The Asian Journal of Animal Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Toxico-Pathological Studies on Experimentally Induced Lead Acetate Toxicity in Broiler Chickens with Protective Effect of Opuntia elatior and Withania eomnifera


Affiliations
1 Department of Pre-Clinical and Safety Evaluation, Torrent Research Centre – Bhat, GANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT), India
2 College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The present study was carried out to evaluate the toxico-pathological manifestation of lead acetate toxicity in broiler chickens with protective effect of Opuntia elatior fruit juice and extract of Withania somnifera. Lead acetate was administered at dose rate of 500 ppm in feed, P.O. for 21 days while Opuntia elatior fruit juice (3 ml/kg, P.O) and hydro-alcoholic extract of Withania somnifera (100 mg/kg) were administrated alone and in combination for consecutive 21 days in chickens of treatment groups. Symptoms of toxicity were observed after few days in chickens received only lead acetate. There was non-significant decrease in feed intake and body weight gain in birds of lead acetate treated group. Upon gross pathological examination, liver of birds from lead acetatetreatment group shown paleness, enlargement and fatty changes; whereas, kidneys shown haemorrhagic lesions and atrophy. Upon microscopic examination, liver of birds treated with lead acetate only showed varying degree of degenerative changes as well as vascular changes. Intestine of birds from lead treatment group showed denaturation and necrosis of tips of intestinal villi. No appreciable histopathological lesions were observed in the spleen and heart of birds in all treatment groups. In conclusion, administration of Opuntia elatior and Withania somnifera for longer period may improve performance of broilers chickens as well as act as protectant to organs.

Keywords

Opuntia elatior, Withania somnifera, Toxico-Pathology, Lead Acetate, Chickens.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Alghazal, M. A., Lenartova, V., Holovska, K., Sobekova, A., Falis, M. and Legath, J. (2008). Activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes in rats after lead exposure. Acta. Veterinaria. Brno.,77 (3): 347-354.

  • Alimi, H., Zouhour, B., Anwer, F., Najla, H., Mohsen, S. and Khemais, B. (2013).Opuntia ficusindica f. inermis fruit juice alleviates ethanol - induced kidney injury in rats. Asian J. Biomedical & Pharm. Sci., 3(19): 15-21.

  • Costa, R.G., Trevino, I.H., Medeiros, G.R., Medeiros, A.N., Pinto, T.F. and Oliveira, R.L. (2012). Effects of replacing corn with cactus pear (OpuntiaficusindicaMill.) on the performance of Santa Ines lambs. Small Rumin. Res., 102 (1): 13 – 17.

  • Dok-Go, H. Lee, K.H., Kim, H.J., Lee, E.H., Song, J.L.Y., Lee, Y.H. and Jin, C. (2003). Neuroprotective effects of antioxidative flavonoid, quercetin, (1)-dihydroquercetin and quercetin 3-methyl ether, isolated from Opuntiaficus-indica var. saboten. Brain Res., 965: 130–136.

  • Galati, E.M., Mondello, M.R., Giuffrida, D., Dugo, G., Miceli, N., Pergolizzi, S. and Taviano, M.F. (2003). Chemical characterization and biological effects of Sicilian [Opuntiaficusindica (L.) Mill.] fruit juice: antioxidant and antiulcerogenic activity. J. Agric. & Food Chem., 51(17): 4903-4908.

  • Galati, E. M., Mondello, M. R., Lauriano, E. R., Taviano, M. F., Galluzzo, M. and Miceli, N. (2005). [Opuntiaficusindica (L.) Mill.] fruit juice protects liver from carbon tetrachloride-induced injury. Phytotherapy, 19 : 796–800.

  • Goyer, R.A. (1988). Mechanisms of lead and cadmium nephrotoxicity. Toxicol. Lett., 46 (1-3):153-162.

  • Kantor, M. (2009). The role of rigorous scientific evaluation in the use and practice of complementary and alternative medicine. J. American College Radiol., 6 (4) : 254–262.

  • Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1999). Indian medicinal plants. 2ndEd, Vol. 2. Dehradun, India: International Book Distributors. 1173-1178 pp.

  • Kuti, J.O. (2004). Antioxidant compounds from four Opuntia cactus pear fruit varieties. Food Chem.,85: 527–533.

  • Luna, L.G. (1968). Routine staining procedures. Hematoxylin and eosin stains. Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. (McGraw-Hill, New York), 3rd Ed. pp. 32–39.

  • Patrick, L. (2006). Lead toxicity part II: the role of free radical damage and use of antioxidants in the pathology and treatment of lead toxicity. Alternat. Med. Rev., 11(2): 114-127.

  • Singh, A.K., Dhamanigi, S. S. and Asad, M. (2009). Anti-stress activity of hydro-alcoholic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus buds (clove). Indian J. Pharmacol., 41(1) : 28.

  • Sipmson, C.F., Damron, B.L. and Harms, R.H. (1970). Abnormalities of erythrocytes and renal tubules of chicks poisoned with lead. American J. Veterin. Res., 31 (3): 515-523.

  • Sujatha, K., Srilatha, C. H., Anjaneyulu, Y. and Amaravathi, P. (2011). Lead acetate induced nephrotoxicity in wistar albino rats, pathological, immunohistochemical and ultra-structural studies. Internat. J. Pharma & Bio Sci., 2(2): 459 - 469.

  • Suradkar, S.G., Ghodasara, D.J., Vihol, P., Patel, J., Jaiswal, V and Prajapati, K.S. (2009). Haemato-biochemical alterations induced by lead acetate toxicity in Wistar Rats. Veterin. World., 2 (11) : 429-431.

  • Vengris, V.E. and Mare, C.J. (1974). Lead poisoning in chickens and the effect of lead on interferon and antibody production. Canadian J. Comparative Med., 38 (3):328-335.


Abstract Views: 259

PDF Views: 0




  • Toxico-Pathological Studies on Experimentally Induced Lead Acetate Toxicity in Broiler Chickens with Protective Effect of Opuntia elatior and Withania eomnifera

Abstract Views: 259  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

T. M. Shah
Department of Pre-Clinical and Safety Evaluation, Torrent Research Centre – Bhat, GANDHINAGAR (GUJARAT), India
U. D. Patel
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
V. R. Nimavat
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
D. T. Fefar
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
V. A. Kalaria
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
B. B. Javia
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
H. H. Savsani
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India
C. R. Kotadiya
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, JUNAGADH (GUJARAT), India

Abstract


The present study was carried out to evaluate the toxico-pathological manifestation of lead acetate toxicity in broiler chickens with protective effect of Opuntia elatior fruit juice and extract of Withania somnifera. Lead acetate was administered at dose rate of 500 ppm in feed, P.O. for 21 days while Opuntia elatior fruit juice (3 ml/kg, P.O) and hydro-alcoholic extract of Withania somnifera (100 mg/kg) were administrated alone and in combination for consecutive 21 days in chickens of treatment groups. Symptoms of toxicity were observed after few days in chickens received only lead acetate. There was non-significant decrease in feed intake and body weight gain in birds of lead acetate treated group. Upon gross pathological examination, liver of birds from lead acetatetreatment group shown paleness, enlargement and fatty changes; whereas, kidneys shown haemorrhagic lesions and atrophy. Upon microscopic examination, liver of birds treated with lead acetate only showed varying degree of degenerative changes as well as vascular changes. Intestine of birds from lead treatment group showed denaturation and necrosis of tips of intestinal villi. No appreciable histopathological lesions were observed in the spleen and heart of birds in all treatment groups. In conclusion, administration of Opuntia elatior and Withania somnifera for longer period may improve performance of broilers chickens as well as act as protectant to organs.

Keywords


Opuntia elatior, Withania somnifera, Toxico-Pathology, Lead Acetate, Chickens.

References