Effect of Sleep Duration on Obesity and the Glycemic Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction: Non communicable diseases especially type 2 diabetes is increasing day by day. The present day life style contributes to the alarming rise in the occurrence of this disease. Our society is moving very fast with fast food and tight day and night schedule to achieve something or other in their life. Our current work schedule prevent people from getting enough sleep. Chronic sleep loss is very common in today's society. There is a need to study the relationship between sleep loss and glycemic level of diabetes patients.

Methods:- A non experimental descriptive design using random sampling technique. Effect of sleep duration on obesity and the glycemic level in patients with type 2diabetes were assessed using self administered questionnaire to a total of 60 type2 diabetes patients between 30-60 years from medical and endocrinology OPD,s of a private medical college. Thrissur, from September 2013 to October 2013.socio demographic values were collected to assess the risk factors for diabetes. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. HbA1c values were obtained from the medical charts. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)questionnaire was used to assess the sleep quality.

Results: Shows that 56 % of participants belongs to the age group between 51-60 years and50 % of them are males. 91.7% them are professionals and 63% of them are staying in rural area. 21.6% of the sample had an HbA1c level below 6.5%, which is the recommended optimal upper level of HbA1c. 10% of them had an HbA1c level above 8%. 51.6% them are having overweight. The present study shows that sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep medication, day time dysfunction, residence and total sleep score were positively associated with HbA1c values. whereas, hours of sleep, age, sex, educational achievement, Occupation, family type, residence, duration of illness, and treatment were not significantly associated with BMI.

Conclusions: The findings of the study highlight that sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep medication, day time dysfunction, residence and total sleep score were associated with glycemic level in patients. present study findings are consistent with previous study findings and suggest that health education for the modification of life style is the need of the hour, and therefore sleep may be an important modifiable factor for the clinical management of patients with type 2 diabetes.