Asian Journal of Home Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Diet and Lifestyle Assessment of Patients Suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy


Affiliations
1 Department of Home Science, P.G.T.D. Home Science, Rama Devi Women's College, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Diabetes is a disease in which either pancreas does not make enough insulin or there is insulin resistance, so that the glucose is unutilized by the liver, muscle and fat tissue properly. With diabetes for longer period of time the small blood vessels (micro) in the body are injured. When the blood vessels in the kidneys are injured, kidneys can not clean blood properly. Body will retain more water and salt than it should, which results in weight gain and ankle swelling which may have protein in urine. This may lead to diabetic nephropathy. The overall objective of this study was to asses diet and life style of the patients suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 Diabetic people with nephritic syndrome. The study carried out by investigating patient's family background, medical past history, physical examination, nutritional and lifestyle assessment, physical activity assessment, medical and nutritional problems associated with the help of interview cum questionnaire method. The results of the study revealed that majority of the respondents had diabetes with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and were suffering from Chronic Energy deficiency BMI. Fatigue and odema were the common symptoms found among most of the respondents. Starchy, spicy and too much sweet food was preferred by the patients. Taking 2-3 litres of soft water per day was observed among the respondents. Cereals, pulses, fats and oil, Milk and salt consumption was found to be less in comparison RDA in both male and female respondents which may be due to their ill health and dietary restriction. A positive trend was found in maintaining active style, taking regular diet and regular medicine and doing regular health check up among majority of the respondents which may be due to the impact of education, urbanization and mass media. Thus it can be suggested that controlling diabetes with high blood pressure, restricting protein and salt in the diet and maintaining active life style may be a solution to this problem.

Keywords

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), BMI, RDA, Life Style Odema.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Abate, N. and Chandalia, M. (2001). Ethnicity and type 2 diabetes - focus on Asian Indians. J. Diabetes & Its Complications, 15 : 320 - 327.

  • Abate, N. and Chandalia, M. (2003). The impact of ethnicity on type 2 diabetes. J. Diabetes & Its Complications, 17: 39-58.

  • Ahuja, M.M.S. (1991). Recent contributions to the epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in India. Internat. J. Diabetes Developing Countries, 11 : 5-9.

  • Balagopal, P., Kamalamma, N., Patel, T.G. and Misra, R. (2008). A community-based diabetes prevention and management education program in a rural village in India. Diabetes Care, 31 : 1097-1104.

  • Bjork, S., Kapur, A., King, H., Nair, J. and Ramachandaran, A. (2003). Global policy: aspects of diabetes in India. Health Policy, 66 : 61-72.

  • Boddula, R., Yadav, S., Bhatia, V., Genitta, G. and Pandey, D. (2008). High prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in affluent urban Indians. Diabetes Res. & Clinical Practice, 81(2): e4 - e7.

  • Deo, S.S., Zantye, A., Mokal, R., Mithbawkar, S., Rane, S. and Thakur, K. (2009). To identify the risk factors for high prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in Indian rural population. J. Diabetes Developing Countries, 24 : 109-114.

  • Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Sarna, M., Rastogi, S., Gupta, V.P. and Kothari, K. (2003). Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose and insulin resistance syndrome in an urban Indian population. Diabetes Res. & Clinical Practice, 61: 69-76.

  • ICMR (2005). Guidelines for Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Indian Council of Medical Research, 2005.

  • ICMR (2006). Assessment of Burden of NCDs. Indian Council of Medical Research, 2006.

  • Kokiwar, P.R., Gupta, S. and Durge, P.M. (2007). Prevalence of diabetes in a rural area of central India. Internat. J. Diabetes Developing Countries, 27 : 8-10.

  • Menon, V.U., Kumar, K.V., Gilchrist, A., Sugathan, T.N. and Sundaram, K.R. (2006). Prevalence of known and undetected diabetes and associated risk factors in central Kerala-ADEPS. Diabetes Res. & Clinical Practice, 74 : 289-294.

  • Misra, A., Chowbey, P., Makkar, B.M., Vikram, N.K. and Wasir, J.S. (2009). Consensus Group. Consensus Statement for Diagnosis of Obesity, Abdominal Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome for Asian Indians and Recommendations for Physical Activity, Medical and Surgical Management. J. Association of Physicians of India, 57 : 163-170.

  • Mohan, V., Mathur, P., Deepa, R., Deepa, M. and Shukla, D.K. (2008). Urban rural differences in prevalence of selfreported diabetes in India-The WHO-ICMR Indian NDC risk factor surveillance. Diabetes Res. & Clinical Practice, 80:159-168.

  • Montori, R. (2006). Systematic evaluation of the quality of randomized controlled trials in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29 : 1833-1838.

  • Mullican, D.R., Lorenzo, C. and Haffner, S.M. (2009). Is prehypertension a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes? Diabetes Care, 32 : 1870-1872.

  • Nagaya, T., Yoshida, H., Takahashi, H. and Kawai, M. (2009). Resting heart rate and blood pressure, independent of each other, proportionally raise the risk for type-2 diabetes mellitus. International J. Epidemiology, (Ahead of Print).

  • Padhi, Sasmita and Gayatri, Biswal (2013). Dietary Management of Diabetes Patients - A study in Bhubaneswar City. J. Extension Education, 2 : 165-171.

  • Ramachandran, A., Mary, S., Yamuna, A., Murugesan, N. and Snehalatha, C. (2008). High prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors associated with urbanization in India. Diabetes Care, 31 : 893-898. 25

  • Ramachandran, A., Snehalatha, C. and Viswanathan, V. (2002). Burden of type 2 diabetes and its complications - Thelndian scenario. Curr. Sci., 83:1471-1476.

  • WHO (2006). Obesity. Geneva: World Health Organization.

  • WHO/FAO Expert Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series, no. 916. Geneva: WHO.

  • World Health Organization (2003). Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Improving the built environment in India. Preventing chronic diseases: a vital Investment. WHO Report 2005, Geneva.

  • Yiuluv, S., Boddula, R., Genitta, G., Bhatia, V. and Bansal, B. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors of pre-hypertension and hypertension in an affluent north Indian population. Indian J. Medical Res., 128:712-720.

  • Yell, G.Y., Eisenberg, D.M., Kaptchuk, T.J. and Phillips, R.S. (2003). Systematic review of herbs and dietary supplements for glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 26 : 1277-1294.


Abstract Views: 304

PDF Views: 0




  • Diet and Lifestyle Assessment of Patients Suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract Views: 304  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Gayatri Biswal
Department of Home Science, P.G.T.D. Home Science, Rama Devi Women's College, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
Chandrashree Lenka
Department of Home Science, P.G.T.D. Home Science, Rama Devi Women's College, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India
Sonali Tripathy
Department of Home Science, P.G.T.D. Home Science, Rama Devi Women's College, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), India

Abstract


Diabetes is a disease in which either pancreas does not make enough insulin or there is insulin resistance, so that the glucose is unutilized by the liver, muscle and fat tissue properly. With diabetes for longer period of time the small blood vessels (micro) in the body are injured. When the blood vessels in the kidneys are injured, kidneys can not clean blood properly. Body will retain more water and salt than it should, which results in weight gain and ankle swelling which may have protein in urine. This may lead to diabetic nephropathy. The overall objective of this study was to asses diet and life style of the patients suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 Diabetic people with nephritic syndrome. The study carried out by investigating patient's family background, medical past history, physical examination, nutritional and lifestyle assessment, physical activity assessment, medical and nutritional problems associated with the help of interview cum questionnaire method. The results of the study revealed that majority of the respondents had diabetes with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and were suffering from Chronic Energy deficiency BMI. Fatigue and odema were the common symptoms found among most of the respondents. Starchy, spicy and too much sweet food was preferred by the patients. Taking 2-3 litres of soft water per day was observed among the respondents. Cereals, pulses, fats and oil, Milk and salt consumption was found to be less in comparison RDA in both male and female respondents which may be due to their ill health and dietary restriction. A positive trend was found in maintaining active style, taking regular diet and regular medicine and doing regular health check up among majority of the respondents which may be due to the impact of education, urbanization and mass media. Thus it can be suggested that controlling diabetes with high blood pressure, restricting protein and salt in the diet and maintaining active life style may be a solution to this problem.

Keywords


Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), BMI, RDA, Life Style Odema.

References