of Indian Catfish Clarias batrachus

Abstract Views: 854  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Jasdeep Singh
Department of Bioscience, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Simranjeet Singh
Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
Shivika Datta
Department of Zoology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
Joydeep Dutta
Department of Zoology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
Anchal Saini
Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
Joginder Singh
Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

Abstract


Aquatic organisms come in direct contact with the pesticides that sprayed onto the agricultural lands are washed out by the rain water. Fishes are affected by exposure to these pesticides. The present study was conducted to determine the toxicity of lambda cyhalothrin on the kidney, liver & testis and biochemical, hematological, behavioural parameters of Clarias batrachus. Control group fed with normal diet and kept for 15 and 30 days. The treated groups included normal diet along with 1.33 μg L-1 of Lambda-cyhalothrin for 15 days and 30 days. The treatment group exhibited disrupted shoaling behaviour characterized by irregular, erratic, and darting swimming movements and loss of equilibrium. Administration of lambda cyhalothrin also causes damage to the tissues of the testes, kidney and liver. Marked changes in the histo-architecture of these organs were observed. All these results suggest that the lambda cyhalothrin induced changes in C. batrachus directly or indirectly by modulating the physiological functions in the fishes.

Keywords


Insecticide, Behavioural Studies, Histopathology, Haematology, Enzymology.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.22506/ti%2F2015%2Fv22%2Fi3%2F137637