Review on Solubility Enhancement Techniques

Absorption process is develop in biological system to getting required organic and inorganic chemicals in to systemic circulation and maintain bioavailability. The bioavailability issue can be due to insufficient solubility or permeability. Most compounds face the solubility problems. Hence, with the advancement of chemical science, the need of development of pharmaceutical technologies is also increasing and it depend upon drug to drug. The drug exhibit very poor aqueous solubility the rate at which drug dissolve in gastro intestinal tract and exhibit rate limiting step. Oral route is the most desirable and preferred method of administering therapeutic agents for their systemic effect On the basis of solubility, drugs are classified into four classes of the BCS classification. Solubility challenges are faced in the Class II and Class IV of the BCS system. To improve solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drug we use various methods or techniques. Various techniques are used for the enhancement of the solubility of poorly soluble drugs which include physical and chemical modifications of drug and other methods like particle size reduction, crystal engineering, salt formation, solid dispersion, use of surfactant, complexation, and so forth. Selection of solubility improving method depends on drug property, site of absorption, and required dosage form characteristics.