Research contribution of major centrally funded institution systems of India

India is now one of the major knowledge producers in the world, ranking among the top five countries in total research output. The institutional set-up for research and development (R&D) in the country comprises a diverse set, including universities, Government departments, research laboratories and private sector institutions. It may be noted that more than 45% share of India’s gross expenditure on R&D comes from the Central Government. In this context, this article explores the quantum of research contribution of centrally funded institutions and institution systems in India. The volume, proportionate share and growth patterns of research publications from the major centrally funded institutions, organized in 16 groups, are analysed. These institutions account for 67.54% of the country’s research output from 2001 to 2020. The research output of the centrally funded institutions in India has increased steadily since 2001, with a good value for compounded annual growth rate. This article presents noteworthy insights into the scientific research production of India that may be useful to policymakers, researchers and science practitioners. It presents a case for increased activity by the state governments and private sector to further the cause of sustainable and inclusive R&D in the country.