Agriculture Update

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Enhancing Farmers’ Income Through Integrated Farming System:An Economic Review


Affiliations
1 Darjeeling Krishi Vigyan Kendra (U.B.K.V.), Kalimpong (W.B.), India
2 Regional Research Station (U.B.K.V.), Kalimpong (W.B.), India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The farmers are sensitive to the economical benefits of the improved agricultural practices while adopting the practices for enhancing the income of farm families. Higher is the benefit obtained from the introduced enterprise combinations; the easier it is to motivate the farmers to adopt them in their farms. With the aim of doubling farmers’ income, identification of suitable farming system is the need of the hour. It is a very complex and serious problem, when share of agriculture in gross domestic product is declining, average size of land holding is gradually shrinking and number of operational holdings is increasing. It is imperative to develop strategies that enable adequate income and employment generation, especially for small and marginal farmers who constitute large majority of the farming community. In this circumstances of decreasing land holding size, it is essential to integrate enterprises such as dairy, piggery, goatery, fishery, poultry, duckery, apiary, along with field and horticultural crops so as to make farming more remunerative and reliable options for the farmers. The literature related to integrated farming systems (IFS) has been reviewed carefully in terms of economic contribution, employment generation, vulnerability reduction and constraints in IFS.

Keywords

Integrated Farming System, Economic Contribution, Employment Generation, Vulnerability Reduction.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Abiona, B.G., Fakoya, E.O., Alegbeleye, W.O., Fapojuwo, E.O., Adeogun, S.O., Idowu, A.A. and Aromolaran, A.K. (2011). Constraints to integrated and non-integrated fish farming activities in Ogun State, Nigeria. J. Agric. Sci., 3(4): 233-240.

  • Bandumula, N. and Waris, A. (2016). Rice based farming system models for enhancing profitability of small farm holders in Telangana. Internat. Res. J. Agric. Eco. & Stat., 7 (2) : 243-247, DOI : 10.15740/HAS/IRJAES/7.2/243-247.

  • Basavaraj, H. and Gangadharappa, N.R.(1999). Adoption level and profitability of different combination of farm enterprises in existing farming systems.Mysore J. Agric. Sci., 33(2): 261-266.

  • Behera, U.K. and Mahapatra, I.C. (1999). Income and employment generation for small and marginal farmers through integrated farming systems. Indian J. Agron., 44(3): 431-439.

  • Behera, U.K., Jha, K.P. and Mahapatra, I.C. (2004).Integrated management of available resources of the small and marginal farmers for generation of income and employment in eastern India. Crop Res., 27(1): 83-89.

  • Channabasavanna, A.S., Biradar, D.P., Prabhudev, K.N. and Mahabhaleswar, H. (2009). Development of profitable integrated farming system model for small and medium farmers of Tungabhadra project area of Karnataka. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 22(1): 25-27.

  • Csavas, I. (1992). Regional review on livestock-fish production systems in Asia. In: [Mukherjee, T. K., Moi, P. S., Panandam, J. M. and Yang, Y. S. (Eds.)], Proceedings of the FAO/IPT workshop on integrated livestock-fish production systems, 1620 December 1991, Institute of Advance Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

  • Dasgupta, P., Goswami, R., Ali, M.N., Biswas, S. and Saha, S.K. (2014). Bio-diverse integrated farms. LEISA India, 16(2): 20-23.

  • Dawood-Sheik, A., Santhi, P., Ponnuswamy, K. and Muthukrishnan, P. (1996). Integrated farming system for lowlands of Cauvery delta zone. Farming System, 13(3-4):1114.

  • De Jong, R. and Ariaratne, M.G. (1994). Performance of dairy farming on abandoned marginal tea lands in the mid country Sri Lanka. In : Dairy stock development and milk production with smallholders. [de Jong R. (ed)] Wageningen, the Netherlands. pp. 148-192.

  • Deoghare, P.K. and Bhattacharyya, N.K. (1993). Economic analysis of goat rearing in Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 63 : 439-444.

  • Deoghare, P.R. (1997). Sustainability of on-farm income and employment through livestock production in Mathura district. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 67(16): 916-919.

  • Devasenapathy, P., Mytswamy, V., Christopher Louduraj, A. and Rabindran, R. (1995). Integrated farming systems for sustained productivity. Madras Agril. J., 82 : 306-307.

  • Dwivedi, R.P., Tewari, R.K., Kareemulla, K., Chaturvedi, O.P. and Rai, P. (2007).Agri-horticultural system for household livelihood - A case study. Indian Res. J. Extn. Edu., 7(1): 22-26.

  • FAO (1977). China.Recycling of organic wastes in agriculture. FAO Soil Bull., 40 - Rome.

  • Felipe, M., Ana, I. and Carlos, M. (2007). Risk management, vulnerability and risk perception of organic farmers in Spain. The 101st EAAE Seminar, Management of Climate Risks in Agriculture, Berlin, Germany. Department of Agricultural Economy of Coag Spanish Farmers Organisation, fmedina@coag.org.

  • Fraser, E.D.G., Mabee, W. and Figge, F. (2005).A frame work for assessing the vulnerability of food systems to future shocks. Futures, 37 : 465–479.

  • Frescolo, Westphale (1988). A hierarchical classification of farm systems. Exptl. Agric., 24 : 399-419.

  • Gajja, B.L., Bhati, T.K., Harsh, L.N. and Khan, M.S. (1999). Comparative economics of silvipasture, hortipasture and annual crops on marginal agricultural lands of arid zone of Rajasthan. Ann. Arid Zone, 38(2): 173-180.

  • Gill, M.S., Samra J.S. and Singh, Gurbachan (2005). Integrated farming system for realizing high productivity under shallow water-table conditions.Research bulletins, Department of Agronomy, PAU, Ludhiana, pp. 1-29.

  • GoI (2010). Agriculture Census. Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, New Delhi

  • Gupta, P.C., Singh, K. and Akbar, M.A. (1994). Developing forage based rations for lactating buffaloes. In: Proceedings of IV World Buffalo Congress. Sao Paulo, Brazil. June 27-30, 2 : 275-277.

  • Jayanthi, C., Rangasamy, A. and Chinnusamy, C. (2000). Water budgeting for components in lowland integrated farming systems. Agric. J., 87:411-416.

  • Jayanthi, C., Vennila, C., Nalini, K. and Chandrasekaran, B. (2009). Sustainable integrated management of crop with allied enterprises- Ensuring livelihood security of small and marginal farmers. Special Feature: Sustainable Agriculture.

  • Kadam, S.S., Hatey, A.A., Nikam, T.R., Landge, S.P. and Palampalley, H.Y. (2010).Constraints of IFS in Kankan region of Maharashtra - A case study. In: 22nd national seminar on “Role of Extension in Integrated Farming Systems for sustainable rural livelihood, 9th -10th Dec., Maharashtra, pp. 101.

  • Kamble, A.S., Yogeesh, L.N., Prashant, S.M., Sheik Peer, P. and Desai, B.K. (2017). Integrated farming system: profitable farming to small farmers. Internat. J. Curr. Microbiol. & Appl. Sci., 6(10): 2819-2824

  • Kumar, H., Singh J.N., Kadian V.S., Singh, K.P., Saxena, K.K. and Kumar, H. (1994).Comparative productivity and economics of dairy enterprises under mixed farming systems.Farming Systems, 10 : 36-44.

  • Kumar, S. and Jain, D.K. (2005). Are linkages between crops and livestock important for the sustainability of the farming system? Asian Economic Review, 47(1) : 90-101.

  • Kumar, S., Singh, S.S., Shivani, and Dey, A. (2011).Integrated Farming systems for Eastern India. Indian J. Agron., 56: 297304.

  • Lightfoot, C. and Minnick, D.R. (1991). Farmer-first qualitative methods: Farmers diagrams for improving methods of experimental design in integrated farming systems. J. Farming Systems Res. & Extn., 2:11-34.

  • Lightfoot, C., Bimbao, M. N. , Dalsgaard, J. P. T. and Pullin, R. S. (1993). Aquaculture and sustainability through integrated resource management. Qtl. Agric., 22: 143-159.

  • Meshram, S.J., Sawardekar, S.V., Dhane, S.S. and Mahale, D.M. (2003). Feasibility of rice-cum-fish culture incoastal saline land of Maharashtra. Indian Soc. Coastal Agric. Res., 21 (1): 75-78.

  • Murugan, G. and Kathiresan, R.M. (2005). Integratedrice farming system. Indian Farming, 55 (5) : 4-6.

  • Nageswaran, M., Selvaganapathy, E., Vijay, R. and Sudha, N. (2009). Demonstration and replication of integrated farming systems at Chidambaram. M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai.

  • Pandey, R.N. and Bhogal,T.S. (1980). Prospects of increasing income and employment on mixed farms. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 35(4): 144-151.

  • Panke, S.K., Kadam, R.P. and Nakhate, C.S. (2010).Integrated farming system for sustainable rural livelihood security. In: 22nd national seminar on “Role of Extension in Integrated Farming Systems for sustainable rural livelihood, 9th -10th Dec, Maharashtra, pp. 33-35.

  • Ponnusamy, K. and Devi, K.M. (2017). Impact of integrated farming system approach on doubling farmers’ income. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 30 (Conference Number): pp 233-240 DOI: 10.5958/0974-0279.2017.00037.4

  • Ponnusamy, K. (2006).Multidimensional analysis of integrated farming system in the coastal agro-eco system of Tamil Nadu. Ph.D. Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana (India).

  • Ponnusamy, K. and Gupta, J. (2009). Livelihood contribution, prospects and problems of aquaculture in integrated farming systems. Indian J. Fisheries, 56(4): 317-322.

  • Poorani, A., Jayanthi, C. and Vennila, C. (2011).Farmer participatory research on Integrated Farming Systems. In: National seminar on “Innovations in farming systems research and extension for inclusive development” 24-25Nov, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, pp. 153.

  • Pushpa, J. (2010). Constraints in various integrated farming systems. Agric. Update, 5(3& 4): 370-374

  • Radhamani, S. (2001). Sustainable integrated farming system for drylandVertisol areas of Western Zone of Tamil Nadu, Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, T. N. (India).

  • Radhammani, S., Balasubramanian, A., Ramamoorthy, K. and Geethalakshmi, V. (2003). Sustainable integrated farming systems for dry lands: A review. Agric. Reviews, 24:204-210.

  • Ramasamy, C., Natarajan, S., Jayanthi, C. and Suresh Kumar, D. (2007). Intensive integrated farming system to boost income of farmers. In: Proceedings of 32nd IAUA vice chancellors annual convention on Diversification in Indian Agriculture, Birsa Agricutural University, December 20 - 21. pp. 28-47.

  • Ramrao, W.Y., Tiwari, S.P. and Singh, P.(2005). Crop-livestock integrated farming system for augmenting socio-economic status of smallholder tribal farmers of Chhattisgarh in Central India. Livestock Res. Rural Develop.,17, Art.90. Retrieved Aug 3, 2018, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd17/8/ramr17090.htm

  • Ramrao, W.Y., Tiwari, S.P., Sharma,Saraswat S., Pathak, R. and Gupta, R.(2008). Integration of crop-livestock-poultry-duck farming system by large farmers in the Plain tribal areas of Chhattisgarh in Central India. Livestock Res. Rural Develop., 20, Article 42. Retrieved Aug 3, 2018, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd20/3/ramr20042.htm

  • Rangasamy, A., Shanmugasundaram, V.S., Sankaran, S. and Subbarayalu, M. (1990). Integrated farming system management: A viable approach. Research Bulletin. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.

  • Rangasamy, A., Venkitasamy, R., Jayanthi, C., Purushothaman, S. and Palaniappan, S.P. (1995). Rice based farming system: A viable approach. Indian Farming, 46 (4): 27-29.

  • Rangaswamy, A., Venkitaswamy, R., Purushothaman and Palaniappan, S.P. (1996). Rice-poultry-fish-mushroom integrated farming systems for lowlands of Tamil Nadu. Indian J. Agron., 41(3) : 344-348.

  • Rautaray, S.K., Dash, P.C. and Sinhababu, D.P. (2005). Increasing farm income through rice fish based integrated farming system in rainfed lowlands of Assam. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 75(2): 79-82.

  • Ravi, K. (2004). Integrated farming: Boon for small and marginal farmers. Kurukshetra, 47(9): 22-23.

  • San, Nu Nu and Deaton, B.J.(1999).Feasibility of integrating sheep and crops with small holder rubber productions in Indonesia. J. Agribusiness, 17(2): 105-122.

  • Schierre, J.B., Ibrahim, M.N.M. and Van Keulen, H. (2002). The role of livestock for sustainability in mixed farming: Criteria and scenario studies under varying resources allocation. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ.,90 : 139-153.

  • Senthilvel, T., Latha, K.R. and Gopalasamy, N. (1998).Farming system approach for sustainable yield and income under rainfed vertisols.Madras Agric. J., 55(1): 65-67.

  • Singh, K.P. (1994). Integrated farming system - Concept and scope, symposium of resource management and crop productivity. Feb. 16-18 at the CCSHAU, Hissar, India.pp.6985.

  • Singh, K., Bohra, J.S., Singh, Y. and Singh, J.P. (2006). Development of farming system models for the north-eastern plain zone of Uttar Pradesh. Indian Farming, 56(2):5-11.

  • Singh, R., Singh, N., Phogat, S.B. and Sharma, U.K. (1999). Income and employment potential of different farming systems. HAU J. Res., 29(3/4):143-145.

  • Sivamurugan, A.P. (2001). Sustainable farming system under irrigated upland situation. Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

  • Solaiappan, U., Subramanian, V. and Sankar, G.R. (2007).Selection of suitable integrated farming system model for rainfed semiarid verticinceptisols in Tamil Nadu. Indian J. Agron., 52(3): 194-197.

  • Thamrongwarangkul, A. (2001). Annual report on sustainable community development for good livelihoods and environmental project. Khon Kaen University, Thailand.

  • Tipraqsa, P., Craswell, E.T., Noble, A.D. and Schmidt, V.D. (2007). Resource integration for multiple benefits: multifunctionality of integrated farming systems in Northeast Thailand. Agric. Systems, 94 : 694-703.

  • Tripathi, H., Tomar, S.S., Pandey, R., Solanki, V.S., Singh, R., Meena, K.L., Tomar, M. and Adhikari, D.S. (2010). Economic feasibility of integrated farming system models with respect to productivity and economics. In: 22nd National Seminar on “Role of extension in integrated farming systems for sustainable rural livelihood, 9th-10th Dec, Maharashtra, pp.42-43.

  • Ugwumba, C.O.A., Okoh, R.N., Ike, P.C., Nnabuife, E.L.C. and Orji, E.C. (2010). Integrated farming system and its effect on farm cash income in Awka south agricultural zone of Anambra state, Nigeria. American-Eurasian J.Agril.& Environ. Sci., 8(1): 1-6.

  • Vairavan, K., Kannan, S., Ganache,C. and Swaminathan, G. (2000). Farming in dryland and wasteland situation.The Hindu, 27th April.

  • Van Brakel, M.L., Morales, E.J., Turingruang, D. and Little D.C. (2003). Livelihood improving functions of pond based integrated agriculture and aquaculture systems. MRC Fisheries Programme (FP). Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK.

  • Venkatadri, S., Swaroopa Rani, K. and Raghunadha Reddy, G. (2008).A study on improvement in rural livelihoods through dairy farming.Centre for Self Employment and Rural Enterprises.National Institute of Rural Development, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030.

  • Yogeesh, L.N., Prashant, S.M., Sheik Peer, P. and Kamble, A.S. (2016).Promotion of integrated farming system for enhancing the livelihood of farmers in Ballari district of Karnataka.Internat. J. Sci., Environ. & Technol., 5(5): 3630-3634.

  • Young, D.L., Young, F.L.,Hammel, J.E., and Veseth, R.J. (1999). A systems approach to conservation farming. p. 173–191. In E.L.Michalson et al. (ed.) Conservation farming in the United States. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.


Abstract Views: 372

PDF Views: 0




  • Enhancing Farmers’ Income Through Integrated Farming System:An Economic Review

Abstract Views: 372  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Rakesh Roy
Darjeeling Krishi Vigyan Kendra (U.B.K.V.), Kalimpong (W.B.), India
Hriday Kamal Tarafder
Regional Research Station (U.B.K.V.), Kalimpong (W.B.), India

Abstract


The farmers are sensitive to the economical benefits of the improved agricultural practices while adopting the practices for enhancing the income of farm families. Higher is the benefit obtained from the introduced enterprise combinations; the easier it is to motivate the farmers to adopt them in their farms. With the aim of doubling farmers’ income, identification of suitable farming system is the need of the hour. It is a very complex and serious problem, when share of agriculture in gross domestic product is declining, average size of land holding is gradually shrinking and number of operational holdings is increasing. It is imperative to develop strategies that enable adequate income and employment generation, especially for small and marginal farmers who constitute large majority of the farming community. In this circumstances of decreasing land holding size, it is essential to integrate enterprises such as dairy, piggery, goatery, fishery, poultry, duckery, apiary, along with field and horticultural crops so as to make farming more remunerative and reliable options for the farmers. The literature related to integrated farming systems (IFS) has been reviewed carefully in terms of economic contribution, employment generation, vulnerability reduction and constraints in IFS.

Keywords


Integrated Farming System, Economic Contribution, Employment Generation, Vulnerability Reduction.

References