Assessment and Management of Underground Water Quality in Different Land Slopes of Calcareous Soils

A Case study was undertaken to attempt the assessment and management of underground water quality in different land slopes of calcareous soils (India). The underground water of open/tube wells situated at higher elevation have low pH, EC, water soluble Mg²⁺, Na⁺, CO₃^2-, HCO₃^-, Cl^-, SSP and SAR than in lower elevations. The SSP and SAR also increased with increase in EC and pH. The underground water from undulating upper pediment (typic ustothrents) as well as upper pediment (typic ustothrents) and lower pediment (Vertic Haplustepts) of calcareous soils were placed under safe class of C₂S₁ and C₃S₁, respectively. Whereas the alluvial plain (Calcic Haplustepts) and coastal plain (Fluventic Haplustepts) in doubtful class of C₄S₁ and C₄S₂, respectively. In general, underground water samples from different land slopes of calcareous soils were placed under C₃S₁ water quality class.