Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Efficacious piezoelectric energy harvesting, including storage from low-frequency non-periodic bridge vibrations


Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
3 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
 

Although piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) from structural vibrations is well-recognized as a viable para­digm for renewable power generation in the micro- to milliwatt range, most real-life structures, such as bridges, are characterized by low-frequency erratic vibrations, which tend to diminish their practical utility for PEH. This is because the interface circuits invol­ved in rectification and storage tend to lose their efficiency on account of low frequencies and the erratic nature of real-life structural vibrations. This study proposes a fine-tuned D1000 bridge rectifier circuit to circumvent the above problem, culminating in a successful proof-of-concept demonstration of PEH and subsequent storage in Ni–MH rechargeable batteries from real-life bridge vibrations. The unique feature of this experimental study entails successfully utilizing simple-type piezo elements directly bonded to the host structure and operating in the d31 mode. Additionally, piezo elements bonded to a secondary cantilever structure (acting as a parasite to the main structure) are studied for comparison. Here we present a laboratory-based experimental study of a bridge rectifier circuit for charging a battery from the energy harvested using piezoelectric elements. Results show that it is feasible to charge a battery under a low-frequency and low-voltage scenario (Voc = 1 V at 5 Hz) employing the proposed D1000 rectifier circuit. We also present a field evaluation of the fine-tuned circuit on vibrations of a real-life flyover. Storage of energy in the capacitor as well as battery has been successfully realized in a realistic environment, achieving a power of 0.27 mW. This study represents successfully increasing the technology readiness level of PEH from 4 to 7 from structural vibrations.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Aabid, A. et al., A systematic review of piezoelectric materials and energy harvesters for industrial applications. Sensors, 2021, 21, 4145; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21124145.

  • Jiao, P., Egbe, K. J., Xie, Y., Nazar, A. M. and Alavi, A. H., Piezoelectric sensing techniques in structural health monitoring: a state-of-the-art review. Sensors, 2020, 20, 3730; doi:10.3390/s20133730.

  • Kaur, N. and Bhalla, S., Combined energy harvesting and structural health monitoring potential of embedded piezo-concrete vibration sensors. J. Energ. Eng., 2015, 141(4), D4014001; 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000224.

  • Khaligh, A., Zeng, P. and Zheng, C., Kinetic energy harvesting using piezoelectric and electromagnetic technologies – state-of-the-art. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2015, 57(3), 850–860; 10.1109/TIE.2009.2024652.

  • Balguvhar, S., Piezoelectric energy harvesting through low frequency non sinusoidal vibrations of civil structures. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 2020.

  • Williams, C. B., Pavic, A., Crouch, R. S. and Woods, R. C., Feasibility study of vibration–electric generator for bridge vibration sensors. In Proceedings of 16th International Modal Analysis Conference, Santa Barbara CA, 2–5 February 1998, vol. 2, pp. 1111–1117.

  • Durou, H. et al., Power harvesting and management from vibrations: a multi-source strategy simulation for aircraft structure health monitoring. In Proceedings of the SPIE Conference Smart Structures, Devices, and Systems IV, 2008, vol. 7268, pp. 1–10.

  • Zhou, D., Kong, N., Ha, D. S. and Inman, D. J., A self-powered wireless sensor node for structural health monitoring. In Proceedings of the 17th SPIE Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials and Non-destructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, SPIE Smart Materials, Nano- and Micro-Smart Systems, Melbourne, Australia, 2008, vol. 7650, pp. 1–10.

  • Kim, S. H., Ahn, J. H., Chung, H. M. and Kang, H. W., Analysis of piezoelectric effects on various loading conditions for energy harvesting in a bridge system. Sens. Actuator A, 2011, 167(2), 468–483; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2011.03.007.

  • Ali, S. F., Friswell, M. I. and Adhikari, S., Analysis of energy harvesters for highway bridges. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct., 2011, 22(16), 1929–1938; doi:10.1177/1045389X11417650.

  • Peigney, M. and Siegert, D., Piezoelectric energy harvesting from traffic-induced bridge vibrations. Smart Mater. Struct., 2013, 22(9), 095019; doi:10.1088/09641726/22/9/095019.

  • Iqbal, M. and Khan, F. U., Hybrid vibration and wind energy harvesting using combined piezoelectric and electromagnetic conversion for bridge health monitoring applications. Energ. Convers. Manage., 2018, 172, 611–618; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.07.044.

  • Wang, M. et al., Piezoelectric energy harvesting from suspension structures with piezoelectric layers. Sensors, 2020, 20, 3755; doi:10.3390/s20133755.

  • Ottman, G. K., Hofmann, H. F., Bhatt, A. C. and Lesieutre, G. A., Adaptive piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit for wireless remote power supply. IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2002, 17(5), 669–176; doi:10.1109/TPEL.2002.802194.

  • Guyomar, D., Badel, A., Lefeuvre, E. and Richard, C., Toward energy harvesting using active materials and conversion improvement by nonlinear processing. IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelectric. Freq. Control, 2005, 52(4), 584–595; doi:10.1109/TUFFC.2005.1428041.

  • Guyomar, D. and Lallart, M., Recent progress in piezoelectric conversion and energy harvesting using nonlinear electronic interfaces and issues in small scale implementation. Micromachines, 2011, 2(2), doi:10.3390/mi2020274.

  • Shu, Y. C., Lien, I. C. and Wu, W. J., An improved analysis of the SSHI interface in piezoelectric energy harvesting. Smart Mater. Struct., 2007, 16(6), 2253–2264; doi:10.1088/0964-1726/16/6/028.

  • Lien, I. C., Shu, Y. C., Wu, W. J., Shiu, S. M. and Lin, H. C., Revisit of series-SSHI with comparisons to other interfacing circuits in piezoelectric energy harvesting. Smart Mater. Struct., 2010, 19(12), 125009; doi:10.1088/0964-1726/19/12/125009.

  • Liang, J. and Liao, W.-H., Energy flow in piezoelectric energy harvesting systems. Smart Mater. Struct., 2010, 20(1), 015005; doi:10.1088/0964-1726/20/1/015005.

  • Frey, A., Seidel, J., Schreiter, M. and Kuehne, I., Piezoelectric MEMS energy harvesting module based on non-resonant excitation. In 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, 5–9 June 2011.

  • Lu, S. and Boussaid, F., A highly efficient P-SSHI rectifier for piezoelectric energy harvesting. IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2015, 30(10), 5364–5369; doi:10.1109/TPEL.2015.2422717.

  • Lallart, M., Garbuio, L., Petit, L., Richard, C. and Guyomar, D., Double synchronized switch harvesting (DSSH): a new energy harvesting scheme for efficient energy extraction. IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelectric. Freq. Control, 2008, 55(10), 2119–2130; doi:10.1109/tuffc.912.

  • Shen, H., Qiu, J., Ji, H., Zhu, K., Balsi, M. and Giorgio, I., A lowpower circuit for piezoelectric vibration control by synchronized switching on voltage sources. Sens. Actuator A, 2010, 161(1), 245–255; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2010.04.012.

  • Kashiwao, T., Izadgoshasb, I., Lim, Y. Y. and Deguchi, M., Optimization of rectifier circuits for a vibration energy harvesting system using a macro-fiber composite piezoelectric element. Microelectronics J., 2016, 54, 109–115; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2016.05.013.

  • Priya, S. et al., A review on piezoelectric energy harvesting: materials, methods and circuits. Energy Harvest. Syst., 2017, 4(1), 3–39.

  • Roach, D. and Neidigk, S., Does the maturity of structural health monitoring technology match user readiness? In Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford University, USA, 13–15 September 2011.

  • Balguvhar, S. and Bhalla, S., Evaluation of power extraction circuits on piezo-transducers operating under low-frequency vibrationinduced strains in bridges. Strain, 2019, 55(3), e12303; doi:10.1111/str.12303.

  • https://www.diodes.com/products/discrete/diodes-andrectifiers/diodes/schottky (accessed on 14 July 2021).

  • Anton, S. R. and Sodano, H. A., A review of power harvesting using piezoelectric materials (2003–2006). Smart Mater. Struct., 2007, 16(3), R1–R21.

  • https://www.smartmaterial.com/MFC-productmain.html (accessed on 11 July 2021).

  • https://www.varta-microbattery.com/en/products/nickel-metal-hydride (accessed on 14 July 2021).

  • PI Ceramic, Product Information Catalogue, Lindenstrabe, Germany; http://www.piceramic.de (accessed on 14 July 2021).

  • www.ti.com (accessed on 14 July 2021).

  • www.microchip.com (accessed on 14 July 2021).

  • Analog Devices, AD5933 Tech note, 2021; www.analog.com (accessed on 14 July 2021).


Abstract Views: 326

PDF Views: 125




  • Efficacious piezoelectric energy harvesting, including storage from low-frequency non-periodic bridge vibrations

Abstract Views: 326  |  PDF Views: 125

Authors

Sumit Balguvhar
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
Suresh Bhalla
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
Chee-Kiong Soh
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China

Abstract


Although piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) from structural vibrations is well-recognized as a viable para­digm for renewable power generation in the micro- to milliwatt range, most real-life structures, such as bridges, are characterized by low-frequency erratic vibrations, which tend to diminish their practical utility for PEH. This is because the interface circuits invol­ved in rectification and storage tend to lose their efficiency on account of low frequencies and the erratic nature of real-life structural vibrations. This study proposes a fine-tuned D1000 bridge rectifier circuit to circumvent the above problem, culminating in a successful proof-of-concept demonstration of PEH and subsequent storage in Ni–MH rechargeable batteries from real-life bridge vibrations. The unique feature of this experimental study entails successfully utilizing simple-type piezo elements directly bonded to the host structure and operating in the d31 mode. Additionally, piezo elements bonded to a secondary cantilever structure (acting as a parasite to the main structure) are studied for comparison. Here we present a laboratory-based experimental study of a bridge rectifier circuit for charging a battery from the energy harvested using piezoelectric elements. Results show that it is feasible to charge a battery under a low-frequency and low-voltage scenario (Voc = 1 V at 5 Hz) employing the proposed D1000 rectifier circuit. We also present a field evaluation of the fine-tuned circuit on vibrations of a real-life flyover. Storage of energy in the capacitor as well as battery has been successfully realized in a realistic environment, achieving a power of 0.27 mW. This study represents successfully increasing the technology readiness level of PEH from 4 to 7 from structural vibrations.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv123%2Fi4%2F554-567