Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

The Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effects of Carotenoids:A Review


Affiliations
1 Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Islamic Republic of
2 Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Islamic Republic of
 

Carotenoids are a big group of phytochemicals that have a wide variety of protective and medical properties. They are widespread in plants and photosynthetic bacteria and have many medical functions. Here in this article, we studied antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of four kinds of carotenoids (lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene and astaxanthin) besides briefly defining them and also mentioned some of their plant sources. So, we can say, the aim of this study was to show some of the ways they can lower blood glucose and prevent the oxidant damages. Many articles, including originals and reviews were scanned in this way, but only a few had a suitable data. All of our references were articles has been collected electronically from valid journals and databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, Springer and Google scholar. Beta-carotene is the most widely carotenoid in food prevent cancer and triggers the release of insulin and like lutein its antioxidant is useful for the prevention of macular degeneration. Lutein has also anticancer effects and reduces the ROS levels in the retina with diabetes. Lycopene helps to protect diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease. Astaxanthin has significant hypoglycemic effects. Both of lycopene and astaxanthin have powerful antioxidant activity. We suggest that each of these phytochemicals produces a kind of protect against diabetes and oxidative damages and also have other medical functions like anticancer, anti-inflammatory but further and deeper investigations are required in this field.

Keywords

Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Astaxanthin, β-Carotene, Lutein, Lycopene, Phytochemical.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Tiwari AK, Madhusudanarao J. Diabetes mellitus and multiple therapeutic approaches of phytochemicals: present status and future prospects. Current Science. 2002; 83(1):30–8.

  • Shirali S, Bathaie SZ, Nakhjavani M. Effect of crocin on the insulin resistance and lipid profile of streptozotocin‐ induced diabetic rats. Phytotherapy Research. 2013; 27(7):1042–7.

  • Brownlee M, Michael. Advanced protein glycosylation in diabetes and aging. Annual Review of Medicine. 1995; 46(1):223–34.

  • Nishikawa T, Edelstein D, Du XL, Yamagishi S-i, Matsumura T, Kaneda Y, et al. Normalizing mitochondrial superoxide production blocks three pathways of hyperglycaemic damage. Nature. 2000; 404(6779):787–90.

  • Pashazanousi MB, Raeesi M, Shirali S. Chemical composition of the essential oil, antibacterial and antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid evaluation of various extracts from leaves and fruit peels of Citrus limon. Asian Journal of Chemistry. 2012; 24(10):4331–4.

  • Dembinska-Kiec A, Mykkänen O, Kiec-Wilk B, Mykkänen H. Antioxidant phytochemicals against type 2 diabetes. British Journal of Nutrition. 2008; 99(E-S1):ES109–ES17.

  • Mayne ST. Beta-carotene, carotenoids, and disease prevention in humans. The FASEB Journal. 1996; 10(7):690–701.

  • Block G, Patterson B, Subar A. Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: a review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutrition and Cancer. 1992; 18(1):1–29.

  • Krasnovsky A, Paramonova L. Interaction of singlet oxygen with carotenoids-rate constants of physical and chemical quenching. Biofizika. 1983; 28(5):725–9.

  • Comstock GW, Bush TL, Helzlsouer K. Serum retinol, betacarotene, vitamin E, and selenium as related to subsequent cancer of specific sites. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1992; 135(2):115–21.

  • Sies H, Stahl W. Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids as antioxidants. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1995; 62(6):1315S–21S.

  • van Arnum SD. Vitamin A. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 2000; 172–92. Doi: 10.1002/0471238 961.2209200101181421.a01.

  • Higuera-Ciapara I, Felix-Valenzuela L, Goycoolea FM. Astaxanthin: a review of its chemistry and applications. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2006 Mar 1; 46(2):185–96.

  • Patel CJ, Chen R, Kodama K, Ioannidis JP, Butte AJ. Systematic identification of interaction effects between genomeand environment-wide associations in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Human Genetics. 2013; 132(5):495–508.

  • Agte V, Tarwadi K. The importance of nutrition in the prevention of ocular disease with special reference to cataract. Ophthalmic Research. 2010; 44(3):166–72.

  • Mueller L, Boehm V. Antioxidant activity of β-carotene compounds in different in-vitro assays. Molecules. 2011; 16(2):1055.

  • Watson RR, Preedy VR. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. Wallingford, UK: CABI; 2008.

  • Borek C. Antioxidants and the prevention of hormonally regulated cancer. Journal of Men’s Health and Gender. 2005; 2(3):346–52.

  • Nagasawa H, Mitamura T, Sakamoto S, Yamamoto K. Effects of lycopene on spontaneous mammary tumour development in SHN virgin mice. Anticancer Research. 1994; 15(4):1173–8.

  • Sesso HD, Liu S, Gaziano JM, Buring JE. Dietary lycopene, tomato-based food products and cardiovascular disease in women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2003; 133(7):2336–41.

  • Kohlmeier L, Kark JD, Gomez-Gracia E, Martin BC, Steck SE, Kardinaal AF, et al. Lycopene and myocardial infarction risk in the EURAMIC Study. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1997; 146(8):618–26.

  • Zhu HX, Zheng JX. A review: structure, distribution, properties and physiological functions of lutein. China Food Additives. 2005; 5:011.

  • Kun G, Jing-Bo C, Mei L, Yu-Shun Z, Kai-Yan D. Study on oxidative degradation of lutein. Chemical Research and Application. 1999; 5:034.

  • Miranda M, Araiz J, Romero F. Lutein and Diabetic Cataracts. 2013.

  • Ozawa Y, Kurihara T, Sasaki M, Ban N, Yuki K, Kubota S, Tsubota K. Neural degeneration in the retina of the streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes model. Experimental Diabetes Research. 2011 Nov 17; 108328:7. Doi:10.1155/2011/108328.

  • Edakkadath RS, Korengath CP, Ramadasan K. Antioxidant activity of carotenoid lutein in vitro and in vivo. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2010 Aug; 48(8): 843–8.

  • Wang J-j, Chen Z-q, Lu W-q. Hypoglycemic effect of astaxanthin from shrimp waste in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Medicinal Chemistry Research. 2012; 21(9):2363–7.

  • Naito Y, Uchiyama K, Aoi W, Hasegawa G, Nakamura N, Yoshida N, et al. Prevention of diabetic nephropathy by treatment with astaxanthin in diabetic db/db mice. Biofactors. 2004; 20(1):49–59.

  • Uchiyama K, Naito Y, Hasegawa G, Nakamura N, Takahashi J, Yoshikawa T. Astaxanthin protects β-cells against glucose toxicity in diabetic db/db mice. Redox Report. 2002; 7(5):290–3.

  • Ebrahimi E, Shirali S, Talaei R.The protective effect of marigold hydroalcoholic extract in STZ-induced diabetic rats: evaluation of cardiac and pancreatic biomarkers in the serum. Journal of Botany. 2016; 9803928:6. Doi:10.1155/2016/9803928.

  • Hosseini S, Gorjian M, Rasouli L, Shirali S. A comparison between the effect of green tea and kombucha prepared from green tea on the weight of diabetic rats. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia. 2015; 20(1):141–5.

  • Ebrahimi E, Bahramzadeh S, Hashemitabar M, Mohammadzadeh G, Shirali S, Jodat J. Effect of hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Citrullus colocynthis on induction of insulin secretion from isolated rat islets of Langerhans. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2016; 6(8):638–41.

  • Shirali S, Babaali S, Babaali H. A comparative study on the effects of incretin and metformin on sugar profile and insulin resistance in STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. 2016; 6(8):1921–29.

  • Kidmose U, Edelenbos M, Christensen LP, Hegelund E. Chromatographic determination of changes in pigments in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) during processing. J Chromatogr Sci. 2005; 46 (9):466–72.


Abstract Views: 415

PDF Views: 154




  • The Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effects of Carotenoids:A Review

Abstract Views: 415  |  PDF Views: 154

Authors

Miaad Sayahi
Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Saeed Shirali
Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Islamic Republic of

Abstract


Carotenoids are a big group of phytochemicals that have a wide variety of protective and medical properties. They are widespread in plants and photosynthetic bacteria and have many medical functions. Here in this article, we studied antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of four kinds of carotenoids (lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene and astaxanthin) besides briefly defining them and also mentioned some of their plant sources. So, we can say, the aim of this study was to show some of the ways they can lower blood glucose and prevent the oxidant damages. Many articles, including originals and reviews were scanned in this way, but only a few had a suitable data. All of our references were articles has been collected electronically from valid journals and databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, Springer and Google scholar. Beta-carotene is the most widely carotenoid in food prevent cancer and triggers the release of insulin and like lutein its antioxidant is useful for the prevention of macular degeneration. Lutein has also anticancer effects and reduces the ROS levels in the retina with diabetes. Lycopene helps to protect diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease. Astaxanthin has significant hypoglycemic effects. Both of lycopene and astaxanthin have powerful antioxidant activity. We suggest that each of these phytochemicals produces a kind of protect against diabetes and oxidative damages and also have other medical functions like anticancer, anti-inflammatory but further and deeper investigations are required in this field.

Keywords


Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Astaxanthin, β-Carotene, Lutein, Lycopene, Phytochemical.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/ajprhc%2F2017%2F7689