Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Surface Modification of Titanium Alloy by Anodic Oxidation Method to Improve its Biocompatibility


Affiliations
1 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar 144 603, India
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.B.S. State Technical Campus, Ferozepur 152 004, India
 

Surface modification of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has been performed by anodic oxidation method within various concentration ranges of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte. It describes the oxidation kinetics of the anodizing process and critical analysis of process parameters like concentration of electrolyte, voltage, time and anodic current density, was performed to obtain homogenized nano-sized porous structure on the titanium substrate. XRD (X-ray diffraction technique) and FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy) were utilized for phase analysis as well as for morphological survey. XRD report revealed that porous structure appeared at 0.4 M concentration of the electrolyte and at anodic voltage of 20 V. Anatase to rutile phase transformation was observed at 0.5 M of H2SO4. Tribological test of anodized as well as nonanodized surface performed on pin-on-disc type tribometer suggested that anodized surface possessed high wear resisting strength compared to bare metal surface. The present study tries to enhance the biocompatible features especially bone cell attachment or cell proliferation of titanium alloy by improved surface characteristics.

Keywords

Anodic Oxidation, FE-SEM, Tribometer, X-ray Diffraction.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Gugelmin, B. S. and Araujo Ponte, H. D., Electrochemical stability and bioactivity evaluation of Ti6Al4V surface coated with thin oxide by EIS for biomedical applications. Mater. Res., 2015, 18(3), 602–607.

  • Gao, A., Hang, R., Bai, L., Tang, B. and Chu, P. K., Electrochemical surface engineering of titanium-based alloys for biomedical application. Electrochim. Acta, 2018, 271, 699–718.

  • Lee, T. C., Abdullah, H. Z., Koshy, P. and Idris, M. I., Ultravioletassisted biomimetic coating of bone-like apatite on anodised titanium for biomedical applications. Thin Solid Films, 2018, 660, 191–198.

  • Mohammed, M. T., Development of a new metastable beta titanium alloy for biomedical applications. Karbala Int. J. Mod. Sci., 2017, 3(4), 224–230.

  • Pina, V. G., Amigó, V. and Muñoz, A. I., Microstructural, electrochemical and tribo-electrochemical characterisation of titaniumcopper biomedical alloys. Corros. Sci., 2016, 109, 115–125.

  • Nag, S., Banerjee, R. and Fraser, H. L., Microstructural evolution and strengthening mechanisms in Ti–Nb–Zr–Ta, Ti–Mo–Zr–Fe and Ti–15Mo biocompatible alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2005, 25(3), 357–362.

  • Wei, M., Kim, H. M., Kokubo, T. and Evans, J. H., Optimising the bioactivity of alkaline-treated titanium alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2002, 20(1–2), 125–134.

  • Kulkarni, M., Mazare, A., Schmuki, P., Iglič, A. and Seifalian, A., Biomaterial surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys for medical applications. Nanomedicine, 2014, 111, 111–135.

  • Zhang, R., Wan, Y., Ai, X., Men, B., Wang, T., Liu, Z. and Zhang, D., Fabrication of micro/nano-textured titanium alloy implant surface and its influence on hydroxyapatite coatings. J. Wuhan Univ. Technol.-Mater. Sci. Ed., 2016, 31(2), 440–445.

  • Orsini, G., Assenza, B. and Antonio, S., Surface analysis machined versus sand blasted and aci-etched titanium implants. Int. J. Oral Max. Impl., 2000, 15, 779–784.

  • Minagar, S., Wang, J., Berndt, C. C., Ivanova, E. P. and Wen, C., Cell response of anodized nanotubes on titanium and titanium alloys. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A, 2013, 101(9), 2726–2739.

  • Jayaraman, M., Meyer, U., Bühner, M., Joos, U. and Wiesmann, H. P., Influence of titanium surfaces on attachment of osteoblastlike cells in vitro. Biomaterials, 2004, 25(4), 625–631.

  • Sykaras, N., Iacopino, A. M., Marker, V. A., Triplett, R. G. and Woody, R. D., Implant materials, designs, and surface topographies: their effect on osseointegration. A literature review. Int. J. Oral Max. Impl., 2000, 15(5), 675–690.

  • Ercan, B., Taylor, E., Alpaslan, E. and Webster, T. J., Diameter of titanium nanotubes influences anti-bacterial efficacy. Nanotechnology, 2011, 22(29), 295102.

  • Aniołek, K., Kupka, M., Barylski, A. and Dercz, G., Mechanical and tribological properties of oxide layers obtained on titanium in the thermal oxidation process. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2015, 357, 1419– 1426.

  • Sharma, A. K., Anodizing titanium for space applications. Thin Solid Films, 1992, 208(1), 48–54.

  • Diamanti, M. V. and Pedeferri, M. P., Effect of anodic oxidation parameters on the titanium oxides formation. Corros. Sci., 2007, 49(2), 939–948.

  • Fan, M. and La Mantia, F., Effect of surface topography on the anodization of titanium. Electrochem. Comm., 2013, 37, 91–95.

  • Wu, L., Wen, C., Zhang, G., Liu, J. and Ma, K., Influence of anodizing time on morphology, structure and tribological properties of composite anodic films on titanium alloy. Vacuum, 2017, 140, 176–184.

  • Karambakhsh, A., Afshar, A. and Malekinejad, P., Corrosion resistance and color properties of anodized Ti–6Al–4V. J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 21(1), 121–127.

  • Mingthong, P., Veerasai, W. and Aeimbhu, A., Fabrication of Titanium oxide nanotube arrays on titanium implants: the effect of electrolytes conditions. In 6th World Congress of Biomechanics (WCB 2010), 1–6 August 2010, Singapore, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010, pp. 1208–1211.

  • Masahashi, N., Mizukoshi, Y., Semboshi, S. and Ohtsu, N., Enhanced photocatalytic activity of rutile TiO2 prepared by anodic oxidation in a high concentration sulfuric acid electrolyte. Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2009, 90(1–2), 255–261.

  • Bloyce, A., Qi, P. Y., Dong, H. and Bell, T., Surface modification of titanium alloys for combined improvements in corrosion and wear resistance. Surf. Coat. Technol., 1998, 107(2–3), 125–132.

  • Hang, R., Liu, Y., Bai, L., Zhang, X., Huang, X., Jia, H. and Tang, B., Length-dependent corrosion behavior, Ni2+ release, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial ability of Ni–Ti–O nanopores anodically grown on biomedical NiTi alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2018, 89, 1–7.

  • Hatem, A., Lin, J., Wei, R., Torres, R. D., Laurindo, C., de Souza, G. B. and Soares, P., Tribocorrosion behavior of low friction TiSiCN nanocomposite coatings deposited on titanium alloy for biomedical applications. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2018, 347, 1–12.

  • Shang, Y. and Sui, L., State of osseointegrated titanium implant surfaces in topographical aspect. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2018, 18(12), 8016–8028.

  • Kumar, S., Narayanan, T. S., Raman, S. G. S. and Seshadri, S. K., Thermal oxidation of Ti6Al4V alloy: microstructural and electrochemical characterization. Mater. Chem. Phys., 2010, 119(1–2), 337–346.

  • Krishna, D. S. R., Brama, Y. L. and Sun, Y., Thick rutile layer on titanium for tribological applications. Tribol. Int., 2007, 40(2), 329–334.

  • Kuromoto, N. K., Simão, R. A. and Soares, G. A., Titanium oxide films produced on commercially pure titanium by anodic oxidation with different voltages. Mater. Character., 2007, 58(2), 114–121.

  • Luz, A. R., de Souza, G. B., Lepienski, C. M., Siqueira, C. J. and Kuromoto, N. K., Tribological properties of nanotubes grown on Ti–35Nb alloy by anodization. Thin Solid Films, 2018, 660, 529– 537.


Abstract Views: 250

PDF Views: 107




  • Surface Modification of Titanium Alloy by Anodic Oxidation Method to Improve its Biocompatibility

Abstract Views: 250  |  PDF Views: 107

Authors

Anil Kumar
I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar 144 603, India
Manoj Kumar Kushwaha
Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.B.S. State Technical Campus, Ferozepur 152 004, India

Abstract


Surface modification of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has been performed by anodic oxidation method within various concentration ranges of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte. It describes the oxidation kinetics of the anodizing process and critical analysis of process parameters like concentration of electrolyte, voltage, time and anodic current density, was performed to obtain homogenized nano-sized porous structure on the titanium substrate. XRD (X-ray diffraction technique) and FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy) were utilized for phase analysis as well as for morphological survey. XRD report revealed that porous structure appeared at 0.4 M concentration of the electrolyte and at anodic voltage of 20 V. Anatase to rutile phase transformation was observed at 0.5 M of H2SO4. Tribological test of anodized as well as nonanodized surface performed on pin-on-disc type tribometer suggested that anodized surface possessed high wear resisting strength compared to bare metal surface. The present study tries to enhance the biocompatible features especially bone cell attachment or cell proliferation of titanium alloy by improved surface characteristics.

Keywords


Anodic Oxidation, FE-SEM, Tribometer, X-ray Diffraction.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv120%2Fi5%2F907-914