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Clinical Islet Cell Transplantation – Recent Advances


Affiliations
1 Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, United States
2 Clinical Islet Cell Laboratory, Centre for Cellular Transplantation, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
 

Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells essentially requires treatment with exogenous insulin therapy. Despite the education, technology and improvements in insulin formulations, patients face the ongoing life-threatening hypoglycaemia with poor quality of life as well as progressive disease leading to micro-and macro-vascular complications of diabetes. Islet transplantation offers an alternative therapeutic option for these patients. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in this field tracking from the history of pancreatic islet transplantation to the present-day challenges of clinical islet cell transplantation. We summarize the cutting-edge clinical research with special reference to the results of current trials, including Clinical Islet Transplant Consortium, improvements in immuno-suppressive protocols, the need for beta-cell replacement therapies, including the application of induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells.

Keywords

Diabetes, Insulin, Islet Cell Transplantation, Immunosuppression, Stem Cells.
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  • Clinical Islet Cell Transplantation – Recent Advances

Abstract Views: 434  |  PDF Views: 140

Authors

Prathab Balaji Saravanan
Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, United States
Gopalakrishnan Loganathan
Clinical Islet Cell Laboratory, Centre for Cellular Transplantation, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
Bashoo Naziruddin
Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, United States
Appakalai N. Balamurugan
Clinical Islet Cell Laboratory, Centre for Cellular Transplantation, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States

Abstract


Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells essentially requires treatment with exogenous insulin therapy. Despite the education, technology and improvements in insulin formulations, patients face the ongoing life-threatening hypoglycaemia with poor quality of life as well as progressive disease leading to micro-and macro-vascular complications of diabetes. Islet transplantation offers an alternative therapeutic option for these patients. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in this field tracking from the history of pancreatic islet transplantation to the present-day challenges of clinical islet cell transplantation. We summarize the cutting-edge clinical research with special reference to the results of current trials, including Clinical Islet Transplant Consortium, improvements in immuno-suppressive protocols, the need for beta-cell replacement therapies, including the application of induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells.

Keywords


Diabetes, Insulin, Islet Cell Transplantation, Immunosuppression, Stem Cells.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv113%2Fi07%2F1267-1276