Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Allelopathic Potential and Allelochemicals in Different Intercrops for Weed Management in Rainfed Cotton


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
 

Allelochemicals released by plants serve as the primary defence by targeting the establishment of weeds and other plants. In this study, 12 different intercrops were assessed over five seasons for total phenol and terpenoid content. A detailed analysis on allelochemi-cals produced was also done using gas chromatog-raphy–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to correlate with their weed suppression efficiency. Total phenol con-tent of intercrops ranged from 6.5 to 17.6 mg g–1 tissue dry wt, with the highest value in carom followed by sorghum, sunnhemp and marigold. Total terpenoid content of leaf extracts of the intercrops varied from 14.5 to 35.9 μg g–1 tissue dry wt, wherein pearl millet had maximum terpenoid content (35.9 μg g–1 tissue dry wt) followed by sunnhemp and sesame. Analysis using GC–MS indicated the presence of some unique as well as common allelochemicals in the experimental intercrops. To correlate the abundance of these allelo-chemicals released from intercrops with their weed suppression competence, relative neighbour effect (RNE) value was determined for each intercrop. Posi-tive RNE values for sunnhemp, pearl millet and sesame indicate their efficiency in effectively reducing weed population than the other intercrops. Thus, in-tercrops with high phenolic, terpenoid and other alle-lochemicals specific to sunnhemp, pearl millet and sesame can be correlated well with weed suppression as perceptible from their RNE values.

Keywords

Allelochemicals, Allelopathic Potential, In-Tercrops, Rainfed Cotton, Relative Neighbour Effect.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Kiraly, L., Barnaz, B. and Kiralyz, Z., Plant resistance to pathogen infection: forms and mechanisms of innate and acquired resistance. J. Phytopathol., 2007, 155, 385–396.

  • War, A. R., Paulraj, M. G., Ahmad, T., Buhroo, A. A., Hussain, B., Ignacimuthu, S. and Sharma, H. C., Mechanisms of plant defense against insect herbivores. Plant Signal. Behav., 2012, 7, 1306–1320.

  • Fürstenberg-Hägg, J., Zagrobelny, M. and Bak, S., Plant defense against insect herbivores. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2013, 14, 10242– 10297.

  • Bonanomi, G., Sicurezza, M. G., Caporaso, S., Esposito, A. and Mazzoleni, S., Phytotoxicity dynamics of decaying plant materials. New Phytol., 2006, 169(3), 571–578.

  • Kumar, V., Brainard, D. C. and Bellinder, R. R., Suppression of Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powellii) by buckwheat residues: role of allelopathy. Weed Sci., 2009, 57(1), 66–73.

  • Khanh, T. D., Chung, M. I., Xuan, T. D. and Tawata, S., The exploitation of crop allelopathy in sustainable agricultural production. J. Agron. Crop Sci., 2005, 191(3), 172–184.

  • Price, A. J., Stoll, M. E., Bergtold, J. S., Arriaga, F. J., Balkcom, K. S., Kornecki, T. S. and Raper, R. L., Effect of cover crop extracts on cotton and radish radicle elongation. Commun. Biometry Crop Sci., 2008, 3, 60–66.

  • Walters, S. A. and Young, B. G., Utility of winter rye living mulch for weed management in zucchini squash production. Weed Technol., 2008, 22(4), 724–728.

  • Cheema, Z. A., Asim, M. and Khaliq, A., Sorghum allelopathy for weed control in cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.). Int. J. Agric. Biol., 2000, 2, 37–41.

  • Pouryousef, M., Yousefi, A. R., Oveiri, M. and Asadi, F., Intercropping of fenugreek as living mulch at different densities for weed suppression in coriander. Crop Prot., 2015, 69, 60–64.

  • Batish, D. R., Singh, H. P., Kohli, R. K., Saxena, D. B. and Kaur, S., Allelopathic effects of parthenin against two weedy species, Avena fatua and Bidens pilosa. Environ. Expt. Bot., 2002, 47(2), 149–155.

  • Norsworthy, J. K., McClelland, M., Griffith, G., Bangarwa, S. K. and Still, J., Evaluation of cereal and Brassicaceae cover crops in conservation-tillage, enhanced, glyphosate resistant cotton. Weed Technol., 2011, 25, 6–13.

  • Mallick, C. P. and Singh, M. B., Plant Enzymology and Histoenzymology, Kalyani publishers, New Delhi, 1980, p. 286.

  • Ghorai, N., Chakraborty, S., Gucchait, S., Saha, S. K. and Biswas, S., Estimation of total terpenoids concentration in plant tissues using a monoterpene, linalool as standard reagent. Protoc. ExChange, 2012, 5(10), 1038.

  • Markham, J. H. and Chanway, C. P., Measuring plant neighbour effects. Funct. Ecol., 1996, 10, 548–549.

  • Reigosa, M. J., Souto, X. C. and Gonźalez, L., Effect of phenolic compounds on the germination of six weeds species. Plant Growth Regul., 1999, 28, 83–88.

  • Król, A., Amarowicz, R. and Weidner, S., Changes in the composition of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of grapevine ischolar_mains and leaves (Vitis vinifera L.) under continuous of long-term drought stress. Acta Physiol. Plant., 2014, 36, 1491–1499.

  • Min, K., Freeman, C., Kang, H. and Choi, S. U., The regulation by phenolic compounds of soil organic matter dynamics under a changing environment. BioMed Res. Int., 2015; https://doi.org/ 10.1155/2015/825098.

  • Blaise, D., Manikandan, A., Verma, P., Nalayini, P., Chakraborty, M. and Kranthi, K. R., Allelopathic intercrops and its mulch as an integrated weed management strategy for rainfed Bt-transgenic cotton hybrids. Crop Prot., 2020, 135, 105214.

  • Inderjit and Duke, S. O., Ecophysiological aspects of allelopathy. Planta, 2003, 217, 529–539.

  • Ohno, T., Oxidation of phenolic acid derivatives by soil and its relevance to allelopathic activity. J. Environ. Qual., 2001, 30, 1631–1635.

  • Saad, M. M. G., Gouda, N. A. A. and Abdelgaleil, S. A. M., Bioherbicidal activity of terpenes and phenylpropenes against Echinochloa crus-galli. J. Environ. Sci. Health B, 2019, 54(12), 954–963.

  • Muscolo, A., Panuccio, M. R. and Sidari, M., The effect of phenols on respiratory enzymes in seed germination respiratory enzyme activities during germination of Pinus laricio seeds treated with phenols extracted from different forest soils. Plant Growth Regul., 2001, 35, 31–35.

  • Penuelas, J., Ribas-carbo, M. and Giles, L., Effects of allelochemicals on plant respiration and oxygen discrimination by alternative oxidase. J. Chem. Ecol., 1996, 22, 801–805.

  • Flores-Palacios, A. et al., Is allelopathic activity of Ipomoea murucoides induced by xylophage damage? PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(12), e0143529; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143529.

  • Smith, R. G., Atwood, L. W., Pollnac, F. W. and Warren, N. D., Cover-crop species as distinct biotic filters in weed community assembly. Weed Sci., 2015, 63(1), 282–295.

  • Weston, L. A. and Duke, S. O., Weed and crop allelopathy. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 2003, 22(3–4), 367–389.

  • Jabran, K., Mahajan, G., Sardana, V. and Chauhan, B. S., Allelopathy for weed control in agricultural systems. Crop Prot., 2015, 72, 57–65.

  • Dong, L. Y., Wang, M. H., Wu, S. W. and Shen, J. L., Isolation and identification of allelochemicals from wheat and allelopathyon Leptochloa chinensis in direct-seeding rice field. Chin. J. Rice Sci., 2005, 19, 551–555.

  • Yu, J. Q. and Matsui, Y., Phytotoxic substances in ischolar_main exudates of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). J. Chem. Ecol., 1994, 20, 21–31.

  • Hogan, M. E. and Manners, G. D., Allelopathy of small everlasting (Antennaria microphylla). J. Chem. Ecol., 1990, 16(3), 931–939.


Abstract Views: 522

PDF Views: 139




  • Allelopathic Potential and Allelochemicals in Different Intercrops for Weed Management in Rainfed Cotton

Abstract Views: 522  |  PDF Views: 139

Authors

Pooja Verma
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
D. Blaise
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
J. Annie Sheeba
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India
A. Manikandan
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, India

Abstract


Allelochemicals released by plants serve as the primary defence by targeting the establishment of weeds and other plants. In this study, 12 different intercrops were assessed over five seasons for total phenol and terpenoid content. A detailed analysis on allelochemi-cals produced was also done using gas chromatog-raphy–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to correlate with their weed suppression efficiency. Total phenol con-tent of intercrops ranged from 6.5 to 17.6 mg g–1 tissue dry wt, with the highest value in carom followed by sorghum, sunnhemp and marigold. Total terpenoid content of leaf extracts of the intercrops varied from 14.5 to 35.9 μg g–1 tissue dry wt, wherein pearl millet had maximum terpenoid content (35.9 μg g–1 tissue dry wt) followed by sunnhemp and sesame. Analysis using GC–MS indicated the presence of some unique as well as common allelochemicals in the experimental intercrops. To correlate the abundance of these allelo-chemicals released from intercrops with their weed suppression competence, relative neighbour effect (RNE) value was determined for each intercrop. Posi-tive RNE values for sunnhemp, pearl millet and sesame indicate their efficiency in effectively reducing weed population than the other intercrops. Thus, in-tercrops with high phenolic, terpenoid and other alle-lochemicals specific to sunnhemp, pearl millet and sesame can be correlated well with weed suppression as perceptible from their RNE values.

Keywords


Allelochemicals, Allelopathic Potential, In-Tercrops, Rainfed Cotton, Relative Neighbour Effect.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv120%2Fi6%2F1035-1039