Current Science

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Due to rapid urbanization, municipal solid waste (MSW) management is now one of the major environmental challenges around the world. In Thailand about 73,560 tonnes/day of MSW was produced in 2015, i.e. approximately 1.13 kg/person/day (ref. 1). The existing treatment technologies have already been struggling to manage MSW, for example, biological conversion technology, incineration technology, sanitary landfill or recycling.
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