Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Comparative Analysis of Major Alkaloids in Piper Species Traded as 'Pippali' in South Indian Markets:Absence of the Chief Known Constituent - Piperine in Selected Samples


Affiliations
1 School of Life Sciences, Institute of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Attur PO, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
2 Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology (NERIST), Nirjuli 791 109, India
 

The major alkaloids in piper species traded in South Indian markets as the Ayurvedic drug, Pippali, have been studied using a rapid HPLC-based method. Piper longum is the accepted botanical source of Pippali. Bengaluru and Chennai markets contained mixtures of closely related species, Piper peepuloides and Piper sylvaticum. Chemical analysis showed that these sam-ples do not contain the alkaloid piperine present in Piper longum fruits. Market samples from Trissur were identified as Piper longum and piperine was detected as one of the major alkaloids. All the samples contained pellitorine, another alkaloid reported in most peppers of the genus Piper. The two types of Pippali can therefore be easily differentiated on the basis of their HPLC profiles.

Keywords

Alkaloids, Ayurvedic Drug, HPLC, Pippali, Piper longum, Piperine.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Kumar, N., Dwivedi, K. N. and Ram, B., Adulteration and substi-tution of medicinal plant: a burning problem in herbal industry. Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci. Arch., 2014, 5(3), 13–18; Vasudevan, N. K., Yoganarasimhan, K. R., Kehava Murthy and Shantha, T. R., Studies on some south Indian market samples of Ayurvedic drugs II. Anc. Sci. Life, 1983, 3(2), 60–66.

  • Cordell, G., Phytochemistry and traditional medicine – the revolu-tion continues. Phytochem. Lett., 2014, 10, xxviii–xl; Rasheed, N. M., Nagaiah, K., Goud, P. R. and Sharma, V. U. M., Chemical marker compounds and their essential role in quality control of herbal medicines. Ann. Phytomed., 2012, 1(1), 1–8.

  • Anon., Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Department of Indian Sys-tems of Medicine, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India, Part 1, 2000, 1st edn, p. 322; FRLHT’s Clinically Important Plants of Ayurveda, CD, Version 1.0 Founda-tion for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore, 2002.

  • Sharma, P. V., (editor-translator), Caraka Samhita, Chowkhambha Orientalia, New Delhi, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 23–24; Murthy, K. R. S. (translator). Astanga Hridayam, Krishna Das Academy, Varanasi, vol. 3, p. 397.

  • Pandey, G. S. (ed.), Bhavaprakasa Nighantu, Chowkhambha Bha-rati Academy, Varanasi, 2004, p. 15.

  • Tripathi, I. (ed.), Rajanighantu, Chowkhamba Krishna Das Aca-demy, Varanasi, 2006, p. 134; Sharma, P. V., Dhanvantari Nighantu, Chowkhamba Orientalia, Varanasi, 2005, p. 83.

  • Agarwal, A. and Murali, B., Quality Assessment of Selected Indian Medicinal Plants, National Medicinal Plant Board, New Delhi and Natural Remedies Pvt Ltd, Bengaluru, 2010, vol. 1, pp. 181–207; Indian Pharmacopeia, Indian Pharmacopeia Commission, Gha-ziabad, 2007, pp. 2057–2058; Quality Standards of Indian Medic-inal Plants, ICMR, New Delhi, 2003, vol. 1, p. 168.

  • Zaveri, M., Khandar, A., Patel, S. and Patel, A., Chemistry and pharmacology of Piper longum L., Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 2010, 5(1), 67–76.

  • Parmar, V. S. et al., Phytochemistry of the genus Piper. Phyto-chemistry., 1997, 46(4), 597–673.

  • Vasavirama, K. and Upender, M., Piperine. A valuable alkaloid from piper species. Int. J. Pharm. Sci., 2014, 6(4), 34–38.

  • Govindrajan, V. S. and Stahl, H. W., Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 1977, 9(2), 115–225.

  • Dubey, R. B. and Sonawat, B. S., Current scenario of adulterants and substitutes of medicinal plants. A review. J. Pharm. Sci. In-nov., 2015, 4, 5; Yoganarasmhan, S. N., Nair, K. V., Shanta, T. R., Sudha, R. and Holla, B. V., Evaluation of South Indian market samples of Pippali. BMEBR, 1997, XVIII(1–2), 43–50; The Wealth of India, CSIR, New Delhi, 1969, vol. III, pp. 115–118.

  • Gajurel, P. R., Rethy, P., Kumar, Y. and Singh, B., Piper species (Piperaceae) of North-East India (Arunachal Pradesh), Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, 2008, pp. 55–103.

  • Epstein, W. W., Netz, D. F. and Seidel, J. L., Isolation of piperine from black pepper. J. Chem. Educ., 1993, 70(7), 598–599.

  • Raman, N., Phytochemical Techniques, New India Publishing Agency, 2006, p. 19.

  • Raman, G. and Gaikar, V. G., Extraction of Piperine from Piper nigrum (Black Pepper) by hydrotropic solubilization. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2002, 41(12), 2966–2976.

  • Banerji, J. and Dhara, K. P., Lignan and amides from Piper syl-vaticum. Phytochemistry, 1974, 13(10), 2327–2328; Mahanta, P. K., Ghanim, A. and Gopinath, K. W., Chemical constituents of Piper sylvaticum (Roxb) and piper boehmerifolium (Wall). J. Pharm. Sci., 1974, 63(7), 1160–1161; Banerji, A., Rej, R. N. and Ghosh, P., Isolation of N-isobutyldeca-trans-2-trans-4-dienamide from Piper sylvaticum. Experientia, 1974, 30(3), 223–224.

  • Dhar, K. L. and Atal, C. K., Indian J. Chem., 1967, 5, 588–589.


Abstract Views: 438

PDF Views: 118




  • Comparative Analysis of Major Alkaloids in Piper Species Traded as 'Pippali' in South Indian Markets:Absence of the Chief Known Constituent - Piperine in Selected Samples

Abstract Views: 438  |  PDF Views: 118

Authors

Vijayalakshmi Babu
School of Life Sciences, Institute of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Attur PO, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
Sandhya Kumari Singh
School of Life Sciences, Institute of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Attur PO, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
Padma Venkatasubramanian
School of Life Sciences, Institute of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2, Jarakabande Kaval Attur PO, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
Padma Raj Gajurel
Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology (NERIST), Nirjuli 791 109, India

Abstract


The major alkaloids in piper species traded in South Indian markets as the Ayurvedic drug, Pippali, have been studied using a rapid HPLC-based method. Piper longum is the accepted botanical source of Pippali. Bengaluru and Chennai markets contained mixtures of closely related species, Piper peepuloides and Piper sylvaticum. Chemical analysis showed that these sam-ples do not contain the alkaloid piperine present in Piper longum fruits. Market samples from Trissur were identified as Piper longum and piperine was detected as one of the major alkaloids. All the samples contained pellitorine, another alkaloid reported in most peppers of the genus Piper. The two types of Pippali can therefore be easily differentiated on the basis of their HPLC profiles.

Keywords


Alkaloids, Ayurvedic Drug, HPLC, Pippali, Piper longum, Piperine.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv111%2Fi9%2F1507-1510