Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Cannibalistic Nature and Time of Habitat Occupancy of Invasive Maize Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda are the Key Factors for Competitive Displacement of Native Stem Borer, Sesamia inferens in India


Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
2 Department of Agricultural Statistics, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
3 Department of Agronomy, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
 

Invasion of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has been implicated in reducing the incidence of native stem borers in India. The present study aimed to verify the reasons for the displacement of native stem borers using S. frugiperda and pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Field incidence of FAW and S. inferens was recorded during the 2020 and 2021 wet seasons, indicating negligible field incidence of S. inferens compared to FAW. In controlled greenhouse experiments, the competition was measured by releasing larvae at different densities into the maize whorl and also by varying their release at two-day intervals among the two species tested. In competition assays, the frequency of cannibalism increased with increasing density. The study documents that cannibalistic nature and early habitat occupancy in the whorls by FAW are the key factors involved in reducing the incidence of native stem borer, S. inferens

Keywords

Cannibalistic Nature, Competitive Displacement, Fall Armyworm, Habitat Occupancy, Larval Density, Stem Borer.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Bruno, J. F., Fridley, J. D., Bromberg, K. D. and Bertness, M. D., Insights into biotic interactions from studies of species invasions. In Species Invasions: Insights into Ecology, Evolution and Biogeography (eds Sax, D. F., Stachowicz, J. J. and Gaines, S. D.), Sinauer Associates Inc. Publishers, Sunderland, MA, USA, 2005, pp. 13–40.

  • Bentivenha, J. P. F., Baldin, E. L. L., Hunt, T. E., Paula-Moraes, S. V. and Blankenship, E. E., Intraguild competition of three noctuid maize pests. Environ. Entomol., 2016, 45, 999–1008.

  • Chapman, J. W., Williams, T., Escribano, A., Caballero, P., Cave, R. D. and Goulson, D., Fitness consequences of cannibalism in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Behav. Ecol., 1999, 10(3), 298–303.

  • Gao, Y. and Reitz, S. R., Emerging themes in our understanding of species displacements. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 2017, 62, 165–183.

  • Sharanabasappa, S. D. et al., First report of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an alien invasive pest on maize in India. Pest Manage. Hortic. Ecosyst., 2018, 24, 23–29.

  • Sharanabasappa, S. D. et al., Economic analysis of pesticide expenditure for managing the invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) by maize farmers in Karnataka, India. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121(11), 1487–1491.

  • Divya, J., Kalleshwaraswamy, C. M., Mallikarjuna, H. B. and Deshmukh, S., Does recently invaded fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda displace native lepidopteran pests of maize in India? Curr. Sci., 2021, 120(8), 1358–1367.

  • Deshmukh, S. S., Prasanna, B. M., Kalleshwaraswamy, C. M., Jaba, J. and Choudhary, B., Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). In Polyphagous Pests of Crops (ed. Omkar), Springer, Singapore, 2021; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8075-8_8.

  • Labatte, J. M., Within-plant distribution of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae on corn during whorl-stage infestation. Fla. Entomol., 1993, 76(3), 437–447.

  • Morrill, W. L. and Greene, G. L., Distribution of fall armyworm larvae. 1. Regions of field corn plants infested by larvae. Environ. Entomol., 1973, 2, 195–198.

  • Morrill, W. L. and Greene, G. L., Distribution of fall armyworm larvae. 2. Influence of biology and behavior of larvae on selection of feeding sites. Environ. Entomol., 1973, l2(3), 415–418; https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/2.3.415.

  • Sokame, B. M., Malusi, P. and Subramanian, S., Do the invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and the maize lepidopteranstemborers compete when sharing the same food? Phytoparasitica, 2021; https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-021-00952-6.

  • Navik, O., Shylesha, A. N., Patil, J., Venkatesan, T., Lalitha, Y. and Ashika, T. R., Damage, distribution and natural enemies of invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) under rainfed maize in Karnataka, India. Crop Prot., 2021, 143, 1055; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105536.

  • Hailu, G. et al., Could fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) invasion in Africa contribute to the displacement of cereal stemborers in maize and sorghum cropping systems. Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci., 2021, 41, 1753–1762; https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00381-8.

  • Carvalho, R. P. L. and Silveira, N. S., Observacoes do comportamen to de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) ao atacar milho em condicoes de campo. In Resúmen de los trabajos presentados al Prima Congreso Latinoamericano de Entomología. Congreso Latinoamericano de Entomología, Cuzco Peru., 1971, pp. 92–93.

  • Vickery, R. A., Studies of the fall armyworm in the Gulf coast region of Texas. USDA Tech. Bull., 1929, 138, 63.

  • Carroll, M., Schmelz, E. A., Meagher, R. L. and Teal, P. E. A., Attraction of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae to volatiles from herbivore-damaged maize seedlings. J. Chem. Ecol., 2006, 32, 1911–1924.

  • Kfir, R., Competitive displacement of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 1997, 90(5), 619–624.


Abstract Views: 243

PDF Views: 136




  • Cannibalistic Nature and Time of Habitat Occupancy of Invasive Maize Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda are the Key Factors for Competitive Displacement of Native Stem Borer, Sesamia inferens in India

Abstract Views: 243  |  PDF Views: 136

Authors

C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy
Department of Entomology, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
J. Divya
Department of Entomology, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
H. B. Mallikarjuna
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
Sharanabasappa S. Deshmukh
Department of Entomology, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India
C. Sunil
Department of Agronomy, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 204, India

Abstract


Invasion of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has been implicated in reducing the incidence of native stem borers in India. The present study aimed to verify the reasons for the displacement of native stem borers using S. frugiperda and pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Field incidence of FAW and S. inferens was recorded during the 2020 and 2021 wet seasons, indicating negligible field incidence of S. inferens compared to FAW. In controlled greenhouse experiments, the competition was measured by releasing larvae at different densities into the maize whorl and also by varying their release at two-day intervals among the two species tested. In competition assays, the frequency of cannibalism increased with increasing density. The study documents that cannibalistic nature and early habitat occupancy in the whorls by FAW are the key factors involved in reducing the incidence of native stem borer, S. inferens

Keywords


Cannibalistic Nature, Competitive Displacement, Fall Armyworm, Habitat Occupancy, Larval Density, Stem Borer.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv124%2Fi3%2F348-354