Most of the Indian rivers are overexploited to fulfil the ever-increasing demand for power, agriculture, industrial and municipal sectors. Damming of rivers or tributaries is the ischolar_main cause of severe modifications and perturbations to the river flow, velocity, depth, substratum, pools, ecology and fish habitats. The Himalayan rivers are the preferred choice for hydro-power developers because of assured perennial flow, steep gradients and gorges with stable rocky banks. Owing to these attributes, the rivers and their ecological assets in the mountain states of Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal and Arunachal Pradesh, including fisheries resources are under severe threat.
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