Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Role of Electric Mobility in a Sustainable, and Energy-Secure Future for India


Affiliations
1 National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru 560 012, India
 

Within the next decade, a set of four low-carbon technologies – LEDs, solar energy, wind energy, and electric vehicles are set to reconfigure the dynamics of several industries. While India is making significant progress in the first three, we hardly see any electric vehicles on our roads, though the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP-2020) was launched by the Government of India on 9 January 2013 with the aspiration of selling 6–7 million new electric vehicles in 2020 to achieve liquid fuel savings of 2.2–2.5 million tonnes, along with substantial lowering of vehicular emissions and a decrease in CO2 emissions. In addition to these vital benefits, acceleration of electric mobility in India will also lead to higher job creation in manufacturing. In this article, key recommendations are proposed to accelerate the progress of electric vehicles as a much-needed move towards a more sustainable and energy-secure future for India and a healthier life for Indians.

Keywords

Battery Storage, Electric Vehicles, Energy Security, Low-Carbon Economy.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • MOEF&CC, Ratification of Paris Climate Agreement, Question No. 859 answered in Rajya Sabha by the Minister of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India (GoI) on 24 July 2017; retrieved from http://164.100.47.4/newrsquestion/ShowQn.aspx (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • MOEF&CC, Commitments under Paris Climate Agreement, Question No. 1532 answered in Lok Sabha by the Minister of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, GoI on 25 July 2017; retrieved from http://164.100.47.190/loksabhaquestions/annex/12/AU1532.pdf (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • GoI, Minutes of the 5th meeting of the National Board on Electric Mobility held on 25 May 2017; retrieved from http://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/minute%20of%205thMeetingNBEM.pdf (last accessed on 12 September 2017).

  • International Energy Agency, CO2 emissions from fuel combustion – Statistics, 2017; retrieved from https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/CO2EmissionsfromFuelCombustionHighlights2017.pdf (last accessed on 11 November 2017).

  • Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Indian petroleum and natural gas statistics 2016–17, 2017; retrieved from http://petroleum.nic.in/sites/default/files/pngstat_1617.pdf (last accessed on 05 November 2017).

  • Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell, Crude oil price (Indian Basket), 2017; retrieved from http://ppac.org.in/content/149_1_PricesPetroleum.aspx (last accessed on 5 November 2017).

  • Press Information Bureau, Global crude oil price of Indian Basket was US$ 60.00 per barrel on 01.11.2017, 2017; retrieved from http://pib.nic.in/newsite/pmreleases.aspx?mincode=20 (last accessed on 5 November 2017).

  • Livemint, Why oil can spoil India’s budget math, 2017; retrieved from http://www.livemint.com/Industry/ro8NqXjBC4gk1i2OAQd-GYN/Why-oil-can-spoil-Indias-budget-math.html (last accessed on 5 November 2017).

  • NITI Aayog and Rocky Mountain Institute, India leaps ahead: transformative mobility solutions for all, 2017; retrieved from http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/RMI_India_Report_web.pdf (last accessed on 12 September 2017).

  • United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris Declaration on Electro-Mobility and Climate Change & Call to Action, 2015; retrieved from http://newsroom.unfccc.int/media/521376/paris-electro-mobility-declaration.pdf (last accessed on 11 November 2017).

  • IEA, Global EV outlook, 2017; retrieved from http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/GlobalEVOut-look2017.pdf (last accessed on 25 October 2017).

  • Economic Times, Electric vehicle landscape and future forward, 2017; retrieved from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/61181894.cms (last accessed on 25 October 2017).

  • EV-Volumes, Global plug-in deliveries for Q3-2017 and YTD, 2017; retrieved from http://www.ev-volumes.com (last accessed on 20 November 2017).

  • Financial Express, Chinese automaker BYD now targets Tesla with US expansion plans, 2017; retrieved from http://www.financialexpress.com/auto/car-news/warren-buffett-backed-chinese-automaker-byd-now-targets-tesla-elon-musk-with-us-expansion-plans-electric-cars/775520/ (last accessed on 10 November 2017).

  • Forbes, How China is raising the bar with aggressive new electric vehicle rules, 2017; retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackperkowski/2017/10/10/china-raises-the-bar-with-new-electric-vehicle-rules/#21e8c3ec77ac (last accessed on 22 November 2017).

  • Quartz, China is selling more electric vehicles than the US, 2017; retrieved from https://qz.com/972897/china-is-selling-more-electric-vehicles-than-the-us-and-its-not-even-close/ (last accessed on 5 November 2017).

  • Business Line, Goldstone electric buses flagged off by HP Transport Corporation, 2017; retrieved from http://www.thehindu-businessline.com/news/national/goldstone-electric-buses-flagged-off-by-hp-transport-corporation/article9868484.ece (last accessed on 25 October 2017).

  • NDTV, Goldstone-BYD delivers 6 electric buses to Mumbai for public transport, 2017; retrieved from https://auto.ndtv.com/news/goldstone-byd-deliver-6-electric-buses-to-mumbai-best-for-public-transport-1773999 (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • Department of Energy, Federal tax credits for all-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, 2017; retrieved from http://www.fuel-economy.gov/feg/taxevb.shtml (last accessed on 25 November 2017).

  • Insideevs.com, October 2017 plug-in electric vehicle sales report card, 2017; retrieved from https://insideevs.com/october-2017-plug-in-electric-vehicle-sales-report-card/ (last accessed on 25 November 2017).

  • The Guardian, Treasury backs electric cars but makes limited moves on diesel, 2017; retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/22/treasury-backs-electric-cars-but-makes-limited-moves-on-diesel (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • The Times, Electric car fund to spark increase in chargers, 2017; retrieved from https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/budget-2017/budget-2017-electric-car-fund-to-spark-increase-in-chargers-khtf0t0gc (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • Telegraph, Tesla eyes Shanghai factory as electric car company looks to expand manufacturing base, 2017; retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/10/23/tesla-eyes-shanghai-factory-electric-car-company-looks-expand/ (last accessed on 25 November 2017).

  • Livemint, Passenger vehicle sales forecast to grow at 9–11% over the next five years, 2017; retrieved from http://www.livemint.com/Industry/KQ5i3WonZ2rMx6LzCzTZFJ/Passenger-vehicle-sales-forecast-to-grow-at-911-over-the-n.html (last accessed on 10 November 2017).

  • GoI, Minutes of the 4th meeting of the National Board on Electric Mobility held on 9 June 2014; retrieved from http://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/4thMeetingNBEM0001.pdf (last accessed on 10 November 2017).

  • Press Information Bureau, National Electric Mobility Mission Plan, 2013; retrieved from http://pib.nic.in/newsite/Print-Release.aspx?relid=91444 (last accessed on 21 November 2017).

  • Fame India Notification, 2015; retrieved from http://www.fame-india.gov.in/ViewNotificationDetails.aspx?RowId=5 (last accessed on 20 November 2017).

  • Fame India, Models available under the FAME schemes, 2017; retrieved from http://www.fame-india.gov.in (last accessed on 20 November 2017).

  • MHI, Hybrid Cars, Question No.2539 answered in Lok Sabha by Minister of State in the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises, GoI on 1 August 2017; retrieved from http://164.100.47.190/loksabhaquestions/annex/12/AU2539.pdf (last accessed on 21 November 2017).

  • PIB, Charging stations for electric vehicles, 2017; retrieved from http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=169141 (last accessed on 21 November 2017).

  • Firstpost, Challenges and solutions to developing India’s electric vehicle charging infrastructure, 2017; retrieved from http://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/challenges-and-solutions-to-developing-indias-electric-vehicle-charging-infrastructure-4206585.html (last accessed on 10 November 2017).

  • Clean Energy Ministerial, Assessing and evaluating electric vehicle deployment in India, 2014; retrieved from http://www.cleanenergyministerial.org/Portals/2/pdfs/EVI-LBNL_India_May-2014report.pdf (last accessed on 22 November 2017).

  • NITI Aayog, Proposal for a quick pilot on EV charging infrastructure, 2017; retrieved from http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/Report-EV-Infra.pdf (last accessed on 10 January 2018).

  • Energy Efficiency Services Limited, EESL to procure 10,000 Electric Vehicles from Tata Motors, 2017; retrieved from https://eeslindia.org/DMS/c76eb849-a3eb-4e69-8458-857485c0c779.pdf (last accessed on 22 November 2017).

  • Economic Times, Toyota, Suziki to plug and play in Indian electric vehicles space, 2017; retrieved from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/auto/news/toyota-suzuki-to-introduce-electric-vehicles-in-india-in-2020/articleshow/61687544.cms (last accessed on 19 November 2017).

  • Forum of Regulators, Study on impact of electric vehicles on the grid, 2017; retrieved from http://www.forumofregulators.gov.in/Data/study/EV.pdf (last accessed on 22 November 2017).

  • Abhyankar, N., Gopal, A., Sheppard, C., Won, Y. P. and Phadke, A., Techno-economic assessment of deep electrification of passenger vehicles in India, 2017; retrieved from https://ies.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/lbnl-1007121_report_1.pdf (last accessed on 20 November 2017).

  • Goldman Sachs, The low carbon economy, 2016; retrieved from http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/new-energy-landscape-folder/report-the-low-carbon-economy/report-2016.pdf (last accessed on 25 October 2017).

  • BHP, The Nickel West journey continues, 2017; retrieved from http://www.bhp.com/-/media/documents/media/reports-and-presentations/2017/171710_australiannickelconferencepresentation.pdf?la=en (last accessed on 11 November 2017).

  • Department of Energy, Overview of the DOE VTO Advanced Battery R&D Program, 2016; retrieved from: https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/06/f32/es000_howell_2016_o_web.pdf (last accessed on 25 October 2017).

  • Electrek, Tesla battery director explains the Gigafactory 1 supply chain, 2017; retrieved from https://electrek.co/2017/05/08/tesla-battery-director-gigafactory-supply-chain/ (last accessed on 11 November 2017).

  • Techcrunch, No cobalt, no Tesla, 2017; retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/01/no-cobalt-no-tesla/ (last accessed on 10 November 2017).

  • Green Car Reports, BMW battery-sourcing ethics highlight cobaltmining issue for electric cars, 2017; retrieved from https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1113697_bmw-battery-sourcing-ethics-highlight-cobalt-mining-issue-for-electric-cars (last accessed on 10 November 2017).

  • Glencore in BofAML Global Metals, Mining and Steel Conference, 2017; retrieved from http://www.glencore.com/assets/media/doc/speeches_and_presentations/2017/20170516-GLEN-presentationBAML-Confrence-Barcelona-2017-FINAL.pdf (last accessed on 25 November 2017).

  • Financial Times, Volkswagen fails to secure long-term cobalt supply for electric vehicles, 2017; retrieved from https://www.ft.com/content/297d7d4a-b002-11e7-aab9-abaa44b1e130 (last accessed on 25 October 2017).

  • The Hindu, Getting charged up, 2017; retrieved from http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/getting-charged-up/article19519844.ece (last accessed on 27 November 2017).

  • IBM, National Mineral Inventory – Cobalt, 2017; retrieved from http://ibm.nic.in/writereaddata/files/09252017163610COBALT.pdf (last accessed on 27 November 2017).

  • IBM, National Mineral Inventory – Nickel, 2017; retrieved from http://ibm.nic.in/writereaddata/files/09252017164025Nickel.pdf (last accessed on 27 November 2017).

  • Financial Express, Electric vehicles charging infrastructure, 2017; retrieved from http://www.financialexpress.com/industry/electric-vehicles-charging-infrastructure-after-ordering-10000-evs-from-tata-motors-and-mm-eesl-plan-goes-awry/985171/ (last accessed on 10 January 2018)

  • Livemint, EESL to float tender for 10,000 additional electric vehicles, 2017; retrieved from http://www.livemint.com/Industry/ZsbtjLa3A7EUobW8qDj9uK/EESL-to-float-tender-for-10000-additional-electric-vehicles.html (last accessed on 22 November 2017).

  • MHI, Standardization of protocol for EV charging infrastructure, 2017; retrieved from http://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/Upload-File/REPORT%20OF%20COMMITTEE.pdf (last accessed on 12 January 2018).

  • MHI, Hybrid and electric vehicles, Question No.1549 answered in Lok Sabha by Minister of State in the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises, GoI on 25 July 2017; retrieved from http://164.100.47.190/loksabhaquestions/annex/12/AU1549.pdf (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • IEA, Government Fleet Declaration, 2016; retrieved from https://www.iea.org/media/topics/transport/EVI_Government_Fleet_Declaration.pdf (last accessed on 18 November 2017).

  • Business Today, After Ola, Uber ready to jump on Electric Car Bandwagon in India with M&M, 2017; retrieved from http://www.businesstoday.in/sectors/auto/ola-uber-mahindra-and-mahindraeletric-cars-toyota-suzuki-green-mobility-project/story/264667.html (last accessed on 26 November 2017).

  • Economic Times, High GST rate on batteries to hit e-vehicle drive, 2017; retrieved from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/auto/news/industry/high-gst-rate-on-batteries-to-hit-e-vehicle-drive/articleshow/61377180.cms (last accessed on 26 November 2017).

  • MHI, Lithium Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles, Question No.376 answered in Lok Sabha by Minister of State in the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises, GoI on 18 July 2017; retrieved from http://164.100.47.190/loksabhaquestions/annex/12/AU376.pdf (last accessed on 24 November 2017).

  • NITI Aayog and Rocky Mountain Institute, India’s energy storage mission: a make-in-India opportunity for globally competitive battery manufacturing, 2017; retrieved from http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/India-Energy-Storage-Mission.pdf (last accessed on 10 January 2018).


Abstract Views: 370

PDF Views: 125




  • Role of Electric Mobility in a Sustainable, and Energy-Secure Future for India

Abstract Views: 370  |  PDF Views: 125

Authors

R. Srikanth
National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru 560 012, India

Abstract


Within the next decade, a set of four low-carbon technologies – LEDs, solar energy, wind energy, and electric vehicles are set to reconfigure the dynamics of several industries. While India is making significant progress in the first three, we hardly see any electric vehicles on our roads, though the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP-2020) was launched by the Government of India on 9 January 2013 with the aspiration of selling 6–7 million new electric vehicles in 2020 to achieve liquid fuel savings of 2.2–2.5 million tonnes, along with substantial lowering of vehicular emissions and a decrease in CO2 emissions. In addition to these vital benefits, acceleration of electric mobility in India will also lead to higher job creation in manufacturing. In this article, key recommendations are proposed to accelerate the progress of electric vehicles as a much-needed move towards a more sustainable and energy-secure future for India and a healthier life for Indians.

Keywords


Battery Storage, Electric Vehicles, Energy Security, Low-Carbon Economy.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv114%2Fi04%2F732-739