Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

The Effect of Relaxation Techniques on Blood Pressure and Stress among Pregnant Women with Mild Pregnancy Induced Hypertension


Affiliations
1 Menoufia University, Egypt
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the most common causes of both maternal and neonatal morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing an educational program about relaxation techniques on blood pressure and stress level among pregnant women with mild pregnancy induced hypertension. Subjects and methods: A quasi-experimental research design was conducted to meet the aim of the study. The study was conducted in maternal and child health center in Kebly at Shebin Elkom, Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Purposive samples of 60 pregnant women with mild pregnancy induced hypertension were randomly assigned into control and study group of 30 patients each. Study group received a structured educational program and planned clinical supervision about relaxation techniques which include deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation and guided imagery in addition to routine antenatal care. Control group received only routine antenatal care. The data gathering instruments: were Bio sociodemographic and knowledge assessment form, Physiological measurements and Perceived stress scale. The main findings of the study were that, there was statistically significant improvement in knowledge, physiological parameters, also reducing in blood pressure and stress level in study group more than their control (P<0.001).The study concluded that educational program about relaxation techniques have shown beneficial improvement of knowledge and physiological parameters and reduction of blood pressure and stress level among pregnant women with mild pregnancy induced hypertension. The study recommended that practicing relaxation techniques should form an important component and should be included routinely in the management of pregnancy induced hypertension.

Keywords

Relaxation techniques, Blood pressure, Stress, Pregnancy induced hypertension.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Cunningham FG, Leveno JJ, Bloom SL, Hauth JC, Rouse DJ, Spong CY. Williams Obstetrics. 23rd ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Companies; 2010. pp. 706–56.

  • Mugo M, Govindardjan G, Kurukulasuria R, Sowers JR, McFaralane SI. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2006; 7:348–54.

  • Roberts JM, Pearson G, Cutler J, Lindheimer M. NHLBI Working Group on Research on Hypertension during Pregnancy.Summary of the NHLBI Working Group on Research on Hypertension during Pregnancy. Hypertension. 2009; 41:437–45.

  • Amira OC, Okubadejo NU. Frequency of complementary and alternative medicine utilization in hypertensive patients attending an urban tertiary care centre in Nigeria. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2007; 7:30.

  • Gabbe SG. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies.Elsevier Health Sciences; 2007. pp. 779–26.

  • Miranda ML, Swamy GK, Edwards S, Maxson P, Gelfand A, James S. Disparities in maternal hypertension and pregnancy outcomes: Evidence from North Carolina, 1994-2003. Public Health Rep. 2010;125:579–87

  • Turzanski Fortner SR. Modifiable Risk Factors for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy among Latina Women: A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Massachusetts, USA: University of Massachusetts; 2009. pp. 1–96.

  • Tanaka M, Jaamaa G, Kaiser M, Hills E, Soim A, Zhu M, et al.Racial disparity in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in New York State: A 10-year longitudinal population-based study. Am J Public Health. 2007; 97:163–70.

  • Mohamed A., Hayat M., Nagat S., and Elsayda H., (2013): Effect of educational program for nurses about pregnancy induced hypertension on their knowledge in port said hospitals, medical journal of cairo university , Vol. 81, No. 2, March: 179188

  • Manjusha S., Andana N, Amit M., Ronak S., and Atmaram P., (2014): incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension and prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy, International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research.vol (5) No 04, p.p163-170

  • Leeners B, Neumaier-Wagner P, Kuse S, Stiller R, Rath W.Emotional stress and the risk to develop hypertensive diseases in pregnancy. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2007; 26:211–26.

  • Shinde N, Shinde KJ, Khatri SM, Hande D, Bhushan V.Immediate effect of Jacobson's progressive muscular relaxation in hypertension. Sch J App Med Sci. 2013; 1:80–5.

  • Nelson-Piercy C. James PR, Management of hypertension before, during, and after pregnancy. Heart. 2004; 90:1499–504.

  • El-Zanaty (2015): Egypt Demographic and Health Survey, Ministry of Health and Population ,Cairo, Egypt

  • Poon LC, Nicolaides KH. First-trimester maternal factors and biomarker screening for Preeclampsia. Prenat Diagn. 2014; 34:618–27.

  • Urech C, Fink NS, Hoesli I, Wilhelm FH, Bitzer J, Alder J.Effects of relaxation on psychobiological wellbeing during pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010; 35:1348–55.

  • Reshma, Alice Salins, SS. Kiron and M. Saritha, Effect of Relaxation Therapy on Mild Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Vol. 1 (3) Jul-Sep 2012. 1428- 1437.

  • Chaaya M, Osman H, Naassan G, Mahfoud Z., Validation of the Arabic version of the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) among pregnant and postpartum women. BMC Psychiatry, 15(10), 2010, 111.

  • Philip, N. and Sumathi, G., A study to assess the effectiveness of Benson's relaxation therapy on stress and coping among mother with high risk pregnancy admitted at antenatal wards of sri ramachandra hospital, IJAMSCR, 2(4), 2014, 404-409.

  • Essam A. Hamed O., Soliman M. , Khadra I. and Hani M., Risk Factors and Impacts of Pre-Eclampsia: An Epidemiological Study among Pregnant Mothers in Cairo, Egypt Journal of American Science, 2011;7(5)

  • Maputle, S. Khoza, L. Lebese, R., Knowledge towards Pregnancy-induced Hypertension among Pregnant Women in Vhembe District, Limpopo Provinc, J Hum Ecol, 51(1,2): 2015, 47-54.

  • El-Bahy, M. Mohamed, H. Salam, N. Nasr, E., Effect of Educational Program for Nurses about Pregnancy Induced Hypertension on their Knowledge in Port Said Hospitals, Med. J.Cairo Univ.,81(2), 2013, 179-188, available at; www.medicaljournalofcairouniversity.com

  • Alderman, MH. Cohen, HW. Sealey, JE. Laragh, JH, Plasma renin activity levels in hypertensive patients: their wide range and lack of suppression in diabetic and in most pregnant patients. Am J Hypertens. 17, 2004, 1–7.

  • Wara, A. Hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and risk of hypertension and stroke in later life: results from cohort study, British Medical Journal, 326(7394), 2007, 845-849.

  • Kumari, S. K. Geetha, V. P. Kadeeja, M., Self-care activities of PIH and maternal outcome. Nursing Journal of India, 16 (4), 2003, 37-40.

  • Aalami, M. Jafarnejad, F. Modarres Gharavi, M. The effects of progressive muscular relaxation and breathing control technique on blood pressure during pregnancy, Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 21(3), 2016, 331–336.

  • Kaushik RM, Kaushik R, Mahajan SK, Rajesh V. Effects of mental relaxation and slow breathing in essential hypertension. Complement Ther Med. 2006; 14:120–6.

  • Joseph CN, Porta C, Casucci G, Casiraghi N, Maffeis M, Rossi M, et al. Slow breathing improves arterial baroreflex sensitivity and decreases blood pressure in essential hypertension. Hypertension, 2005; 46(7), 14–8.


Abstract Views: 416

PDF Views: 0




  • The Effect of Relaxation Techniques on Blood Pressure and Stress among Pregnant Women with Mild Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Abstract Views: 416  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Gehan H. Soliman
Menoufia University, Egypt
Seham Mohamed Abd Elalem
Menoufia University, Egypt
Samah Mohamed Elhomosy
Menoufia University, Egypt

Abstract


Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the most common causes of both maternal and neonatal morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing an educational program about relaxation techniques on blood pressure and stress level among pregnant women with mild pregnancy induced hypertension. Subjects and methods: A quasi-experimental research design was conducted to meet the aim of the study. The study was conducted in maternal and child health center in Kebly at Shebin Elkom, Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Purposive samples of 60 pregnant women with mild pregnancy induced hypertension were randomly assigned into control and study group of 30 patients each. Study group received a structured educational program and planned clinical supervision about relaxation techniques which include deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation and guided imagery in addition to routine antenatal care. Control group received only routine antenatal care. The data gathering instruments: were Bio sociodemographic and knowledge assessment form, Physiological measurements and Perceived stress scale. The main findings of the study were that, there was statistically significant improvement in knowledge, physiological parameters, also reducing in blood pressure and stress level in study group more than their control (P<0.001).The study concluded that educational program about relaxation techniques have shown beneficial improvement of knowledge and physiological parameters and reduction of blood pressure and stress level among pregnant women with mild pregnancy induced hypertension. The study recommended that practicing relaxation techniques should form an important component and should be included routinely in the management of pregnancy induced hypertension.

Keywords


Relaxation techniques, Blood pressure, Stress, Pregnancy induced hypertension.

References