Utilization of Natural Adsorbents in the Elimination of Toxic Metal Ions in Industrial Effluents:A Review

The ability of agricultural solid waste and horticultural waste and other natural solid waste such as biological origin or organics, minerals, rice husk, zeolirte, clay, peat moss, chitosan, saw dust, mangifera indica (mango), egg shell in the treatment of industrial effluents containing toxic metal ions in aqueous solution were reviewed. This biosorbents and natural adsorbents has been found to serve as an alternative material to the usual methods of effluents treatment, and have the capability to race positively in eliminating toxic metal ions. The sound effects of essential parameters such as equilibrium time, preliminary metal ion, concentration, maximum biosorption capacity, adsorbent dose, particle size, pH of the solution, contact time, batch and column studies were also shown. This review presents the use of existing agricultural solid wastes, horticultural waste and different natural adsorbents to remove different Pollutants (Cr²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Fe²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pd²⁺, Hg²⁺, As²⁺ etc.) and the effect of treatment on their efficiencies.