Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology)

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Melatonin Attenuates 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Toxicity in Kidney of Mice


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1 Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad – 380009, Gujarat, India
     

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Protective effects of melatonin against 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induced nephrotoxicity in adult albino male mice of Swiss strain were evaluated in the present study. Twenty adult male albino mice were assigned into four groups with five mice in each group. Group I served as control; Group II - melatonin alone (10 mg/kg body weight); Group III - 2,4-D alone (50 mg/kg body weight) and Group IV - 2,4-D + melatonin was given orally for 45 days. Ameliorative effects of melatonin against oxidative stress of 2,4-D were evaluated by estimation of total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Glutathione (GSH) and Total Ascorbic Acid (TAA) level as well as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activity parameters. Effect of melatonin and 2,4-D alone and in combination on energy metabolism were also studied by assessment of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), Acid Phosphatase (ACP) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity. Along with this, the marker for kidney function i.e. creatinine was also evaluated in all studied groups. The significant value was considered at p<0.05. Significant reduction in levels of total protein, GSH, and TAA whereas an increase in MDA and creatinine levels were observed after 2,4-D treatment. Moreover, there was a decrease in the activity of SOD, CAT, SDH, ATPase, ACP, and ALP due to the herbicide treatment. These values were comparable to control when melatonin was given alone and in combination with 2,4-D. The study demonstrated nephroprotective potential of melatonin against oxidative stress and altered energy metabolism due to the toxicity of 2,4-D.


Keywords

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Kidney, Melatonin, Metabolic Status, Mitigation, Mouse, Oxidative Stress.
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  • Melatonin Attenuates 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Toxicity in Kidney of Mice

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Authors

Ashlesh M. Upadhyaya
Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad – 380009, Gujarat, India
Mandava V. Rao
Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad – 380009, Gujarat, India
Devendrasinh D. Jhala
Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad – 380009, Gujarat, India

Abstract


Protective effects of melatonin against 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induced nephrotoxicity in adult albino male mice of Swiss strain were evaluated in the present study. Twenty adult male albino mice were assigned into four groups with five mice in each group. Group I served as control; Group II - melatonin alone (10 mg/kg body weight); Group III - 2,4-D alone (50 mg/kg body weight) and Group IV - 2,4-D + melatonin was given orally for 45 days. Ameliorative effects of melatonin against oxidative stress of 2,4-D were evaluated by estimation of total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Glutathione (GSH) and Total Ascorbic Acid (TAA) level as well as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activity parameters. Effect of melatonin and 2,4-D alone and in combination on energy metabolism were also studied by assessment of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), Acid Phosphatase (ACP) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity. Along with this, the marker for kidney function i.e. creatinine was also evaluated in all studied groups. The significant value was considered at p<0.05. Significant reduction in levels of total protein, GSH, and TAA whereas an increase in MDA and creatinine levels were observed after 2,4-D treatment. Moreover, there was a decrease in the activity of SOD, CAT, SDH, ATPase, ACP, and ALP due to the herbicide treatment. These values were comparable to control when melatonin was given alone and in combination with 2,4-D. The study demonstrated nephroprotective potential of melatonin against oxidative stress and altered energy metabolism due to the toxicity of 2,4-D.


Keywords


2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Kidney, Melatonin, Metabolic Status, Mitigation, Mouse, Oxidative Stress.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/ti%2F2018%2Fv25i2%2F23566