A Qualitative Analysis on Changing Pattern of Agricultural Scenario in India

Present study indicates that the percentage area under cereals, pulses, food grains, oil seeds, sugarcane and cotton in gross cropped area was to the tune of 59.31, 14.47, 73.79, 8.13, 1.30 and 4.46 per cent, respectively during 1950-51. The shifting scenario in cropping pattern was observed during 2010-11, the area under food grains was decreased and area under oilseed, sugarcane, cotton and other crops was increased. In productivity term crop wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, maize, gram, groundnut, mustard, sugarcane and cotton was tremendously increased but in case of tur it was found to be declined. Input utilization which is important tool of agricultural development through the enhancing the productivity indicates that the utilization of input such as seed, fertilizer and pesticides has been increased. The contribution of agriculture export in the total export was observed that during 1960-61, the total export from the country was worth Rs. 642 crores in which the share of agriculture commodities was 44.24 per cent. The export rose to Rs. 32553 crores with 19.40 per cent share of agriculture exports during 1990-91. During the last four decades the figures of agriculture exports increased from Rs. 6711 to Rs. 120185 crores. But, its percentage share in total exports has declined to 10.47 per cent. This may be due to proportionate increased in export of goods from other sector like manufactured goods, minerals, etc. The study clearly indicated that the introduction of green revolution during 1970-71 and advent of several economic measures during 1991 has given a significant positive impact on Indian Agriculture, which ultimately helps in pushing the upward momentum of progress of agricultural sector in the country.