This study reviews groundwater status and management based on the existing literature regarding its resource endowment, hydrogeology, challenges and issues of management and policy suggestions for India. Efficient management requires decoupling groundwater rights from land-ownership rights, changes in electricity pricing and metering, aquifer-based plans for storage and replenishment, and empowerment of participatory irrigation management for local management. Issues of water–food–energy nexus, climate change, carbon footprint of groundwater extraction and virtual water trade are also important for ensuring sustainable management of groundwater resources
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