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The first International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE; conducted in the early 1960s) was one of the greatest international, interdisciplinary oceanographic research efforts. It involved 46 research vessels (under 14 different flags) that carried out an unprecedented number of hydrographic surveys (and repeat surveys) of the entire Indian Ocean (IO) basin from 1960 to 1965. One key to the successful qualitative and quantitative assessment of plankton organisms across the IO was the unification of zooplankton collections using the IO Standard Net.
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